/**
* Copyright 1993-2015 NVIDIA Corporation. All rights reserved.
*
* Please refer to the NVIDIA end user license agreement (EULA) associated
* with this source code for terms and conditions that govern your use of
* this software. Any use, reproduction, disclosure, or distribution of
* this software and related documentation outside the terms of the EULA
* is strictly prohibited.
*
*/
/**
* Matrix multiplication: C = A * B.
* Host code.
*
* This sample implements matrix multiplication as described in Chapter 3
* of the programming guide.
* It has been written for clarity of exposition to illustrate various CUDA
* programming principles, not with the goal of providing the most
* performant generic kernel for matrix multiplication.
*
* See also:
* V. Volkov and J. Demmel, "Benchmarking GPUs to tune dense linear algebra,"
* in Proc. 2008 ACM/IEEE Conf. on Supercomputing (SC '08),
* Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press, 2008, pp. Art. 31:1-11.
*/
// System includes
#include
#include
// CUDA runtime
#include
// Helper functions and utilities to work with CUDA
#include
#include
/**
* Matrix multiplication (CUDA Kernel) on the device: C = A * B
* wA is A's width and wB is B's width
*/
template __global__ void
matrixMulCUDA(float *C, float *A, float *B, int wA, int wB)
{
// Block index
int bx = blockIdx.x;
int by = blockIdx.y;
// Thread index
int tx = threadIdx.x;
int ty = threadIdx.y;
// Index of the first sub-matrix of A processed by the block
int aBegin = wA * BLOCK_SIZE * by;
// Index of the last sub-matrix of A processed by the block
int aEnd = aBegin + wA - 1;
// Step size used to iterate through the sub-matrices of A
int aStep = BLOCK_SIZE;
// Index of the first sub-matrix of B processed by the block
int bBegin = BLOCK_SIZE * bx;
// Step size used to iterate through the sub-matrices of B
int bStep = BLOCK_SIZE * wB;
// Csub is used to store the element of the block sub-matrix
// that is computed by the thread
float Csub = 0;
// Loop over all the sub-matrices of A and B
// required to compute the block sub-matrix
for (int a = aBegin, b = bBegin;
a <= aEnd;
a += aStep, b += bStep)
{
// Declaration of the shared memory array As used to
// store the sub-matrix of A
__shared__ float As[BLOCK_SIZE][BLOCK_SIZE];
// Declaration of the shared memory array Bs used to
// store the sub-matrix of B
__shared__ float Bs[BLOCK_SIZE][BLOCK_SIZE];
// Load the matrices from device memory
// to shared memory; each thread loads
// one element of each matrix
As[ty][tx] = A[a + wA * ty + tx];
Bs[ty][tx] = B[b + wB * ty + tx];
// Synchronize to make sure the matrices are loaded
__syncthreads();
// Multiply the two matrices together;
// each thread computes one element
// of the block sub-matrix
#pragma unroll
for (int k = 0; k < BLOCK_SIZE; ++k)
{
Csub += As[ty][k] * Bs[k][tx];
}
// Synchronize to make sure that the preceding
// computation is done before loading two new
// sub-matrices of A and B in the next iteration
__syncthreads();
}
// Write the block sub-matrix to device memory;
// each thread writes one element
int c = wB * BLOCK_SIZE * by + BLOCK_SIZE * bx;
C[c + wB * ty + tx] = Csub;
}
void constantInit(float *data, int size, float val)
{
for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
{
data[i] = val;
}
}
/**
* Run a simple test of matrix multiplication using CUDA
*/
int matrixMultiply(int argc, char **argv, int block_size, dim3 &dimsA, dim3 &dimsB)
{
// Allocate host memory for matrices A and B
unsigned int size_A = dimsA.x * dimsA.y;
unsigned int mem_size_A = sizeof(float) * size_A;
float *h_A = (float *)malloc(mem_size_A);
unsigned int size_B = dimsB.x * dimsB.y;
unsigned int mem_size_B = sizeof(float) * size_B;
float *h_B = (float *)malloc(mem_size_B);
// Initialize host memory
const float valB = 0.01f;
constantInit(h_A, size_A, 1.0f);
constantInit(h_B, size_B, valB);
// Allocate device memory
float *d_A, *d_B, *d_C;
// Allocate host matrix C
dim3 dimsC(dimsB.x, dimsA.y, 1);
unsigned int mem_size_C = dimsC.x * dimsC.y * sizeof(float);
float *h_C = (float *) malloc(mem_size_C);
if (h_C == NULL)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to allocate host matrix C!\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
cudaError_t error;
error = cudaMalloc((void **) &d_A, mem_size_A);
if (error != cudaSuccess)
{
printf("cudaMalloc d_A returned error %s (code %d), line(%d)\n", cudaGetErrorString(error), error, __LINE__);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
error = cudaMalloc((void **) &d_B, mem_size_B);
if (error != cudaSuccess)
{
printf("cudaMalloc d_B returned error %s (code %d), line(%d)\n", cudaGetErrorString(error), error, __LINE__);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
error = cudaMalloc((void **) &d_C, mem_size_C);
if (error != cudaSuccess)
{
printf("cudaMalloc d_C returned error %s (code %d), line(%d)\n", cudaGetErrorString(error), error, __LINE__);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// copy host memory to device
error = cudaMemcpy(d_A, h_A, mem_size_A, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice);
if (error != cudaSuccess)
{
printf("cudaMemcpy (d_A,h_A) returned error %s (code %d), line(%d)\n", cudaGetErrorString(error), error, __LINE__);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
error = cudaMemcpy(d_B, h_B, mem_size_B, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice);
if (error != cudaSuccess)
{
printf("cudaMemcpy (d_B,h_B) returned error %s (code %d), line(%d)\n", cudaGetErrorString(error), error, __LINE__);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// Setup execution parameters
dim3 threads(block_size, block_size);
dim3 grid(dimsB.x / threads.x, dimsA.y / threads.y);
// Create and start timer
printf("Computing result using CUDA Kernel...\n");
// Performs warmup operation using matrixMul CUDA kernel
if (block_size == 16)
{
matrixMulCUDA<16><<< grid, threads >>>(d_C, d_A, d_B, dimsA.x, dimsB.x);
}
else
{
matrixMulCUDA<32><<< grid, threads >>>(d_C, d_A, d_B, dimsA.x, dimsB.x);
}
printf("done\n");
cudaDeviceSynchronize();
// Allocate CUDA events that we'll use for timing
cudaEvent_t start;
error = cudaEventCreate(&start);
if (error != cudaSuccess)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create start event (error code %s)!\n", cudaGetErrorString(error));
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
cudaEvent_t stop;
error = cudaEventCreate(&stop);
if (error != cudaSuccess)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create stop event (error code %s)!\n", cudaGetErrorString(error));
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// Record the start event
error = cudaEventRecord(start, NULL);
if (error != cudaSuccess)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to record start event (error code %s)!\n", cudaGetErrorString(error));
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// Execute the kernel
int nIter = 300;
for (int j = 0; j < nIter; j++)
{
if (block_size == 16)
{
matrixMulCUDA<16><<< grid, threads >>>(d_C, d_A, d_B, dimsA.x, dimsB.x);
}
else
{
matrixMulCUDA<32><<< grid, threads >>>(d_C, d_A, d_B, dimsA.x, dimsB.x);
}
}
// Record the stop event
error = cudaEventRecord(stop, NULL);
if (error != cudaSuccess)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to record stop event (error code %s)!\n", cudaGetErrorString(error));
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// Wait for the stop event to complete
error = cudaEventSynchronize(stop);
if (error != cudaSuccess)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to synchronize on the stop event (error code %s)!\n", cudaGetErrorString(error));
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
float msecTotal = 0.0f;
error = cudaEventElapsedTime(&msecTotal, start, stop);
if (error != cudaSuccess)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to get time elapsed between events (error code %s)!\n", cudaGetErrorString(error));
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// Compute and print the performance
float msecPerMatrixMul = msecTotal / nIter;
double flopsPerMatrixMul = 2.0 * (double)dimsA.x * (double)dimsA.y * (double)dimsB.x;
double gigaFlops = (flopsPerMatrixMul * 1.0e-9f) / (msecPerMatrixMul / 1000.0f);
printf(
"Performance= %.2f GFlop/s, Time= %.3f msec, Size= %.0f Ops, WorkgroupSize= %u threads/block\n",
gigaFlops,
msecPerMatrixMul,
flopsPerMatrixMul,
threads.x * threads.y);
// Copy result from device to host
error = cudaMemcpy(h_C, d_C, mem_size_C, cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost);
if (error != cudaSuccess)
{
printf("cudaMemcpy (h_C,d_C) returned error %s (code %d), line(%d)\n", cudaGetErrorString(error), error, __LINE__);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
printf("Checking computed result for correctness: ");
bool correct = true;
// test relative error by the formula
// |_cpu - _gpu|/<|x|, |y|> < eps
double eps = 1.e-6 ; // machine zero
for (int i = 0; i < (int)(dimsC.x * dimsC.y); i++)
{
double abs_err = fabs(h_C[i] - (dimsA.x * valB));
double dot_length = dimsA.x;
double abs_val = fabs(h_C[i]);
double rel_err = abs_err/abs_val/dot_length ;
if (rel_err > eps)
{
printf("Error! Matrix[%05d]=%.8f, ref=%.8f error term is > %E\n", i, h_C[i], dimsA.x*valB, eps);
correct = false;
}
}
printf("%s\n", correct ? "Result = PASS" : "Result = FAIL");
// Clean up memory
free(h_A);
free(h_B);
free(h_C);
cudaFree(d_A);
cudaFree(d_B);
cudaFree(d_C);
printf("\nNOTE: The CUDA Samples are not meant for performance measurements. Results may vary when GPU Boost is enabled.\n");
if (correct)
{
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
else
{
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
}
/**
* Program main
*/
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
printf("[Matrix Multiply Using CUDA] - Starting...\n");
if (checkCmdLineFlag(argc, (const char **)argv, "help") ||
checkCmdLineFlag(argc, (const char **)argv, "?"))
{
printf("Usage -device=n (n >= 0 for deviceID)\n");
printf(" -wA=WidthA -hA=HeightA (Width x Height of Matrix A)\n");
printf(" -wB=WidthB -hB=HeightB (Width x Height of Matrix B)\n");
printf(" Note: Outer matrix dimensions of A & B matrices must be equal.\n");
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
// By default, we use device 0, otherwise we override the device ID based on what is provided at the command line
int devID = 0;
if (checkCmdLineFlag(argc, (const char **)argv, "device"))
{
devID = getCmdLineArgumentInt(argc, (const char **)argv, "device");
cudaSetDevice(devID);
}
cudaError_t error;
cudaDeviceProp deviceProp;
error = cudaGetDevice(&devID);
if (error != cudaSuccess)
{
printf("cudaGetDevice returned error %s (code %d), line(%d)\n", cudaGetErrorString(error), error, __LINE__);
}
error = cudaGetDeviceProperties(&deviceProp, devID);
if (deviceProp.computeMode == cudaComputeModeProhibited)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Error: device is running in , no threads can use ::cudaSetDevice().\n");
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
if (error != cudaSuccess)
{
printf("cudaGetDeviceProperties returned error %s (code %d), line(%d)\n", cudaGetErrorString(error), error, __LINE__);
}
else
{
printf("GPU Device %d: \"%s\" with compute capability %d.%d\n\n", devID, deviceProp.name, deviceProp.major, deviceProp.minor);
}
int block_size = 32;
dim3 dimsA(5*2*block_size, 5*2*block_size, 1);
dim3 dimsB(5*4*block_size, 5*2*block_size, 1);
// width of Matrix A
if (checkCmdLineFlag(argc, (const char **)argv, "wA"))
{
dimsA.x = getCmdLineArgumentInt(argc, (const char **)argv, "wA");
}
// height of Matrix A
if (checkCmdLineFlag(argc, (const char **)argv, "hA"))
{
dimsA.y = getCmdLineArgumentInt(argc, (const char **)argv, "hA");
}
// width of Matrix B
if (checkCmdLineFlag(argc, (const char **)argv, "wB"))
{
dimsB.x = getCmdLineArgumentInt(argc, (const char **)argv, "wB");
}
// height of Matrix B
if (checkCmdLineFlag(argc, (const char **)argv, "hB"))
{
dimsB.y = getCmdLineArgumentInt(argc, (const char **)argv, "hB");
}
if (dimsA.x != dimsB.y)
{
printf("Error: outer matrix dimensions must be equal. (%d != %d)\n",
dimsA.x, dimsB.y);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
printf("MatrixA(%d,%d), MatrixB(%d,%d)\n", dimsA.x, dimsA.y, dimsB.x, dimsB.y);
int matrix_result = matrixMultiply(argc, argv, block_size, dimsA, dimsB);
getchar();
exit(matrix_result);
}
matrixMul-nvrtv
/**
* Copyright 1993-2015 NVIDIA Corporation. All rights reserved.
*
* Please refer to the NVIDIA end user license agreement (EULA) associated
* with this source code for terms and conditions that govern your use of
* this software. Any use, reproduction, disclosure, or distribution of
* this software and related documentation outside the terms of the EULA
* is strictly prohibited.
*
*/
/**
* Matrix multiplication: C = A * B.
* Host code.
*
* This sample implements matrix multiplication as described in Chapter 3
* of the programming guide.
* It has been written for clarity of exposition to illustrate various CUDA
* programming principles, not with the goal of providing the most
* performant generic kernel for matrix multiplication.
*
* See also:
* V. Volkov and J. Demmel, "Benchmarking GPUs to tune dense linear algebra,"
* in Proc. 2008 ACM/IEEE Conf. on Supercomputing (SC '08),
* Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press, 2008, pp. Art. 31:1-11.
*/
/**
* Matrix multiplication (CUDA Kernel) on the device: C = A * B
* wA is A's width and wB is B's width
*/
#include
template __device__ void
matrixMulCUDA(float *C, float *A, float *B, int wA, int wB)
{
// Handle to thread block group
cooperative_groups::thread_block cta = cooperative_groups::this_thread_block();
// Block index
int bx = blockIdx.x;
int by = blockIdx.y;
// Thread index
int tx = threadIdx.x;
int ty = threadIdx.y;
// Index of the first sub-matrix of A processed by the block
int aBegin = wA * BLOCK_SIZE * by;
// Index of the last sub-matrix of A processed by the block
int aEnd = aBegin + wA - 1;
// Step size used to iterate through the sub-matrices of A
int aStep = BLOCK_SIZE;
// Index of the first sub-matrix of B processed by the block
int bBegin = BLOCK_SIZE * bx;
// Step size used to iterate through the sub-matrices of B
int bStep = BLOCK_SIZE * wB;
// Csub is used to store the element of the block sub-matrix
// that is computed by the thread
float Csub = 0;
// Loop over all the sub-matrices of A and B
// required to compute the block sub-matrix
for (int a = aBegin, b = bBegin; a <= aEnd; a += aStep, b += bStep)
{
// Declaration of the shared memory array As used to
// store the sub-matrix of A
__shared__ float As[BLOCK_SIZE][BLOCK_SIZE];
// Declaration of the shared memory array Bs used to
// store the sub-matrix of B
__shared__ float Bs[BLOCK_SIZE][BLOCK_SIZE];
// Load the matrices from device memory
// to shared memory; each thread loads
// one element of each matrix
As[ty][tx] = A[a + wA * ty + tx];
Bs[ty][tx] = B[b + wB * ty + tx];
// Synchronize to make sure the matrices are loaded
cooperative_groups::sync(cta);
// Multiply the two matrices together;
// each thread computes one element
// of the block sub-matrix
#pragma unroll
for (int k = 0; k < BLOCK_SIZE; ++k)
{
Csub += As[ty][k] * Bs[k][tx];
}
// Synchronize to make sure that the preceding
// computation is done before loading two new
// sub-matrices of A and B in the next iteration
cooperative_groups::sync(cta);
}
// Write the block sub-matrix to device memory;
// each thread writes one element
int c = wB * BLOCK_SIZE * by + BLOCK_SIZE * bx;
C[c + wB * ty + tx] = Csub;
}
extern "C" __global__ void matrixMulCUDA_block16(float *C, float *A, float *B, int wA, int wB)
{
matrixMulCUDA<16>(C,A,B,wA,wB);
}
extern "C" __global__ void matrixMulCUDA_block32(float *C, float *A, float *B, int wA, int wB)
{
matrixMulCUDA<32>(C,A,B,wA,wB);
}
/**
* Copyright 1993-2015 NVIDIA Corporation. All rights reserved.
*
* Please refer to the NVIDIA end user license agreement (EULA) associated
* with this source code for terms and conditions that govern your use of
* this software. Any use, reproduction, disclosure, or distribution of
* this software and related documentation outside the terms of the EULA
* is strictly prohibited.
*
*/
/**
* Matrix multiplication: C = A * B.
* Host code.
*
* This sample implements matrix multiplication as described in Chapter 3
* of the programming guide.
* It has been written for clarity of exposition to illustrate various CUDA
* programming principles, not with the goal of providing the most
* performant generic kernel for matrix multiplication.
*
* See also:
* V. Volkov and J. Demmel, "Benchmarking GPUs to tune dense linear algebra,"
* in Proc. 2008 ACM/IEEE Conf. on Supercomputing (SC '08),
* Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press, 2008, pp. Art. 31:1-11.
*/
// System includes
#include
#include
// CUDA runtime
#include
#include "nvrtc_helper.h"
// Helper functions and utilities to work with CUDA
#include
void constantInit(float *data, int size, float val)
{
for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
{
data[i] = val;
}
}
/**
* Run a simple test of matrix multiplication using CUDA
*/
int matrixMultiply(int argc, char **argv, int block_size, dim3 &dimsA, dim3 &dimsB)
{
// Allocate host memory for matrices A and B
unsigned int size_A = dimsA.x * dimsA.y;
unsigned int mem_size_A = sizeof(float) * size_A;
float *h_A = (float *)malloc(mem_size_A);
unsigned int size_B = dimsB.x * dimsB.y;
unsigned int mem_size_B = sizeof(float) * size_B;
float *h_B = (float *)malloc(mem_size_B);
// Initialize host memory
const float valB = 0.01f;
constantInit(h_A, size_A, 1.0f);
constantInit(h_B, size_B, valB);
// Allocate device memory
CUdeviceptr d_A, d_B, d_C;
char *ptx, *kernel_file;
size_t ptxSize;
kernel_file = sdkFindFilePath("matrixMul_kernel.cu", argv[0]);
compileFileToPTX(kernel_file, argc, argv, &ptx, &ptxSize, 1);
CUmodule module = loadPTX(ptx, argc, argv);
// Allocate host matrix C
dim3 dimsC(dimsB.x, dimsA.y, 1);
unsigned int mem_size_C = dimsC.x * dimsC.y * sizeof(float);
float *h_C = (float *) malloc(mem_size_C);
if (h_C == NULL)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to allocate host matrix C!\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
checkCudaErrors(cuMemAlloc(&d_A, mem_size_A));
checkCudaErrors(cuMemAlloc(&d_B, mem_size_B));
checkCudaErrors(cuMemAlloc(&d_C, mem_size_C));
// copy host memory to device
checkCudaErrors(cuMemcpyHtoD(d_A, h_A, mem_size_A));
checkCudaErrors(cuMemcpyHtoD(d_B, h_B, mem_size_B));
// Setup execution parameters
dim3 threads(block_size, block_size);
dim3 grid(dimsB.x / threads.x, dimsA.y / threads.y);
// Create and start timer
printf("Computing result using CUDA Kernel...\n");
CUfunction kernel_addr;
if (block_size == 16)
{
checkCudaErrors(cuModuleGetFunction(&kernel_addr, module, "matrixMulCUDA_block16"));
}
else
{
checkCudaErrors(cuModuleGetFunction(&kernel_addr, module, "matrixMulCUDA_block32"));
}
void *arr[] = { (void *)&d_C, (void *)&d_A, (void *)&d_B, (void *)&dimsA.x, (void *)&dimsB.x };
// Execute the kernel
int nIter = 300;
for (int j = 0; j < nIter; j++)
{
checkCudaErrors(cuLaunchKernel(kernel_addr,
grid.x, grid.y, grid.z, /* grid dim */
threads.x, threads.y, threads.z, /* block dim */
0,0, /* shared mem, stream */
&arr[0], /* arguments */
0));
checkCudaErrors(cuCtxSynchronize());
}
// Copy result from device to host
checkCudaErrors(cuMemcpyDtoH(h_C, d_C, mem_size_C));
printf("Checking computed result for correctness: ");
bool correct = true;
// test relative error by the formula
// |_cpu - _gpu|/<|x|, |y|> < eps
double eps = 1.e-6 ; // machine zero
for (int i = 0; i < (int)(dimsC.x * dimsC.y); i++)
{
double abs_err = fabs(h_C[i] - (dimsA.x * valB));
double dot_length = dimsA.x;
double abs_val = fabs(h_C[i]);
double rel_err = abs_err/abs_val/dot_length ;
if (rel_err > eps)
{
printf("Error! Matrix[%05d]=%.8f, ref=%.8f error term is > %E\n", i, h_C[i], dimsA.x*valB, eps);
correct = false;
}
}
printf("%s\n", correct ? "Result = PASS" : "Result = FAIL");
printf("\nNOTE: The CUDA Samples are not meant for performance measurements. Results may vary when GPU Boost is enabled.\n");
// Clean up memory
free(h_A);
free(h_B);
free(h_C);
checkCudaErrors(cuMemFree(d_A));
checkCudaErrors(cuMemFree(d_B));
checkCudaErrors(cuMemFree(d_C));
if (correct)
{
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
else
{
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
}
/**
* Program main
*/
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
printf("[Matrix Multiply Using CUDA] - Starting...\n");
if (checkCmdLineFlag(argc, (const char **)argv, "help") ||
checkCmdLineFlag(argc, (const char **)argv, "?"))
{
printf("Usage -device=n (n >= 0 for deviceID)\n");
printf(" -wA=WidthA -hA=HeightA (Width x Height of Matrix A)\n");
printf(" -wB=WidthB -hB=HeightB (Width x Height of Matrix B)\n");
printf(" Note: Outer matrix dimensions of A & B matrices must be equal.\n");
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
int block_size = 32;
//original:
dim3 dimsA(5*2*block_size, 5*2*block_size, 1);
dim3 dimsB(5*4*block_size, 5*2*block_size, 1);
// reduce sizes to avoid running out of memory
//dim3 dimsA(32,32, 1);
//dim3 dimsB(32,32,1);
// width of Matrix A
if (checkCmdLineFlag(argc, (const char **)argv, "wA"))
{
dimsA.x = getCmdLineArgumentInt(argc, (const char **)argv, "wA");
}
// height of Matrix A
if (checkCmdLineFlag(argc, (const char **)argv, "hA"))
{
dimsA.y = getCmdLineArgumentInt(argc, (const char **)argv, "hA");
}
// width of Matrix B
if (checkCmdLineFlag(argc, (const char **)argv, "wB"))
{
dimsB.x = getCmdLineArgumentInt(argc, (const char **)argv, "wB");
}
// height of Matrix B
if (checkCmdLineFlag(argc, (const char **)argv, "hB"))
{
dimsB.y = getCmdLineArgumentInt(argc, (const char **)argv, "hB");
}
if (dimsA.x != dimsB.y)
{
printf("Error: outer matrix dimensions must be equal. (%d != %d)\n", dimsA.x, dimsB.y);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
printf("MatrixA(%d,%d), MatrixB(%d,%d)\n", dimsA.x, dimsA.y, dimsB.x, dimsB.y);
int matrix_result = matrixMultiply(argc, argv, block_size, dimsA, dimsB);
exit(matrix_result);
}
matrixMul-CUBLAS
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Copyright 1993-2015 NVIDIA Corporation. All rights reserved.
//
// Please refer to the NVIDIA end user license agreement (EULA) associated
// with this source code for terms and conditions that govern your use of
// this software. Any use, reproduction, disclosure, or distribution of
// this software and related documentation outside the terms of the EULA
// is strictly prohibited.
//
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Matrix multiplication: C = A * B.
// Host code.
//
// This sample implements matrix multiplication as described in Chapter 3
// of the programming guide and uses the CUBLAS library to demonstrate
// the best performance.
// SOME PRECAUTIONS:
// IF WE WANT TO CALCULATE ROW-MAJOR MATRIX MULTIPLY C = A * B,
// WE JUST NEED CALL CUBLAS API IN A REVERSE ORDER: cublasSegemm(B, A)!
// The reason is explained as follows:
// CUBLAS library uses column-major storage, but C/C++ use row-major storage.
// When passing the matrix pointer to CUBLAS, the memory layout alters from
// row-major to column-major, which is equivalent to an implicit transpose.
// In the case of row-major C/C++ matrix A, B, and a simple matrix multiplication
// C = A * B, we can't use the input order like cublasSgemm(A, B) because of
// implicit transpose. The actual result of cublasSegemm(A, B) is A(T) * B(T).
// If col(A(T)) != row(B(T)), equal to row(A) != col(B), A(T) and B(T) are not
// multipliable. Moreover, even if A(T) and B(T) are multipliable, the result C
// is a column-based cublas matrix, which means C(T) in C/C++, we need extra
// transpose code to convert it to a row-based C/C++ matrix.
// To solve the problem, let's consider our desired result C, a row-major matrix.
// In cublas format, it is C(T) actually (because of the implicit transpose).
// C = A * B, so C(T) = (A * B) (T) = B(T) * A(T). Cublas matrice B(T) and A(T)
// happen to be C/C++ matrice B and A (still because of the implicit transpose)!
// We don't need extra transpose code, we only need alter the input order!
//
// CUBLAS provides high-performance matrix multiplication.
// See also:
// V. Volkov and J. Demmel, "Benchmarking GPUs to tune dense linear algebra,"
// in Proc. 2008 ACM/IEEE Conf. on Supercomputing (SC '08),
// Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press, 2008, pp. Art. 31:1-11.
//
// Utilities and system includes
#include
#include // helper for shared functions common to CUDA Samples
// CUDA runtime
#include
#include
// CUDA and CUBLAS functions
#include
#include
#ifndef min
#define min(a,b) ((a < b) ? a : b)
#endif
#ifndef max
#define max(a,b) ((a > b) ? a : b)
#endif
typedef struct _matrixSize // Optional Command-line multiplier for matrix sizes
{
unsigned int uiWA, uiHA, uiWB, uiHB, uiWC, uiHC;
} sMatrixSize;
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//! Compute reference data set matrix multiply on CPU
//! C = A * B
//! @param C reference data, computed but preallocated
//! @param A matrix A as provided to device
//! @param B matrix B as provided to device
//! @param hA height of matrix A
//! @param wB width of matrix B
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void
matrixMulCPU(float *C, const float *A, const float *B, unsigned int hA, unsigned int wA, unsigned int wB)
{
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < hA; ++i)
for (unsigned int j = 0; j < wB; ++j)
{
double sum = 0;
for (unsigned int k = 0; k < wA; ++k)
{
double a = A[i * wA + k];
double b = B[k * wB + j];
sum += a * b;
}
C[i * wB + j] = (float)sum;
}
}
// Allocates a matrix with random float entries.
void randomInit(float *data, int size)
{
for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
data[i] = rand() / (float)RAND_MAX;
}
void printDiff(float *data1, float *data2, int width, int height, int iListLength, float fListTol)
{
printf("Listing first %d Differences > %.6f...\n", iListLength, fListTol);
int i,j,k;
int error_count=0;
for (j = 0; j < height; j++)
{
if (error_count < iListLength)
{
printf("\n Row %d:\n", j);
}
for (i = 0; i < width; i++)
{
k = j * width + i;
float fDiff = fabs(data1[k] - data2[k]);
if (fDiff > fListTol)
{
if (error_count < iListLength)
{
printf(" Loc(%d,%d)\tCPU=%.5f\tGPU=%.5f\tDiff=%.6f\n", i, j, data1[k], data2[k], fDiff);
}
error_count++;
}
}
}
printf(" \n Total Errors = %d\n", error_count);
}
void initializeCUDA(int argc, char **argv, int &devID, int &iSizeMultiple, sMatrixSize &matrix_size)
{
// By default, we use device 0, otherwise we override the device ID based on what is provided at the command line
cudaError_t error;
devID = 0;
if (checkCmdLineFlag(argc, (const char **)argv, "device"))
{
devID = getCmdLineArgumentInt(argc, (const char **)argv, "device");
error = cudaSetDevice(devID);
if (error != cudaSuccess)
{
printf("cudaSetDevice returned error code %d, line(%d)\n", error, __LINE__);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
// get number of SMs on this GPU
error = cudaGetDevice(&devID);
if (error != cudaSuccess)
{
printf("cudaGetDevice returned error code %d, line(%d)\n", error, __LINE__);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
if (checkCmdLineFlag(argc, (const char **)argv, "sizemult"))
{
iSizeMultiple = getCmdLineArgumentInt(argc, (const char **)argv, "sizemult");
}
iSizeMultiple = min(iSizeMultiple, 10);
iSizeMultiple = max(iSizeMultiple, 1);
cudaDeviceProp deviceProp;
error = cudaGetDeviceProperties(&deviceProp, devID);
if (error != cudaSuccess)
{
printf("cudaGetDeviceProperties returned error code %d, line(%d)\n", error, __LINE__);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
printf("GPU Device %d: \"%s\" with compute capability %d.%d\n\n", devID, deviceProp.name, deviceProp.major, deviceProp.minor);
int block_size = 32;
matrix_size.uiWA = 3 * block_size * iSizeMultiple;
matrix_size.uiHA = 4 * block_size * iSizeMultiple;
matrix_size.uiWB = 2 * block_size * iSizeMultiple;
matrix_size.uiHB = 3 * block_size * iSizeMultiple;
matrix_size.uiWC = 2 * block_size * iSizeMultiple;
matrix_size.uiHC = 4 * block_size * iSizeMultiple;
printf("MatrixA(%u,%u), MatrixB(%u,%u), MatrixC(%u,%u)\n",
matrix_size.uiHA, matrix_size.uiWA,
matrix_size.uiHB, matrix_size.uiWB,
matrix_size.uiHC, matrix_size.uiWC);
if( matrix_size.uiWA != matrix_size.uiHB ||
matrix_size.uiHA != matrix_size.uiHC ||
matrix_size.uiWB != matrix_size.uiWC)
{
printf("ERROR: Matrix sizes do not match!\n");
exit(-1);
}
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//! Run a simple test matrix multiply using CUBLAS
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
int matrixMultiply(int argc, char **argv, int devID, sMatrixSize &matrix_size)
{
cudaDeviceProp deviceProp;
checkCudaErrors(cudaGetDeviceProperties(&deviceProp, devID));
int block_size = 32;
// set seed for rand()
srand(2006);
// allocate host memory for matrices A and B
unsigned int size_A = matrix_size.uiWA * matrix_size.uiHA;
unsigned int mem_size_A = sizeof(float) * size_A;
float *h_A = (float *)malloc(mem_size_A);
unsigned int size_B = matrix_size.uiWB * matrix_size.uiHB;
unsigned int mem_size_B = sizeof(float) * size_B;
float *h_B = (float *)malloc(mem_size_B);
// set seed for rand()
srand(2006);
// initialize host memory
randomInit(h_A, size_A);
randomInit(h_B, size_B);
// allocate device memory
float *d_A, *d_B, *d_C;
unsigned int size_C = matrix_size.uiWC * matrix_size.uiHC;
unsigned int mem_size_C = sizeof(float) * size_C;
// allocate host memory for the result
float *h_C = (float *) malloc(mem_size_C);
float *h_CUBLAS = (float *) malloc(mem_size_C);
checkCudaErrors(cudaMalloc((void **) &d_A, mem_size_A));
checkCudaErrors(cudaMalloc((void **) &d_B, mem_size_B));
checkCudaErrors(cudaMemcpy(d_A, h_A, mem_size_A, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice));
checkCudaErrors(cudaMemcpy(d_B, h_B, mem_size_B, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice));
checkCudaErrors(cudaMalloc((void **) &d_C, mem_size_C));
// setup execution parameters
dim3 threads(block_size, block_size);
dim3 grid(matrix_size.uiWC / threads.x, matrix_size.uiHC / threads.y);
// create and start timer
printf("Computing result using CUBLAS...");
// execute the kernel
int nIter = 30;
// CUBLAS version 2.0
{
const float alpha = 1.0f;
const float beta = 0.0f;
cublasHandle_t handle;
cudaEvent_t start, stop;
checkCudaErrors(cublasCreate(&handle));
//Perform warmup operation with cublas
checkCudaErrors(cublasSgemm(handle, CUBLAS_OP_N, CUBLAS_OP_N, matrix_size.uiWB, matrix_size.uiHA, matrix_size.uiWA, &alpha, d_B, matrix_size.uiWB, d_A, matrix_size.uiWA, &beta, d_C, matrix_size.uiWB));
// Allocate CUDA events that we'll use for timing
checkCudaErrors(cudaEventCreate(&start));
checkCudaErrors(cudaEventCreate(&stop));
// Record the start event
checkCudaErrors(cudaEventRecord(start, NULL));
for (int j = 0; j < nIter; j++)
{
//note cublas is column primary!
//need to transpose the order
checkCudaErrors(cublasSgemm(handle, CUBLAS_OP_N, CUBLAS_OP_N, matrix_size.uiWB, matrix_size.uiHA, matrix_size.uiWA, &alpha, d_B, matrix_size.uiWB, d_A, matrix_size.uiWA, &beta, d_C, matrix_size.uiWB));
}
printf("done.\n");
// Record the stop event
checkCudaErrors(cudaEventRecord(stop, NULL));
// Wait for the stop event to complete
checkCudaErrors(cudaEventSynchronize(stop));
float msecTotal = 0.0f;
checkCudaErrors(cudaEventElapsedTime(&msecTotal, start, stop));
// Compute and print the performance
float msecPerMatrixMul = msecTotal / nIter;
double flopsPerMatrixMul = 2.0 * (double)matrix_size.uiHC * (double)matrix_size.uiWC * (double)matrix_size.uiHB;
double gigaFlops = (flopsPerMatrixMul * 1.0e-9f) / (msecPerMatrixMul / 1000.0f);
printf(
"Performance= %.2f GFlop/s, Time= %.3f msec, Size= %.0f Ops\n",
gigaFlops,
msecPerMatrixMul,
flopsPerMatrixMul);
// copy result from device to host
checkCudaErrors(cudaMemcpy(h_CUBLAS, d_C, mem_size_C, cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost));
// Destroy the handle
checkCudaErrors(cublasDestroy(handle));
}
// compute reference solution
printf("Computing result using host CPU...");
float *reference = (float *)malloc(mem_size_C);
matrixMulCPU(reference, h_A, h_B, matrix_size.uiHA, matrix_size.uiWA, matrix_size.uiWB);
printf("done.\n");
// check result (CUBLAS)
bool resCUBLAS = sdkCompareL2fe(reference, h_CUBLAS, size_C, 1.0e-6f);
if (resCUBLAS != true)
{
printDiff(reference, h_CUBLAS, matrix_size.uiWC, matrix_size.uiHC, 100, 1.0e-5f);
}
printf("Comparing CUBLAS Matrix Multiply with CPU results: %s\n", (true == resCUBLAS) ? "PASS" : "FAIL");
printf("\nNOTE: The CUDA Samples are not meant for performance measurements. Results may vary when GPU Boost is enabled.\n");
// clean up memory
free(h_A);
free(h_B);
free(h_C);
free(reference);
checkCudaErrors(cudaFree(d_A));
checkCudaErrors(cudaFree(d_B));
checkCudaErrors(cudaFree(d_C));
if (resCUBLAS == true)
{
return EXIT_SUCCESS; // return value = 1
}
else
{
return EXIT_FAILURE; // return value = 0
}
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Program main
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
printf("[Matrix Multiply CUBLAS] - Starting...\n");
int devID = 0, sizeMult = 5;
sMatrixSize matrix_size;
initializeCUDA(argc, argv, devID, sizeMult, matrix_size);
int matrix_result = matrixMultiply(argc, argv, devID, matrix_size);
return matrix_result;
}