ElasticSearch在7.17版本之前使用的java客户端是Java REST Client,但是从7.17版本开始,官方将Java REST Client标记为弃用(deprecated),推荐使用新版Java Client。
本文介绍新版ElasticSearch Java Client的基本用法。
具体的代码参照 示例项目 https://github.com/qihaiyan/springcamp/tree/master/elasticsearch-javaclient
Elasticsearch 7.17 版本新增的Java API Client具有以下优点:
在项目的gradle或maven中增加依赖关系。
Gradle:
dependencies {
implementation 'co.elastic.clients:elasticsearch-java:8.1.2'
implementation 'com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:2.12.3'
// Needed only if you use the spring-dependency-management
// and spring-boot Gradle plugins
implementation 'jakarta.json:jakarta.json-api:2.0.1'
}
Maven:
<project>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>co.elastic.clientsgroupId>
<artifactId>elasticsearch-javaartifactId>
<version>8.1.2version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.coregroupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databindartifactId>
<version>2.12.3version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jakarta.jsongroupId>
<artifactId>jakarta.json-apiartifactId>
<version>2.0.1version>
dependency>
dependencies>
project>
jakarta.json这个包的引入是为了解决springboot项目的兼容性问题,详见官方文档
Java API Client包含三部分:
RestClient restClient = RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost", 9200)).build();
ElasticsearchTransport transport = new RestClientTransport(restClient, new JacksonJsonpMapper());
elasticsearchClient = new ElasticsearchClient(transport);
1.保存数据,通过Java Client的自动序列化能力,我们可以直接把对象传递给Java Client,无需再手动处理ElasticSearch中json数据的序列化。
DemoDomain record = new DemoDomain();
record.setId("1");
record.setName("test");
IndexRequest<DemoDomain> indexRequest = IndexRequest.of(b -> b
.index(MY_INDEX)
.id(record.getId())
.document(record)
.refresh(Refresh.True)); // Make it visible for search
elasticsearchClient.index(indexRequest);
2.查询所有数据,同样json数据的反序列化也有Java Client自动处理,同时函数式编程使得代码很简洁。
SearchRequest searchRequest = SearchRequest.of(s -> s
.index(MY_INDEX)
.query(q -> q
.bool(b -> b
.must(m -> m.term(t -> t.field("name").value(FieldValue.of("test"))))
)
));
SearchResponse<DemoDomain> search = elasticsearchClient.search(searchRequest, DemoDomain.class);
return search.hits().hits().stream().map(Hit::source).toList();
3.查询单个数据,在查询条件中指定id条件可以精确查询单条记录。
SearchRequest searchRequest = SearchRequest.of(s -> s
.index(MY_INDEX)
.query(q -> q
.bool(b -> b
.must(m -> m.term(
t -> t.field("id").value(FieldValue.of("1"))))
.must(m -> m.term(
t -> t.field("name").value(FieldValue.of("test"))))
)
));
SearchResponse<DemoDomain> search = elasticsearchClient.search(searchRequest, DemoDomain.class);
return search.hits().hits().get(0).source();
4.删除单个数据,通过DeleteRequest可以删除指定的id的记录。
DeleteRequest deleteRequest = DeleteRequest.of(s -> s
.index(MY_INDEX)
.id(id));
elasticsearchClient.delete(deleteRequest);
5.删除查找到的数据,将查询操作和删除操作合并到一起。
SearchRequest searchRequest = SearchRequest.of(s -> s
.index(MY_INDEX)
.query(q -> q
.bool(b -> b
.must(m -> m.term(
t -> t.field("name").value(FieldValue.of("test"))))
)
));
SearchResponse<DemoDomain> search = elasticsearchClient.search(searchRequest, DemoDomain.class);
elasticsearchClient.search(searchRequest, DemoDomain.class).hits().hits().forEach(record -> {
DeleteRequest deleteRequest = DeleteRequest.of(s -> s
.index(MY_INDEX)
.id(record.source().getId()));
try {
elasticsearchClient.delete(deleteRequest);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
});