k8s-kubeadm和Harbor私有仓库部署

部署k8s-kubeadm

文章目录

  • 环境准备
  • 需求:
  • 环境部署
  • 部署K8S集群
  • //设定kubectl
  • //所有节点部署网络插件flannel
  • //测试 pod 资源创建
  • 部署 Dashboard
  • 安装Harbor私有仓库

环境准备

主机 IP 组件
master 192.168.100.135 docker、kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl、flannel
node01 192.168.100.142 docker、kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl、flannel
node02 192.168.100.140 docker、kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl、flannel
Harbor节点 192.168.100.141 docker、docker-compose、harbor-offline-v1.2.2

需求:

1、在所有节点上安装Docker和kubeadm
2、部署Kubernetes Master
3、部署容器网络插件
4、部署 Kubernetes Node,将节点加入Kubernetes集群中
5、部署 Dashboard Web 页面,可视化查看Kubernetes资源
6、部署 Harbor 私有仓库,存放镜像资源

环境部署

//所有节点,关闭防火墙规则,关闭selinux,关闭swap交换

systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0
iptables -F && iptables -t nat -F && iptables -t mangle -F && iptables -X

swapoff -a						#交换分区必须要关闭
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab		#永久关闭swap分区,&符号在sed命令中代表上次匹配的结果

#加载 ip_vs 模块
for i in $(ls /usr/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/net/netfilter/ipvs|grep -o "^[^.]*");do echo $i; /sbin/modinfo -F filename $i >/dev/null 2>&1 && /sbin/modprobe $i;done

//修改主机名

hostnamectl set-hostname master01
hostnamectl set-hostname node01
hostnamectl set-hostname node02

//所有节点修改hosts文件

vim /etc/hosts
192.168.100.135 master01
192.168.100.142 node01
192.168.100.141 node02

//调整内核参数

cat > /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf << EOF
#开启网桥模式,可将网桥的流量传递给iptables链
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
#关闭ipv6协议
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
EOF

//生效参数

sysctl --system  

所有节点安装docker

yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo 
yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

mkdir /etc/docker
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <

所有节点安装kubeadm,kubelet和kubectl

//定义kubernetes源
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF

yum install -y kubelet-1.20.11 kubeadm-1.20.11 kubectl-1.20.11

//开机自启kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet.service
#K8S通过kubeadm安装出来以后都是以Pod方式存在,即底层是以容器方式运行,所以kubelet必须设置开机自启

部署K8S集群

//查看初始化需要的镜像

kubeadm config images list

//在 master 节点上传 v1.20.11.zip 压缩包至 /opt 目录

unzip v1.20.11.zip -d /opt/k8s
cd /opt/k8s/v1.20.11
for i in $(ls *.tar); do docker load -i $i; done

//复制镜像和脚本到 node 节点,并在 node 节点上执行脚本加载镜像文件

scp -r /opt/k8s root@node01:/opt
scp -r /opt/k8s root@node02:/opt

//初始化kubeadm

kubeadm config print init-defaults > /opt/kubeadm-config.yaml

cd /opt/
vim kubeadm-config.yaml
......
11 localAPIEndpoint:
12   advertiseAddress: 192.168.100.135		#指定master节点的IP地址
13   bindPort: 6443
......
34 kubernetesVersion: v1.20.11				#指定kubernetes版本号
35 networking:
36   dnsDomain: cluster.local
37   podSubnet: "10.244.0.0/16"				#指定pod网段,10.244.0.0/16用于匹配flannel默认网段
38   serviceSubnet: 10.96.0.0/16			#指定service网段
39 scheduler: {}
#末尾再添加以下内容
--- 
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
mode: ipvs									#把默认的kube-proxy调度方式改为ipvs模式

kubeadm init --config=kubeadm-config.yaml --upload-certs | tee kubeadm-init.log
#--experimental-upload-certs 参数可以在后续执行加入节点时自动分发证书文件,k8sV1.16版本开始替换为 --upload-certs
#tee kubeadm-init.log 用以输出日志

//查看 kubeadm-init 日志
less kubeadm-init.log

//kubernetes配置文件目录
ls /etc/kubernetes/

//存放ca等证书和密码的目录
ls /etc/kubernetes/pki		

//设定kubectl

kubectl需经由API server认证及授权后方能执行相应的管理操作,kubeadm 部署的集群为其生成了一个具有管理员权限的认证配置文件 /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf,它可由 kubectl 通过默认的 “$HOME/.kube/config” 的路径进行加载。

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

//此时 kubectl get cs 发现集群不健康,更改以下两个文件

vim /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml 
vim /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml

k8s-kubeadm和Harbor私有仓库部署_第1张图片

//所有节点部署网络插件flannel

//所有节点上传flannel镜像 flannel.tar 到 /opt 目录,master节点上传 kube-flannel.yml 文件
cd /opt
docker load < flannel.tar

//在 master 节点创建 flannel 资源
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml 

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml


//在 node 节点上执行 kubeadm join 命令加入群集
kubeadm join 192.168.80.10:6443 --token rc0kfs.a1sfe3gl4dvopck5 \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:864fe553c812df2af262b406b707db68b0fd450dc08b34efb73dd5a4771d37a2

//在master节点查看节点状态

kubectl get nodes

kubectl get pods -n kube-system
NAME                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
coredns-bccdc95cf-c9w6l          1/1     Running   0          71m
coredns-bccdc95cf-nql5j          1/1     Running   0          71m
etcd-master                      1/1     Running   0          71m
kube-apiserver-master            1/1     Running   0          70m
kube-controller-manager-master   1/1     Running   0          70m
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-kfhwf      1/1     Running   0          2m53s
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-qkdfh      1/1     Running   0          46m
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-vffxv      1/1     Running   0          2m56s
kube-proxy-558p8                 1/1     Running   0          2m53s
kube-proxy-nwd7g                 1/1     Running   0          2m56s
kube-proxy-qpz8t                 1/1     Running   0          71m
kube-scheduler-master            1/1     Running   0          70m

//测试 pod 资源创建

kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx

//暴露端口提供服务
kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort

kubectl get svc
NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1              443/TCP        25h
nginx        NodePort    10.96.15.132           80:32698/TCP   4s

//测试访问
curl http://node01:32698

//扩展3个副本
kubectl scale deployment nginx --replicas=3
kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME                     READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP           NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
nginx-554b9c67f9-9kh4s   1/1     Running   0          66s   10.244.1.3   node01              
nginx-554b9c67f9-rv77q   1/1     Running   0          66s   10.244.2.2   node02              
nginx-554b9c67f9-zr2xs   1/1     Running   0          17m   10.244.1.2   node01              

k8s-kubeadm和Harbor私有仓库部署_第2张图片

部署 Dashboard

//在 master01 节点上操作
#上传 recommended.yaml 文件到 /opt/k8s 目录中
cd /opt/k8s
vim recommended.yaml
#默认Dashboard只能集群内部访问,修改Service为NodePort类型,暴露到外部:
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
      nodePort: 30001     #添加
  type: NodePort          #添加
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
	
kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml

#创建service account并绑定默认cluster-admin管理员集群角色
kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system
kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin
kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk '/dashboard-admin/{print $1}')

#使用输出的token登录Dashboard
https://NodeIP:30001

k8s-kubeadm和Harbor私有仓库部署_第3张图片

安装Harbor私有仓库

环境准备

//修改主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname hub.kgc.com

//所有节点加上主机名映射
echo '192.168.100.141 hub.kgc.com' >> /etc/hosts

//安装 docker
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo 
yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

mkdir /etc/docker
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <

//所有 node 节点都修改 docker 配置文件,加上私有仓库配置

cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <

//安装 Harbor
//上传 harbor-offline-installer-v1.2.2.tgz 和 docker-compose 文件到 /opt 目录

cd /opt
cp docker-compose /usr/local/bin/
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

tar zxvf harbor-offline-installer-v1.2.2.tgz
cd harbor/
vim harbor.cfg
5  hostname = hub.kgc.com
9  ui_url_protocol = https
24 ssl_cert = /data/cert/server.crt
25 ssl_cert_key = /data/cert/server.key
59 harbor_admin_password = Harbor12345

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-KQZ5Kckk-1649159008792)(C:\Users\zhuquanhao\Desktop\截图命令集合\linux\k8s\k8s-kubeadmin部署\14.bmp)]

证书生成

//生成证书
mkdir -p /data/cert
cd /data/cert
#生成私钥
openssl genrsa -des3 -out server.key 2048
输入两遍密码:123456

#生成证书签名请求文件
openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr
输入私钥密码:123456
输入国家名:CN
输入省名:BJ
输入市名:BJ
输入组织名:KGC
输入机构名:KGC
输入域名:hub.kgc.com
输入管理员邮箱:[email protected]
其它全部直接回车

#备份私钥
cp server.key server.key.org

#清除私钥密码
openssl rsa -in server.key.org -out server.key
输入私钥密码:123456

#签名证书
openssl x509 -req -days 1000 -in server.csr -signkey server.key -out server.crt

chmod +x /data/cert/*

cd /opt/harbor/
./install.sh
浏览器访问:https://hub.kgc.com
用户名:admin
密码:Harbor12345

//在一个node节点上登录harbor
docker login -u admin -p Harbor12345 https://hub.kgc.com

//上传镜像
docker tag nginx:latest hub.kgc.com/library/nginx:v1
docker push hub.kgc.com/library/nginx:v1

//在master节点上删除之前创建的nginx资源

kubectl delete deployment nginx

kubectl run nginx-deployment --image=hub.kgc.com/library/nginx:v1 --port=80 --replicas=3

kubectl expose deployment nginx-deployment --port=30000 --target-port=80
kubectl get svc,pods
NAME                       TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)     AGE
service/kubernetes         ClusterIP   10.96.0.1               443/TCP     10m
service/nginx-deployment   ClusterIP   10.96.222.161           30000/TCP   3m15s

NAME                                    READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod/nginx-deployment-77bcbfbfdc-bv5bz   1/1     Running   0          16s
pod/nginx-deployment-77bcbfbfdc-fq8wr   1/1     Running   0          16s
pod/nginx-deployment-77bcbfbfdc-xrg45   1/1     Running   0          3m39s


yum install ipvsadm -y
ipvsadm -Ln

curl 10.96.222.161:30000


kubectl edit svc nginx-deployment
25   type: NodePort						#把调度策略改成NodePort

kubectl get svc
NAME                       TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)           AGE
service/kubernetes         ClusterIP   10.96.0.1               443/TCP           29m
service/nginx-deployment   NodePort    10.96.222.161           30000:32340/TCP   22m

浏览器访问:
192.168.80.10:32340
192.168.80.11:32340
192.168.80.12:32340
########### 内核参数优化方案 ##########
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf <

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