k8s-kubeadm和Harbor私有仓库部署
部署k8s-kubeadm
文章目录
- 环境准备
- 需求：
- 环境部署
- 部署K8S集群
- //设定kubectl
- //所有节点部署网络插件flannel
- //测试 pod 资源创建
- 部署 Dashboard
- 安装Harbor私有仓库
环境准备
| 主机 | IP | 组件 |
|---|---|---|
| master | 192.168.100.135 | docker、kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl、flannel |
| node01 | 192.168.100.142 | docker、kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl、flannel |
| node02 | 192.168.100.140 | docker、kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl、flannel |
| Harbor节点 | 192.168.100.141 | docker、docker-compose、harbor-offline-v1.2.2 |
需求：
1、在所有节点上安装Docker和kubeadm
2、部署Kubernetes Master
3、部署容器网络插件
4、部署 Kubernetes Node，将节点加入Kubernetes集群中
5、部署 Dashboard Web 页面，可视化查看Kubernetes资源
6、部署 Harbor 私有仓库，存放镜像资源
环境部署
//所有节点，关闭防火墙规则，关闭selinux，关闭swap交换
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0
iptables -F && iptables -t nat -F && iptables -t mangle -F && iptables -X
swapoff -a #交换分区必须要关闭
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab #永久关闭swap分区，&符号在sed命令中代表上次匹配的结果
#加载 ip_vs 模块
for i in $(ls /usr/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/net/netfilter/ipvs|grep -o "^[^.]*");do echo $i; /sbin/modinfo -F filename $i >/dev/null 2>&1 && /sbin/modprobe $i;done
//修改主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname master01
hostnamectl set-hostname node01
hostnamectl set-hostname node02
//所有节点修改hosts文件
vim /etc/hosts
192.168.100.135 master01
192.168.100.142 node01
192.168.100.141 node02
//调整内核参数
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf << EOF
#开启网桥模式，可将网桥的流量传递给iptables链
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
#关闭ipv6协议
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
EOF
//生效参数
sysctl --system
所有节点安装docker
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
mkdir /etc/docker
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <所有节点安装kubeadm，kubelet和kubectl
//定义kubernetes源
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
yum install -y kubelet-1.20.11 kubeadm-1.20.11 kubectl-1.20.11
//开机自启kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet.service
#K8S通过kubeadm安装出来以后都是以Pod方式存在，即底层是以容器方式运行，所以kubelet必须设置开机自启
部署K8S集群
//查看初始化需要的镜像
kubeadm config images list
//在 master 节点上传 v1.20.11.zip 压缩包至 /opt 目录
unzip v1.20.11.zip -d /opt/k8s
cd /opt/k8s/v1.20.11
for i in $(ls *.tar); do docker load -i $i; done
//复制镜像和脚本到 node 节点，并在 node 节点上执行脚本加载镜像文件
scp -r /opt/k8s root@node01:/opt
scp -r /opt/k8s root@node02:/opt
//初始化kubeadm
kubeadm config print init-defaults > /opt/kubeadm-config.yaml
cd /opt/
vim kubeadm-config.yaml
......
11 localAPIEndpoint:
12 advertiseAddress: 192.168.100.135 #指定master节点的IP地址
13 bindPort: 6443
......
34 kubernetesVersion: v1.20.11 #指定kubernetes版本号
35 networking:
36 dnsDomain: cluster.local
37 podSubnet: "10.244.0.0/16" #指定pod网段，10.244.0.0/16用于匹配flannel默认网段
38 serviceSubnet: 10.96.0.0/16 #指定service网段
39 scheduler: {}
#末尾再添加以下内容
---
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
mode: ipvs #把默认的kube-proxy调度方式改为ipvs模式
kubeadm init --config=kubeadm-config.yaml --upload-certs | tee kubeadm-init.log
#--experimental-upload-certs 参数可以在后续执行加入节点时自动分发证书文件，k8sV1.16版本开始替换为 --upload-certs
#tee kubeadm-init.log 用以输出日志
//查看 kubeadm-init 日志
less kubeadm-init.log
//kubernetes配置文件目录
ls /etc/kubernetes/
//存放ca等证书和密码的目录
ls /etc/kubernetes/pki
//设定kubectl
kubectl需经由API server认证及授权后方能执行相应的管理操作，kubeadm 部署的集群为其生成了一个具有管理员权限的认证配置文件 /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf，它可由 kubectl 通过默认的 “$HOME/.kube/config” 的路径进行加载。
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
//此时 kubectl get cs 发现集群不健康，更改以下两个文件
vim /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml
vim /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml
//所有节点部署网络插件flannel
//所有节点上传flannel镜像 flannel.tar 到 /opt 目录，master节点上传 kube-flannel.yml 文件
cd /opt
docker load < flannel.tar
//在 master 节点创建 flannel 资源
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
//在 node 节点上执行 kubeadm join 命令加入群集
kubeadm join 192.168.80.10:6443 --token rc0kfs.a1sfe3gl4dvopck5 \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:864fe553c812df2af262b406b707db68b0fd450dc08b34efb73dd5a4771d37a2
//在master节点查看节点状态
kubectl get nodes
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
coredns-bccdc95cf-c9w6l 1/1 Running 0 71m
coredns-bccdc95cf-nql5j 1/1 Running 0 71m
etcd-master 1/1 Running 0 71m
kube-apiserver-master 1/1 Running 0 70m
kube-controller-manager-master 1/1 Running 0 70m
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-kfhwf 1/1 Running 0 2m53s
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-qkdfh 1/1 Running 0 46m
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-vffxv 1/1 Running 0 2m56s
kube-proxy-558p8 1/1 Running 0 2m53s
kube-proxy-nwd7g 1/1 Running 0 2m56s
kube-proxy-qpz8t 1/1 Running 0 71m
kube-scheduler-master 1/1 Running 0 70m
//测试 pod 资源创建
kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx
//暴露端口提供服务
kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort
kubectl get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 443/TCP 25h
nginx NodePort 10.96.15.132 80:32698/TCP 4s
//测试访问
curl http://node01:32698
//扩展3个副本
kubectl scale deployment nginx --replicas=3
kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
nginx-554b9c67f9-9kh4s 1/1 Running 0 66s 10.244.1.3 node01
nginx-554b9c67f9-rv77q 1/1 Running 0 66s 10.244.2.2 node02
nginx-554b9c67f9-zr2xs 1/1 Running 0 17m 10.244.1.2 node01
部署 Dashboard
//在 master01 节点上操作
#上传 recommended.yaml 文件到 /opt/k8s 目录中
cd /opt/k8s
vim recommended.yaml
#默认Dashboard只能集群内部访问，修改Service为NodePort类型，暴露到外部：
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
ports:
- port: 443
targetPort: 8443
nodePort: 30001 #添加
type: NodePort #添加
selector:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml
#创建service account并绑定默认cluster-admin管理员集群角色
kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system
kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin
kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk '/dashboard-admin/{print $1}')
#使用输出的token登录Dashboard
https://NodeIP:30001
安装Harbor私有仓库
环境准备
//修改主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname hub.kgc.com
//所有节点加上主机名映射
echo '192.168.100.141 hub.kgc.com' >> /etc/hosts
//安装 docker
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
mkdir /etc/docker
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <//所有 node 节点都修改 docker 配置文件，加上私有仓库配置
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <//安装 Harbor
//上传 harbor-offline-installer-v1.2.2.tgz 和 docker-compose 文件到 /opt 目录
cd /opt
cp docker-compose /usr/local/bin/
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
tar zxvf harbor-offline-installer-v1.2.2.tgz
cd harbor/
vim harbor.cfg
5 hostname = hub.kgc.com
9 ui_url_protocol = https
24 ssl_cert = /data/cert/server.crt
25 ssl_cert_key = /data/cert/server.key
59 harbor_admin_password = Harbor12345
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证书生成
//生成证书
mkdir -p /data/cert
cd /data/cert
#生成私钥
openssl genrsa -des3 -out server.key 2048
输入两遍密码：123456
#生成证书签名请求文件
openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr
输入私钥密码：123456
输入国家名：CN
输入省名：BJ
输入市名：BJ
输入组织名：KGC
输入机构名：KGC
输入域名：hub.kgc.com
输入管理员邮箱：[email protected]
其它全部直接回车
#备份私钥
cp server.key server.key.org
#清除私钥密码
openssl rsa -in server.key.org -out server.key
输入私钥密码：123456
#签名证书
openssl x509 -req -days 1000 -in server.csr -signkey server.key -out server.crt
chmod +x /data/cert/*
cd /opt/harbor/
./install.sh
浏览器访问：https://hub.kgc.com
用户名：admin
密码：Harbor12345
//在一个node节点上登录harbor
docker login -u admin -p Harbor12345 https://hub.kgc.com
//上传镜像
docker tag nginx:latest hub.kgc.com/library/nginx:v1
docker push hub.kgc.com/library/nginx:v1
//在master节点上删除之前创建的nginx资源
kubectl delete deployment nginx
kubectl run nginx-deployment --image=hub.kgc.com/library/nginx:v1 --port=80 --replicas=3
kubectl expose deployment nginx-deployment --port=30000 --target-port=80
kubectl get svc,pods
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 443/TCP 10m
service/nginx-deployment ClusterIP 10.96.222.161 30000/TCP 3m15s
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod/nginx-deployment-77bcbfbfdc-bv5bz 1/1 Running 0 16s
pod/nginx-deployment-77bcbfbfdc-fq8wr 1/1 Running 0 16s
pod/nginx-deployment-77bcbfbfdc-xrg45 1/1 Running 0 3m39s
yum install ipvsadm -y
ipvsadm -Ln
curl 10.96.222.161:30000
kubectl edit svc nginx-deployment
25 type: NodePort #把调度策略改成NodePort
kubectl get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 443/TCP 29m
service/nginx-deployment NodePort 10.96.222.161 30000:32340/TCP 22m
浏览器访问：
192.168.80.10:32340
192.168.80.11:32340
192.168.80.12:32340
########### 内核参数优化方案 ##########
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf <