yum安装软件报错:Invalid configuration value: failovermethod=priority...
错误一:
Invalid configuration value: failovermethod=priority in /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo; Configuration: OptionBinding with id "failovermethod" does not exist
CentOS Linux 8 - AppStream 6.3 kB/s | 2.3 kB 00:00
Errors during downloading metadata for repository 'appstream':
- Status code: 404 for http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/8/AppStream/x86_64/os/repodata/repomd.xml (IP: 100.100.2.148)
Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'appstream': Cannot download repomd.xml: Cannot download repodata/repomd.xml: All mirrors were tried当前环境为:
[root@iZ2vc5xk901ftf2vfscwc1Z yum.repos.d]# uname -srm
Linux 4.18.0-348.2.1.el8_5.x86_64 x86_64
CentOS版本为:
[root@iZ2vc5xk901ftf2vfscwc1Z yum.repos.d]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 8.5.2111解决办法:
1.找到CentOS相关目录,备份CentOS-AppStream,CentOS-Base文件,一般CentOS目录在/etc/yum.repos.d文件夹下,如下:
备份:
cp CentOS-Linux-AppStream.repo CentOS-Linux-AppStream.repo1
cp CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo1
2.编辑文件CentOS-Linux-AppStream.repo,CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo进行字符串替换:
vi CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo
# esc 键盘 ： 命令模式下执行：
%s/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/mirrors.aliyun.com/g
# 继续执行:
%s/$releasever/$releasever-stream/g
vi CentOS-Linux-AppStream.repo
# esc 键盘 ： 命令模式下执行：
%s/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/mirrors.aliyun.com/g
# 继续执行:
%s/$releasever/$releasever-stream/g3.执行命令:
yum makecache
yum update命令执行效果:
[root@iZ2vc5xk901ftf2vfscwc1Z yum.repos.d]# yum update
Invalid configuration value: failovermethod=priority in /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Linux-epel.repo; Configuration: OptionBinding with id "failovermethod" does not exist
Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:22 ago on Wed 09 Mar 2022 10:20:01 AM CST.
Error:
Problem: package centos-stream-release-8.6-1.el8.noarch requires centos-stream-repos, but none of the providers can be installed
- package centos-linux-repos-8-3.el8.noarch conflicts with centos-repos(8) provided by centos-stream-repos-8-2.el8.noarch
- package centos-stream-repos-8-2.el8.noarch conflicts with centos-repos(8) provided by centos-linux-repos-8-3.el8.noarch
- package centos-linux-repos-8-3.el8.noarch conflicts with centos-repos(8) provided by centos-stream-repos-8-3.el8.noarch
- package centos-stream-repos-8-3.el8.noarch conflicts with centos-repos(8) provided by centos-linux-repos-8-3.el8.noarch
- package centos-linux-repos-8-3.el8.noarch conflicts with centos-repos(8) provided by centos-stream-repos-8-4.el8.noarch
- package centos-stream-repos-8-4.el8.noarch conflicts with centos-repos(8) provided by centos-linux-repos-8-3.el8.noarch
- cannot install the best update candidate for package centos-linux-release-8.5-1.2111.el8.noarch
- problem with installed package centos-linux-repos-8-3.el8.noarch
(try to add '--allowerasing' to command line to replace conflicting packages or '--skip-broken' to skip uninstallable packages or '--nobest' to use not only best candidate packages)
再次执行命令yum install *expect*,结果如下:
[root@iZ2vc5xk901ftf2vfscwc1Z yum.repos.d]# yum install *expect*
Invalid configuration value: failovermethod=priority in /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Linux-epel.repo; Configuration: OptionBinding with id "failovermethod" does not exist
Last metadata expiration check: 0:07:00 ago on Wed 09 Mar 2022 10:20:01 AM CST.
Package python3-pexpect-4.3.1-3.el8.noarch is already installed.
Dependencies resolved.
===========================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
===========================================================================================================
Installing:
expect x86_64 5.45.4-5.el8 baseos 267 k
python3-aexpect noarch 1.6.2-1.el8 epel 93 k
Installing dependencies:
tcl x86_64 1:8.6.8-2.el8 baseos 1.1 M
Transaction Summary
===========================================================================================================
Install 3 Packages
Total download size: 1.5 M
Installed size: 5.2 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/3): python3-aexpect-1.6.2-1.el8.noarch.rpm 467 kB/s | 93 kB 00:00
(2/3): expect-5.45.4-5.el8.x86_64.rpm 282 kB/s | 267 kB 00:00
(3/3): tcl-8.6.8-2.el8.x86_64.rpm 351 kB/s | 1.1 MB 00:03
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 461 kB/s | 1.5 MB 00:03
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : tcl-1:8.6.8-2.el8.x86_64 1/3
Running scriptlet: tcl-1:8.6.8-2.el8.x86_64 1/3
Installing : expect-5.45.4-5.el8.x86_64 2/3
Installing : python3-aexpect-1.6.2-1.el8.noarch 3/3
Running scriptlet: python3-aexpect-1.6.2-1.el8.noarch 3/3
Verifying : expect-5.45.4-5.el8.x86_64 1/3
Verifying : tcl-1:8.6.8-2.el8.x86_64 2/3
Verifying : python3-aexpect-1.6.2-1.el8.noarch 3/3
Installed:
expect-5.45.4-5.el8.x86_64 python3-aexpect-1.6.2-1.el8.noarch tcl-1:8.6.8-2.el8.x86_64
Complete!
oK,可以进行yum安装啦.
注意：实际使用中如果没有 CentOS-AppStream.repo相关文件， 则不对其进行操作
eg:安装git:
[root@iZ2vc5xk901ftf2vfscwc1Z yum.repos.d]# yum -y install git
Invalid configuration value: failovermethod=priority in /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Linux-epel.repo; Configuration: OptionBinding with id "failovermethod" does not exist
Last metadata expiration check: 0:07:51 ago on Wed 09 Mar 2022 10:20:01 AM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
===========================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
===========================================================================================================
Installing:
git x86_64 2.31.1-2.el8 appstream 161 k
Installing dependencies:
git-core x86_64 2.31.1-2.el8 appstream 4.7 M
git-core-doc noarch 2.31.1-2.el8 appstream 2.6 M
perl-Error noarch 1:0.17025-2.el8 appstream 46 k
perl-Git noarch 2.31.1-2.el8 appstream 78 k
perl-TermReadKey x86_64 2.37-7.el8 appstream 40 k
Transaction Summary
===========================================================================================================
Install 6 Packages
Total download size: 7.7 M
Installed size: 38 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/6): git-2.31.1-2.el8.x86_64.rpm 299 kB/s | 161 kB 00:00
(2/6): perl-Error-0.17025-2.el8.noarch.rpm 185 kB/s | 46 kB 00:00
(3/6): perl-Git-2.31.1-2.el8.noarch.rpm 290 kB/s | 78 kB 00:00
(4/6): perl-TermReadKey-2.37-7.el8.x86_64.rpm 148 kB/s | 40 kB 00:00
(5/6): git-core-doc-2.31.1-2.el8.noarch.rpm 385 kB/s | 2.6 MB 00:07
(6/6): git-core-2.31.1-2.el8.x86_64.rpm 394 kB/s | 4.7 MB 00:12
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 640 kB/s | 7.7 MB 00:12
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : git-core-2.31.1-2.el8.x86_64 1/6
Installing : git-core-doc-2.31.1-2.el8.noarch 2/6
Installing : perl-TermReadKey-2.37-7.el8.x86_64 3/6
Installing : perl-Error-1:0.17025-2.el8.noarch 4/6
Installing : perl-Git-2.31.1-2.el8.noarch 5/6
Installing : git-2.31.1-2.el8.x86_64 6/6
Running scriptlet: git-2.31.1-2.el8.x86_64 6/6
Verifying : git-2.31.1-2.el8.x86_64 1/6
Verifying : git-core-2.31.1-2.el8.x86_64 2/6
Verifying : git-core-doc-2.31.1-2.el8.noarch 3/6
Verifying : perl-Error-1:0.17025-2.el8.noarch 4/6
Verifying : perl-Git-2.31.1-2.el8.noarch 5/6
Verifying : perl-TermReadKey-2.37-7.el8.x86_64 6/6
Installed:
git-2.31.1-2.el8.x86_64 git-core-2.31.1-2.el8.x86_64 git-core-doc-2.31.1-2.el8.noarch
perl-Error-1:0.17025-2.el8.noarch perl-Git-2.31.1-2.el8.noarch perl-TermReadKey-2.37-7.el8.x86_64
Complete!
[root@iZ2vc5xk901ftf2vfscwc1Z yum.repos.d]# git --version
git version 2.31.1
错误二:
Invalid configuration value: failovermethod=priority in /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Linux-epel.repo; Configuration: OptionBinding with id "failovermethod" does not exist
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
CentOS Linux 8 - AppStream 6.7 kB/s | 2.3 kB 00:00
Errors during downloading metadata for repository 'appstream':
- Status code: 404 for http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/8/AppStream/x86_64/os/repodata/repomd.xml (IP: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx)
Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'appstream': Cannot download repomd.xml: Cannot download repodata/repomd.xml: All mirrors were tried
解决方法
进入文件 /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Epel.repo，将 failovermethod=priority 注释:
ok, 这样也可以进行yum安装
错误三:
Errors during downloading metadata for repository 'appstream':
- Status code: 404 for http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/8/AppStream/x86_64/os/repodata/repomd.xml (IP: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx)
Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'appstream': Cannot download repomd.xml: Cannot download repodata/repomd.xml: All mirrors were tried这个错误的意思是: 为仓库 'base' 下载元数据失败
那么我们就要考虑是不是yum源的问题了,因为上面说了,我们的系统是CentOS Linux release 8.5.2111版本的,而CentOS 8操作系统版本结束了生命周期（EOL），Linux社区已不再维护该操作系统版本
背景信息
2021年12月31日CentOS 8 EOL。按照社区规则，CentOS 8的源地址
http://mirror.centos.org/centos/8/内容已移除，目前第三方的镜像站中均已移除CentOS 8的源。阿里云的源http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com和http://mirrors.aliyun.com也无法同步到CentOS 8的源。当您在阿里云上继续使用默认配置的CentOS 8的源会发生报错。报错示例如下图所示：
您可以通过下文的操作步骤，在CentOS 8操作系统的ECS实例中将源配置按照网络环境不同进行切换。
- yum源：专有网络VPC类型实例需切换为
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos-vault/8.5.2111源。- epel源：专有网络VPC类型实例需切换为
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/epel-archive/8/源
官方操作布置,如下:
- 登录CentOS 8系统的ECS实例
- 运行以下命令备份之前的repo文件。
rename '.repo' '.repo.bak' /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo - 运行以下命令下载最新的repo文件。
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-archive-8.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-archive-8.repo - 运行以下命令替换repo文件中的链接。
sed -i 's/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/url_tmp/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo && sed -i 's/mirrors.aliyun.com/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo && sed -i 's/url_tmp/mirrors.aliyun.com/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo sed -i 's/mirrors.aliyun.com/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-archive-8.repo - 运行以下命令重新创建缓存。
yum clean all && yum makecacheyum源和epel源切换完成后，即可使用yum install命令在实例上安装您所需要的软件包
跟着官方的步骤走下去，最后如果有报错，下面是正确解决流程:
1.进入/etc/yum.d.repos.d/,运行以下命令备份之前的repo文件
rename '.repo' '.repo.bak' /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo2.运行以下命令下载最新的repo文件:
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-archive-8.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-archive-8.repo3.运行以下命令替换repo文件中的链接，这一步出错了,官方提供的命令：
sed -i 's/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/url_tmp/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo && sed -i 's/mirrors.aliyun.com/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo && sed -i 's/url_tmp/mirrors.aliyun.com/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
sed -i 's/mirrors.aliyun.com/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-archive-8.repohttp://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com需要替换为http://mirrors.aliyun.com，但是官方提供的命令没替换完，如果有执行官方提供的命令还是不行的话执行下面的命令：
sed -i 's/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/mirrors.aliyun.com/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
sed -i 's/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/mirrors.aliyun.com/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-archive-8.repo
运行以下命令重新创建缓存
yum clean all && yum makecache执行成果，yum install也就可以正常使用了~