数据库实验 MySQL查询语句练习

设有一数据库,包括四个表:学生表(Student)、课程表(Course)、成绩表(Score)以及教师信息表(Teacher)。

四个表的结构分别如表1-1的表(一)~表(四)所示,数据如表1-2的表(一)~表(四)所示。用SQL语句创建四个表并完成相关题目。

表1-1数据库的表结构

表(一)Student (学生表)

属性名

数据类型

可否为空

Sno

varchar (20)

学号(主码)

Sname

varchar (20)

学生姓名

Ssex

varchar (20)

学生性别

Sbirthday

datetime

学生出生年月

Class

varchar (20)

学生所在班级

表(二)Course(课程表)

属性名

数据类型

可否为空

Cno

varchar (20)

课程号(主码)

Cname

varchar (20)

课程名称

Tno

varchar (20)

教工编号(外码)

表(三)Score(成绩表)

属性名

数据类型

可否为空

Sno

varchar (20)

学号(外码)

Cno

varchar (20)

课程号(外码)

Degree

Decimal(4,1)

成绩

表(四)Teacher(教师表)

属性名

数据类型

可否为空

 

Tno

varchar (20)

教工编号(主码)

Tname

varchar (20)

教工姓名

Tsex

varchar (20)

教工性别

Tbirthday

datetime

教工出生年月

Prof

varchar (20)

职称

Depart

varchar (20)

教工所在部门

表1-2数据库中的数据

表(一)Student

Sno

Sname

Ssex

Sbirthday

class

108

曾华

1997-09-01

95033

105

匡明

1995-10-02

95031

107

王丽

1996-01-23

95033

101

李军

1996-02-20

95033

109

王芳

1995-02-10

95031

103

陆君

1994-06-03

95031

表(二)Course

Cno

Cname

Tno

3-105

计算机导论

825

3-245

操作系统

804

6-166

数字电路

856

9-888

高等数学

831

表(三)Score

Sno

Cno

Degree

103

3-245

86

105

3-245

75

109

3-245

68

103

3-105

92

105

3-105

88

109

3-105

76

101

3-105

64

107

3-105

91

108

3-105

78

101

6-166

85

107

6-166

79

108

6-166

81

表(四)Teacher

Tno

Tname

Tsex

Tbirthday

Prof

Depart

804

李诚

1958-12-02

副教授

计算机系

856

张旭

1969-03-12

讲师

电子工程系

825

王萍

1972-05-05

助教

计算机系

831

刘冰

1977-08-14

助教

电子工程系

建表语句:

CREATE TABLE Student /*学生表*/
(Sno VARCHAR(20)PRIMARY KEY,
Sname VARCHAR(20)NOT NULL,
Ssex VARCHAR(20)NOT NULL,
Sbirthday DATETIME,
Class VARCHAR(20)
);

CREATE TABLE Teacher   /*教师表*/
(Tno VARCHAR(20)PRIMARY KEY,
Tname VARCHAR(20)NOT NULL,
Tsex VARCHAR(20)NOT NULL,
Tbirthday DATETIME,
Prof VARCHAR(20),
Depart VARCHAR(20)NOT NULL
);

CREATE TABLE Course   /*课程表*/
(Cno VARCHAR(20)PRIMARY KEY,
Cname VARCHAR(20)NOT NULL,
Tno VARCHAR(20)NOT NULL,
FOREIGN KEY(Tno)REFERENCES Teacher(Tno)
);

CREATE TABLE Score  /*成绩表*/
(Sno VARCHAR(20)NOT NULL,
Cno VARCHAR(20)NOT NULL,
Degree Decimal(4,1),
FOREIGN KEY(Sno)REFERENCES Student(Sno),
FOREIGN KEY(Cno)REFERENCES Course(Cno)
);

插入数据:

INSERT     /*插入Student数据*/
INTO Student(Sno,Sname,Ssex,Sbirthday,Class)
VALUES('108','曾华','男','1997-09-01','95033');
INSERT
INTO Student(Sno,Sname,Ssex,Sbirthday,Class)
VALUES('105','匡明','男','1995-10-02','95031');
INSERT
INTO Student(Sno,Sname,Ssex,Sbirthday,Class)
VALUES('107','王丽','女','1996-01-23','95033');
INSERT
INTO Student(Sno,Sname,Ssex,Sbirthday,Class)
VALUES('101','李军','男','1996-02-20','95033');
INSERT
INTO Student(Sno,Sname,Ssex,Sbirthday,Class)
VALUES('109','王芳','女','1995-02-10','95031');
INSERT
INTO Student(Sno,Sname,Ssex,Sbirthday,Class)
VALUES('103','陆君','男','1994-06-03','95031');

INSERT  /*插入Teacher数据*/
INTO Teacher(Tno,Tname,Tsex,Tbirthday,Prof,Depart)
VALUES('804','李诚','男','1958-12-02','副教授','计算机系');
INSERT
INTO Teacher(Tno,Tname,Tsex,Tbirthday,Prof,Depart)
VALUES('856','张旭','男','1958-12-02','讲师','电子工程系');
INSERT
INTO Teacher(Tno,Tname,Tsex,Tbirthday,Prof,Depart)
VALUES('825','王萍','女','1972-05-05','助教','计算机系');
INSERT
INTO Teacher(Tno,Tname,Tsex,Tbirthday,Prof,Depart)
VALUES('831','刘冰','女','1958-12-02','助教','电子工程系');


INSERT       /*插入Course数据*/
INTO Course(Cno,Cname,Tno)
VALUES('3-105','计算机导论','825');
INSERT
INTO Course(Cno,Cname,Tno)
VALUES('3-245','操作系统','804');
INSERT
INTO Course(Cno,Cname,Tno)
VALUES('6-166','数字电路','856');
INSERT
INTO Course(Cno,Cname,Tno)
VALUES('9-888','高等数学','831');

INSERT    /*插入Score数据*/
INTO Score(Sno,Cno,Degree)
VALUES('103','3-245','86');
INSERT
INTO Score(Sno,Cno,Degree)
VALUES('105','3-245','75');
INSERT
INTO Score(Sno,Cno,Degree)
VALUES('109','3-245','68');
INSERT
INTO Score(Sno,Cno,Degree)
VALUES('103','3-105','92');
INSERT
INTO Score(Sno,Cno,Degree)
VALUES('105','3-105','88');
INSERT
INTO Score(Sno,Cno,Degree)
VALUES('109','3-105','76');
INSERT
INTO Score(Sno,Cno,Degree)
VALUES('101','3-105','64');
INSERT
INTO Score(Sno,Cno,Degree)
VALUES('107','3-105','91');
INSERT
INTO Score(Sno,Cno,Degree)
VALUES('108','3-105','78');
INSERT
INTO Score(Sno,Cno,Degree)
VALUES('101','6-166','85');
INSERT
INTO Score(Sno,Cno,Degree)
VALUES('103','6-166','79');
INSERT
INTO Score(Sno,Cno,Degree)
VALUES('103','6-166','81');

查询问题:(共38题)

1、查询Student表中的所有记录的Sname、Ssex和Class列。

SELECT Sname,Ssex,Class
FROM Student;

2、查询教师所有的单位即不重复的Depart列。

SELECT DISTINCT Depart          /*distinct语句实现去重*/
FROM Teacher;

3、查询Score表中成绩在60到80之间的所有记录。

SELECT *FROM Score
WHERE Degree>=60 AND Degree<=80;

4、查询Score表中成绩为85,86或88的记录。

SELECT *FROM Score
WHERE Degree ='85' OR Degree ='86'OR Degree ='88';

5、Student表中“95031”班或性别为“女”的同学记录。

SELECT *FROM Student
WHERE Class='95031' OR Ssex='女';

6、以Class降序查询Student表的所有记录。

SELECT *FROM Student
ORDER BY Class DESC;       /*ASC升序,DESC降序;默认为升序*/

7、以Cno升序、Degree降序查询Score表的所有记录。

SELECT *FROM Score
ORDER BY Cno ASC,Degree DESC;

8、查询“95031”班的学生人数。

SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM Student
WHERE Class='95031';

9、查询Score表中的最高分的学生学号和课程号。

SELECT Sno,Cno
FROM Score
WHERE Degree = (SELECT MAX(Degree) FROM Score);

10、查询每门课的平均成绩。

SELECT Cno,AVG(Degree) FROM Score
GROUP BY Cno;

11、查询Score表中至少有5名学生选修的并以3开头的课程的平均分数。

SELECT Cno,AVG(Degree)
FROM Score
GROUP BY Cno
HAVING Cno like '3%' AND COUNT(*)>5;

12、查询所有学生的Sname、Cno和Degree列。

SELECT Sname,Cno,Degree
FROM Student,Score
WHERE Student.Sno=Score.Sno;

13、查询所有学生的Sname、Cname和Degree列。

SELECT Sname,Cname,Degree
FROM Student,Course,Score
WHERE Student.Sno=Score.Sno AND Course.Cno=Score.Cno;

14、查询“95033”班学生的平均分。

SELECT Cno,AVG(Degree) FROM Score
WHERE Sno in(Select Sno FROM Student
WHERE Class ='95033')
GROUP BY Cno;

15、查询选修“3-105”课程的成绩高于“109”号同学成绩的所有同学的记录。

SELECT *FROM Score
WHERE Cno='3-105' AND Degree>(SELECT Degree FROM Score
WHERE Sno='109' AND Cno='3-105');

16、查询至少有2名男生的班号。

SELECT COUNT(Ssex='男'),Class
FROM Student
GROUP BY CLASS
HAVING COUNT(Ssex='男')>=2;

17、查询Student表中不姓“王”的同学记录。

Select *FROM Student
WHERE Sname NOT LIKE '王%';

18、查询Student表中每个学生的姓名和年龄。

SELECT Sname,year(now())-year(sbirthday) as age
FROM Student;

19、查询Student表中最大和最小的Sbirthday日期值。

SELECT MAX(Sbirthday),MIN(Sbirthday)
FROM Student;

20、查询“男”教师及其所上的课程。

SELECT Tname,Cname
FROM Teacher,Course
WHERE Tsex='男' AND Course.Tno=Teacher.Tno; 

21、查询成绩高于学号为“109”、课程号为“3-105”的成绩的所有记录。

SELECT Degree
FROM Score
WHERE Degree>(SELECT Degree FROM Score
              WHERE Sno='109' and Cno='3-105');

22、查询和学号为107的同学同年出生的所有学生的Sno、Sname和Sbirthday列。

SELECT Sno,Sname,Sbirthday
FROM Student
WHERE year(Sbirthday)=(SELECT year(Sbirthday) FROM Student
                       WHERE Sno='107');

23、查询“张旭“教师任课的学生成绩。

SELECT *FROM Score
WHERE Cno=(SELECT Cno FROM Course
           WHERE Tno=(SELECT Tno FROM Teacher
                      WHERE Tname='张旭'));

24、查询选修某课程的同学人数多于5人的教师姓名。

SELECT Tname
FROM Teacher
WHERE Tno=(SELect Tno FROM Course
           WHERE Cno=(Select Cno FROM Score
                      GROUP BY Cno
                      HAVING COUNT(Sno)>5));

25、查询95033班和95031班全体学生的记录。

Select* FROM Student
GROUP BY Class
HAVING Class='95033' or Class='95031';

26、查询存在有85分以上成绩的课程Cno.

SELECT distinct Cno FROM Score
WHERE Degree>85;

27、查询出“计算机系“教师所教课程的成绩表。

SELECT *FROM Score
WHERE Cno in(SELECT Cno FROM Course
             WHERE Tno in(SELECT Tno FROM Teacher
                          WHERE Depart='计算机系')
             );

28、查询所有选修“计算机导论”课程的“男”同学的成绩表。

SELECT *FROM Score
WHERE Cno in(SELECT Cno FROM Coruse
             WHERE Cname='计算机导论')
AND Sno in(SELECT Sno From Student
           WHERE Ssex='男');

29、查询选修编号为“3-105“课程且成绩至少高于选修编号为“3-245”课程的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree,并按Degree从高到低次序排序。

SELECT Cno,Sno,Degree FROM Score
WHERE Cno='3-105' AND Degree>(SELECT Degree FROM Score
                              WHERE Cno='3-245')
ORDER BY Degree DESC;

30、查询所有教师和同学的name、sex和birthday.

SELECT Tname as name,Tsex as sex,Tbirthday as birthday
FROM Teacher
UNION
SELECT Sname as name,Ssex as sex,Sbirthday as birthday
FROM Student;

31、查询所有“女”教师和“女”同学的name、sex和birthday.

SELECT Tname AS name,Tsex AS sex,Tbirthday as birthday
FROM Teacher WHERE Tsex='女'
UNION
SELECT Sname as name,Ssex as sex,Sbirthday as birthday
FROM Student
WHERE Ssex='女';

32、查询和“李军”同性别的所有同学的Sname.

SELECT Sname FROM Student
WHERE Ssex=(SELECT Ssex FROM Student
            WHERE Sname='李军');

33、查询成绩比该课程平均成绩低的同学的成绩表。

SELECT A.* FROM Score
WHERE A.Degree<(SELECT AVG(Degree) FROM Score B
                WHERE A.Cno=B.Cno);

34、查询所有任课教师的Tname和Depart.

/*方法一*/
SELECT Tname,Depart FROM Teacher
WHERE Tno in(Select DISTINCT Tno From Course);

/*方法二*/
Select A.Tname,A.depart from Teacher A
Join Course B on A.Tno=B.Tno; 

35、查询所有未讲课的教师的Tname和Depart.

SELECT Tname,Depart FROM Teacher
WHERE Tno not in(SELECT DISTINCT Tno FROM Course);

36、查询最高分同学的Sno、Cno和Degree列。

SELECT Sno,Cno,Degree FROM Score A
WHERE Degree=(SELECT MAX(Degree) FROM Score B);

37、查询和“李军”同性别并同班的同学Sname.

SELECT Sname FROM Student
WHERE Ssex=(Select Ssex FROM Student
            WHERE Sname='李军')
AND Class=(SELECT Class FROM Student
           WHERE Sname='李军');

38、查询“计算机系”与“电子工程系“不同职称的教师的Tname和Prof。

  /*方法一*/
SELECT Tname,Prof From Teacher
Where Prof not in(SELECT Prof from Teacher
                  Where Depart='电子工程系'
and Prof in (Select Prof from Teacher
             where Depart='计算机系'))
And Depart in ('计算机系','电子工程系');

  /*方法二*/
SELECT Tname,Prof from Teacher
where Depart='计算机系'
and Prof not in(select Prof from teacher
                where Depart='电子工程系')
UNION
SELECT Tname,Prof from Teacher
where Depart='电子工程系'
AND Prof not in(Select Prof from teacher
                where depart='计算机系');

  /*方法三*/
SELECT Tname,Prof from Teacher A
where Prof not in(Select Prof from Teacher B
where Depart in('计算机系','电子工程系') and B.Depart != A.Depart);

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