用迁移虚拟机做个例子
1. 在另外一台有GUI 界面的机器export Ubuntu16.04.ova 文件
2. 在没有GUI 界面的机器导入ova 文件
# vboxmanage import /Path/To/Ubuntu16.04.ova
如果你想改变默认安装目录，在执行上面这句前执行
# vboxmanage setproperty machinefolder
3. 查看导入的 vms （导入的时候这个vms已经注册了，所以可以列出来）
# vboxmanage list vms
"Ubuntu16.04" {ab5688fc-44e1-4f7a-9746-d6e07e94e622}
Ubuntu16.04 是这个vms的名字
ab5688fc-44e1-4f7a-9746-d6e07e94e622 是这个vms的uuid
在下面的命令中，可以用vms的名字也可以用这个uuid
4. 修改虚拟机配置
如果你在有GUI界面机器设置一个网络接口是 Bridge 模式。这会绑定当前机器实际的网络接口。当你在新的环境执行，你需要修改这个配置，绑定你当前机器的一个网络接口
例子：
a) 查看当前的虚拟机配置
# vboxmanage showvminfo ab5688fc-44e1-4f7a-9746-d6e07e94e622
Name: Ubuntu16.04
Groups: /
Guest OS: Ubuntu (64-bit)
UUID: ab5688fc-44e1-4f7a-9746-d6e07e94e622
Config file: /work/Ubuntu16.04-VM2/Ubuntu16.04-VM2.vbox
Snapshot folder: /work/Ubuntu16.04-VM2/Snapshots
Log folder: /work/Ubuntu16.04-VM2/Logs
Hardware UUID: 92a884f4-89f5-4dd2-90cd-0f0904de5fff
Memory size: 2048MB
Page Fusion: off
VRAM size: 16MB
CPU exec cap: 100%
HPET: off
Chipset: piix3
Firmware: BIOS
Number of CPUs: 2
PAE: off
Long Mode: on
Triple Fault Reset: off
APIC: on
X2APIC: on
CPUID Portability Level: 0
CPUID overrides: None
Boot menu mode: message and menu
Boot Device (1): DVD
Boot Device (2): HardDisk
Boot Device (3): Not Assigned
Boot Device (4): Not Assigned
ACPI: on
IOAPIC: on
BIOS APIC mode: APIC
Time offset: 0ms
RTC: UTC
Hardw. virt.ext: on
Nested Paging: on
Large Pages: off
VT-x VPID: on
VT-x unr. exec.: on
Paravirt. Provider: Default
Effective Paravirt. Provider: KVM
State: powered off (since 2018-09-28T04:23:12.000000000)
Monitor count: 1
3D Acceleration: off
2D Video Acceleration: off
Teleporter Enabled: off
Teleporter Port: 0
Teleporter Address:
Teleporter Password:
Tracing Enabled: off
Allow Tracing to Access VM: off
Tracing Configuration:
Autostart Enabled: off
Autostart Delay: 0
Default Frontend:
Storage Controller Name (0): IDE
Storage Controller Type (0): PIIX4
Storage Controller Instance Number (0): 0
Storage Controller Max Port Count (0): 2
Storage Controller Port Count (0): 2
Storage Controller Bootable (0): on
Storage Controller Name (1): SATA
Storage Controller Type (1): IntelAhci
Storage Controller Instance Number (1): 0
Storage Controller Max Port Count (1): 30
Storage Controller Port Count (1): 1
Storage Controller Bootable (1): on
IDE (1, 0): Empty
SATA (0, 0): /work/Ubuntu16.04-VM2/Ubuntu16.04-VM2-disk001.vmdk (UUID: 51b0b7ed-09ec-49b7-9ed3-18d1a3547bd1)
NIC 1: MAC: 0800270C376E, Attachment: NAT, Cable connected: on, Trace: off (file: none), Type: 82540EM, Reported speed: 0 Mbps, Boot priority: 0, Promisc Policy: deny, Bandwidth group: none
NIC 1 Settings: MTU: 0, Socket (send: 64, receive: 64), TCP Window (send:64, receive: 64)
NIC 1 Rule(0): name = HTTP, protocol = tcp, host ip = , host port = 10081, guest ip = , guest port = 80
NIC 1 Rule(1): name = SSH, protocol = tcp, host ip = , host port = 10023, guest ip = , guest port = 22
NIC 2: MAC: 080027D2D77A, Attachment: Bridged Interface 'enp0s25', Cable connected: on, Trace: off (file: none), Type: 82540EM, Reported speed: 0 Mbps, Boot priority: 0, Promisc Policy: deny, Bandwidth group: none
NIC 3: disabled
NIC 4: disabled
NIC 5: disabled
NIC 6: disabled
NIC 7: disabled
NIC 8: disabled
Pointing Device: USB Tablet
Keyboard Device: PS/2 Keyboard
UART 1: disabled
UART 2: disabled
UART 3: disabled
UART 4: disabled
LPT 1: disabled
LPT 2: disabled
Audio: disabled
Clipboard Mode: disabled
Drag and drop Mode: disabled
VRDE: disabled
USB: enabled
EHCI: disabled
XHCI: disabled
USB Device Filters:
Bandwidth groups:
Shared folders:
Video capturing: not active
Capture screens: 0
Capture file: /work/Ubuntu16.04-VM2/Ubuntu16.04-VM2.webm
Capture dimensions: 1024x768
Capture rate: 512 kbps
Capture FPS: 25
Guest:
Configured memory balloon size: 0 MB
上面例子中设置了两个网络接口，Nic1 是 NAT 模式， Nic2 是 Bridge 模式。这里 Nic2 绑定的网络接口名字是 enp0s25. 下面我们改成当前机器的网络接口名字
# vboxmanage modifyvm --bridgeadapter2 enp2s0
根据需要，可以用 modifyvm 来调整当前的 vms 的配置
5. 启动虚拟机
# vboxmanage startvm ab5688fc-44e1-4f7a-9746-d6e07e94e622 --type headless
6. 关闭虚拟机
# vboxmanage controlvm ab5688fc-44e1-4f7a-9746-d6e07e94e622 poweroff