2023美赛春季赛加赛Y题赛题翻译思路代码 Understanding Used Sailboat Prices

双语翻译如下：
2023 MCM
2023百万立方米
Problem Y: Understanding Used Sailboat Prices
问题Y:了解二手帆船的价格

Like many luxury goods, sailboats vary in value as they age and as market conditions change. The attached “2023_MCM_Problem_Y_Boats.xlsx” file includes data on approximately 3500 sailboats from 36 to 56 feet long advertised for sale in Europe, the Caribbean, and the USA in December 2020. A boating enthusiast provided these data to COMAP. Like most real-world data sets, it may have missing data or other issues that require some data cleaning prior to analysis.
像许多奢侈品一样，帆船随着年龄的增长和市场条件的变化而价值不同。所附的“2023_MCM_Problem_Y_Boats.xlsx”文件包括大约3500艘帆船的数据，这些帆船的长度从36英尺到56英尺，广告显示将于2020年12月在欧洲、加勒比海和美国销售。一位划船爱好者向COMAP提供了这些数据。像大多数真实世界的数据集一样，它可能会有缺失数据或其他问题，需要在分析之前进行一些数据清理。

The Excel file includes two tabs, one for monohulled sailboats and one for catamarans. In each tab, columns are labeled Make, Variant, Length (in feet), Geographic Region, Country/Region/State, Listing Price (in US dollars), and Year (of manufacture).
Excel文件包括两个选项卡，一个用于单体帆船，一个用于双体船。在每个选项卡中，各列都标有品牌、型号、长度(英尺)、地理区域、国家/地区/州、标价(美元)和年份(制造年份)。

For a given make, variant, and year, there are many other sources beyond the provided Excel file that may provide detailed descriptions of the features of a particular sailboat. You may supplement the data set provided with any additional data you choose; however, you must include the data in “2023_MCM_Problem_Y_Boats.xlsx” in your modeling. Be sure to fully identify and document the source of any supplemental data used.
对于给定的品牌、型号和年份，除了所提供的Excel文件之外，还有许多其他来源可以提供特定帆船特征的详细描述。您可以用您选择的任何附加数据来补充所提供的数据集；但是，您必须在建模中包括“2023_MCM_Problem_Y_Boats.xlsx”中的数据。确保完全识别和记录所使用的任何补充数据的来源。

Sailboats are frequently sold through brokers. In a desire to better understand the sailboat market, one sailboat broker in Hong Kong (SAR), China has commissioned your team to prepare a report on the pricing of used sailboats. The broker would like you to:
帆船经常通过经纪人出售。为了更好地了解帆船市场，中国香港的一家帆船经纪人委托您的团队准备一份关于二手帆船定价的报告。经纪人希望您:

Develop a mathematical model that explains the listing price of each of the sailboats in the provided spreadsheet. Include any predictors you consider useful. You may draw on other sources to understand additional features of a given sailboat (such as beam, draft, displacement, rigging, sail area, hull materials, engine hours, sleeping capacity, headroom, electronics, etc.) and for economic data by year and region. Identify and describe all sources of data used. Include a discussion of the precision of your estimate for each sailboat variant’s price.
开发一个数学模型，解释所提供的电子表格中每艘帆船的标价。包括任何你认为有用的预测。你可以利用其他资源来了解一艘特定帆船的其他特征(如横梁、吃水深度、排水量、索具、帆面积、船体材料、发动机时间、睡眠容量、净空高度、电子设备等)。)以及按年份和地区分列的经济数据。识别并描述所有使用的数据来源。包括讨论你对每种帆船价格的估计的精确度。

Use your model to explain the effect, if any, of region on listing prices. Discuss whether any regional effect is consistent across all sailboat variants. Address the practical and statistical significance of any regional effects noted.
用你的模型解释地区对标价的影响，如果有的话。讨论区域效应是否在所有不同的帆船上都是一致的。说明任何注意到的区域效应的实际意义和统计意义。

Discuss how your modeling of the given geographic regions can be useful in the Hong Kong (SAR) market. Choose an informative subset of sailboats, split between monohulls and catamarans, from the provided spreadsheet. Find comparable listing price data for that subset from the Hong Kong (SAR) market. Model what the regional effect of Hong Kong (SAR) would be, if there is one, on each of the sailboat prices for the sailboats in your subset. Is the effect the same for both catamarans and monohull sailboats?
讨论您对给定地理区域的建模如何在香港(SAR)市场中发挥作用。从提供的电子表格中选择信息丰富的帆船子集，分为单体船和双体船。从香港(特区)市场查找该子集的可比列表价格数据。模拟香港(SAR)对您小组中的每艘帆船价格的区域影响(如果有)。双体船和单体船的效果是一样的吗？

Identify and discuss any other interesting and informative inferences or conclusions your team draws from the data.
确定并讨论你的团队从数据中得出的任何其他有趣且有价值的推论或结论。

Prepare a one- to two-page report for the Hong Kong (SAR) sailboat broker. Include a few well-chosen graphics to help the broker understand your conclusions.
为香港(特区)的帆船经纪人准备一份一到两页的报告。包括一些精心挑选的图表，以帮助经纪人理解你的结论。

Your PDF solution of no more than 25 total pages should include:
总页数不超过25页的PDF解决方案应包括:
One-page Summary Sheet that clearly describes your approach to the problem and your most important conclusions from your analysis in the context of the problem.
一页的总结表，清楚地描述你解决问题的方法，以及你在问题背景下的分析得出的最重要的结论。
Table of Contents.
目录。
Your complete solution.
您的完整解决方案。
One- to two-page report to the broker.
一到两页的报告给经纪人。
Reference List.
参考列表。

Note: The MCM Contest has a 25-page limit. All aspects of your submission count toward the 25-page limit (Summary Sheet, Table of Contents, Report, One- to Two-Page Report to the Broker, Reference List, and any Appendices). You must cite the sources for your ideas, data, images, and any other materials used in your report.
注意:MCM竞赛有25页的限制。你提交的所有内容都在25页的限制之内(摘要表、目录、报告、给经纪人的一到两页的报告、参考列表和任何附录)。你必须为你的想法、数据、图像和报告中使用的任何其他材料引用来源。

Attachment
附件
Data File. 2023_MCM_Problem_Y_Boats.xlsx
数据文件。2023_MCM_Problem_Y_Boats.xlsx
Monohulled Sailboats Catamarans
单体帆船双体船

Data File Entry Descriptions
数据文件条目描述
Make: The name of the manufacturer of the boat.
品牌:船只制造商的名称。
Variant: The name identifying the particular model of the boat.
变体:识别船只特定型号的名称。
Length (ft): The length of the boat in feet.
长度(ft):船的长度，以英尺为单位。
Geographic Region: The geographic region of the boat’s location (Caribbean, Europe, USA).
地理区域:船所在的地理区域(加勒比海、欧洲、美国)。
Country/Region/State: The specific country/region/state of the boat’s location. Listing Price (USD): The advertised price to purchase the boat in U.S. Dollars. Year: The year the boat was manufactured.
国家/地区/州:船只所在的具体国家/地区/州。挂牌价格(美元):购买船只的广告价格，以美元计。年份:船只制造的年份。

Glossary
词汇表
Beam: The width of a boat at its widest point.
船宽:船最宽处的宽度。
Broker: A specialist who serves sellers and/or buyers as a representative for the sale or purchase of property. For this problem, the property is a sailboat.
经纪人:作为销售或购买财产的代表为卖方和/或买方服务的专家。对于这个问题，房产是一艘帆船。

Catamarans: A multi-hulled watercraft featuring two parallel hulls of equal size.
双体船:一种多体船只，有两个大小相等的平行船体。
Displacement: The weight of the volume of water displaced by a boat.
排水量:一艘船排出的水的重量。
Draft: The minimum depth of water required to float a boat without touching the bottom.
吃水深度:使船漂浮而不触底所需的最小水深。
Engine Hours: The number of hours the boat’s engine(s) have run since new.
发动机小时数:新船发动机运行的小时数。
Headroom: The height available to stand up in the cabin.
净空高度:机舱内可站立的高度。
Hull: The main body or shell of a ship or other vessel, including the bottom, sides, and deck.
船体:船或其它船只的主体或外壳，包括底部、侧面和甲板。
Hull Materials: The materials of which a boat’s hull is made. Materials used include fiberglass, steel, wood, and composites.
船体材料:制造船体的材料。使用的材料包括玻璃纤维、钢、木材和复合材料。
Listing Price: The price asked by the seller. The boat may sell for a different price.
挂牌价格:卖方要求的价格。这条船可能会以不同的价格出售。
Make: The manufacturer of the sailboat.
制造商:帆船的制造商。
Monohull Sailboats: Sailboats that have only one hull usually centered around a heavy keel (the center blade).
单体帆船:只有一个船体的帆船，通常以一个沉重的龙骨(中心叶片)为中心。
Rigging: The system of ropes, cables and pulleys that support and control the sails, steering and other systems of a boat.
索具:由绳索、缆绳和滑轮组成的系统，用于支撑和控制船帆、操舵和其他系统。
Sail Area: The total surface area of the sails of a boat when fully raised.
帆面积:船帆完全升起时的总表面积。
Variant: The name identifying a particular model of sailboat. For example, “Sun Odyssey 54 DS.”
变体:识别特定型号帆船的名称。比如《太阳奥德赛54 DS》。

思路：