本案例需要下载 axios 库 npm install axios
配置参考文档 Vue-Cli devServer.proxy
vue.config.js
是一个可选的配置文件,如果项目的 (和 package.json 同级的) 根目录中存在这个文件,那么它会被 @vue/cli-service 自动加载。你也可以使用 package.json 中的 vue 字段,但是注意这种写法需要你严格遵照 JSON 的格式来写
在vue.config.js中添加如下配置
module.exports = {
devServer:{
proxy:"http://localhost:5000"
}
}
说明
编写vue.config.js配置具体代理规则
module.exports = {
devServer: {
proxy: {
'/api1': { // 匹配所有以 '/api1'开头的请求路径
target: 'http://localhost:5000', // 代理目标的基础路径
pathRewrite: {'^/api1':''}, // 代理往后端服务器的请求去掉 /api1 前缀
ws: true, // WebSocket
changeOrigin: true,
},
'/api2': {
target: 'http://localhost:5001',
pathRewrite: {'^/api2': ''},
changeOrigin: true
}
}
}
}
/*
changeOrigin设置为true时,服务器收到的请求头中的host为:localhost:5000
changeOrigin设置为false时,服务器收到的请求头中的host为:localhost:8080
changeOrigin默认值为true
*/
说明
vue.config.js
module.exports = {
pages: {
index: {
entry: 'src/main.js',
},
},
lintOnSave:false,
// 开启代理服务器(方式一)
// devServer: {
// proxy:'http://localhost:5000'
// }
//开启代理服务器(方式二)
devServer: {
proxy: {
'/api1': {
target: 'http://localhost:5000',
pathRewrite:{'^/api1':''},
// ws: true, //用于支持websocket,默认值为true
// changeOrigin: true //用于控制请求头中的host值,默认值为true
},
'/api2': {
target: 'http://localhost:5001',
pathRewrite:{'^/api2':''},
}
}
}
}
src/App.vue
<template>
<div>
<button @click="getStudents">获取学生信息</button>
<button @click="getCars">获取汽车信息</button>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import axios from 'axios'
export default {
name:'App',
methods: {
getStudents() {
axios.get('http://localhost:8080/students').then(
response => {
console.log('请求成功了',response.data)
},
error => {
console.log('请求失败了',error.message)
}
)
},
getCars() {
axios.get('http://localhost:8080/demo/cars').then(
response => {
console.log('请求成功了',response.data)
},
error => {
console.log('请求失败了',error.message)
}
)
}
},
}
</script>
public/index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<!-- 针对IE浏览器的特殊配置,含义是让IE浏览器以最高渲染级别渲染页面 -->
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<!-- 开启移动端的理想端口 -->
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 配置页签图标 -->
<link rel="icon" href="<%= BASE_URL %>favicon.ico">
<!-- 引入bootstrap样式 -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="<%= BASE_URL %>css/bootstrap.css">
<!-- 配置网页标题 -->
<title><%= htmlWebpackPlugin.options.title %></title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- 容器 -->
<div id="app"></div>
</body>
</html>
src/main.js
import Vue from 'vue'
import App from './App.vue'
Vue.config.productionTip = false
new Vue({
el:"#app",
render: h => h(App),
beforeCreate(){
Vue.prototype.$bus = this
}
})
src/App.vue
<template>
<div class="container">
<Search/>
<List/>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import Search from './components/Search.vue'
import List from './components/List.vue'
export default {
name:'App',
components:{ Search, List },
}
</script>
src/components/Search.vue
<template>
<section class="jumbotron">
<h3 class="jumbotron-heading">Search Github Users</h3>
<div>
<input type="text" placeholder="enter the name you search" v-model="keyWord"/>
<button @click="searchUsers">Search</button>
</div>
</section>
</template>
<script>
import axios from "axios";
export default {
name: "Search",
data() {
return {
keyWord: "",
};
},
methods: {
searchUsers() {
//请求前更新List的数据
this.$bus.$emit("updateListData", {
isLoading: true,
errMsg: "",
users: [],
isFirst: false,
});
axios.get(`https://api.github.com/search/users?q=${this.keyWord}`).then(
(response) => {
console.log("请求成功了");
this.$bus.$emit("updateListData", { //请求成功后更新List的数据
isLoading: false,
errMsg: "",
users: response.data.items,
});
},
(error) => {
this.$bus.$emit("updateListData", { //请求后更新List的数据
isLoading: false,
errMsg: error.message,
users: [],
});
}
);
},
},
};
</script>
src/components/List.vue
<template>
<div class="row">
<!-- 展示用户列表 -->
<div v-show="info.users.length" class="card"
v-for="user in info.users" :key="user.login">
<a :href="user.html_url" target="_blank">
<img :src="user.avatar_url" style="width: 100px" />
</a>
<p class="card-text">{{ user.login }}</p>
</div>
<!-- 展示欢迎词 -->
<h1 v-show="info.isFirst">欢迎使用!</h1>
<!-- 展示加载中 -->
<h1 v-show="info.isLoading">加载中....</h1>
<!-- 展示错误信息 -->
<h1 v-show="info.errMsg">{{ info.errMsg }}</h1>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: "List",
data() {
return {
info: {
isFirst: true,
isLoading: false,
errMsg: "",
users: [],
},
};
},
mounted() {
this.$bus.$on("updateListData", (dataObj) => {
this.info = { ...this.info, ...dataObj };
});
},
};
</script>
<style scoped>
.album {min-height: 50rem; /* Can be removed; just added for demo purposes */
padding-top: 3rem;padding-bottom: 3rem;background-color: #f7f7f7;}
.card {float: left;width: 33.333%;padding: 0.75rem;margin-bottom: 2rem;
border: 1px solid #efefef;text-align: center;}
.card > img {margin-bottom: 0.75rem;border-radius: 100px;}
.card-text {font-size: 85%;}
</style>
vue项目常用的两个Ajax库
下载 vue-resource 库 npm i vue-resource
src/main.js
import Vue from 'vue'
import App from './App.vue'
import vueResource from 'vue-resource'
Vue.config.productionTip = false
Vue.use(vueResource)
new Vue({
el:"#app",
render: h => h(App),
beforeCreate(){
Vue.prototype.$bus = this
}
})
src/App.vue
<template>
<div class="container">
<Search/>
<List/>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import Search from './components/Search.vue'
import List from './components/List.vue'
export default {
name:'App',
components:{ Search, List },
}
</script>
src/components/Search.vue
<template>
<section class="jumbotron">
<h3 class="jumbotron-heading">Search Github Users</h3>
<div>
<input type="text" placeholder="enter the name you search" v-model="keyWord"/>
<button @click="getUsers">Search</button>
</div>
</section>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name:'Search',
data() {
return {
keyWord:''
}
},
methods: {
getUsers(){
//请求前更新List的数据
this.$bus.$emit('updateListData',
{isLoading:true,errMsg:'',users:[],isFirst:false})
this.$http.get(`https://api.github.com/search/users?q=${this.keyWord}`).then(
response => {
console.log('请求成功了')
//请求成功后更新List的数据
this.$bus.$emit('updateListData',
{isLoading:false,errMsg:'',users:response.data.items})
},
error => {
//请求后更新List的数据
this.$bus.$emit('updateListData',
{isLoading:false,errMsg:error.message,users:[]})
}
)
}
}
}
</script>
src/components/List.vue
<template>
<div class="row">
<!-- 展示用户列表 -->
<div class="card" v-show="info.users.length" v-for="user in info.users" :key="user.id">
<a :href="user.html_url" target="_blank">
<img :src="user.avatar_url" style='width: 100px'/>
</a>
<h4 class="card-title">{{user.login}}</h4>
</div>
<!-- 展示欢迎词 -->
<h1 v-show="info.isFirst">欢迎使用!</h1>
<!-- 展示加载中 -->
<h1 v-show="info.isLoading">加载中...</h1>
<!-- 展示错误信息 -->
<h1 v-show="info.errMsg">{{errMsg}}</h1>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name:'List',
data() {
return {
info:{
isFirst:true,
isLoading:false,
errMsg:'',
users:[]
}
}
},
mounted(){
this.$bus.$on('updateListData',(dataObj)=>{
this.info = {...this.info,...dataObj}
})
},
beforeDestroy(){
this.$bus.$off('updateListData')
}
}
</script>
插槽是什么?
插槽就是子组件中的提供给父组件使用的一个占位符,用 表示,父组件可以在这个占位符中填充任何模板代码,如 HTML、组件等,填充的内容会替换子组件的标签。简单理解就是子组件中留下个“坑”,父组件可以使用指定内容来补“坑”。
作用:让父组件可以向子组件指定位置插入html结构,也是一种组件间通信的方式,适用于 父组件 ===> 子组件 。
分类:默认插槽、具名插槽、作用域插槽
使用方式
父组件中:
<Category>
<div>html结构1</div>
</Category>
子组件中:Category
<template>
<div>
<!-- 定义插槽 -->
<slot>插槽默认内容...</slot>
</div>
</template>
父组件指明放入子组件的哪个插槽slot=“footer”,如果是template可以写成v-slot:footer
父组件中:
<Category>
<template slot="center">
<div>html结构1</div>
</template>
<template v-slot:footer>
<div>html结构2</div>
</template>
</Category>
子组件中:
<template>
<div>
<!-- 定义插槽 -->
<slot name="center">插槽默认内容...</slot>
<slot name="footer">插槽默认内容...</slot>
</div>
</template>
scope
用于父组件往子组件插槽放的html结构接收子组件的数据数据在组件的自身,但根据数据生成的结构需要组件的使用者来决定
父组件中:
<Category>
<template scope="scopeData">
<!-- 生成的是ul列表 -->
<ul>
<li v-for="g in scopeData.games" :key="g">{{g}}</li>
</ul>
</template>
</Category>
<Category>
<template slot-scope="scopeData">
<!-- 生成的是h4标题 -->
<h4 v-for="g in scopeData.games" :key="g">{{g}}</h4>
</template>
</Category>
子组件中:
<template>
<div>
<slot :games="games"></slot>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name:'Category',
props:['title'],
//数据在子组件自身
data() {
return {
games:['红色警戒','穿越火线','劲舞团','超级玛丽']
}
},
}
</script>
注意:关于样式,既可以写在父组件中,解析后放入子组件插槽;也可以放在子组件中,传给子组件再解析
src/App.vue
<template>
<div class="container">
<Category title="美食" >
<img src="https://s3.ax1x.com/2021/01/16/srJlq0.jpg" alt="">
</Category>
<Category title="游戏" >
<ul>
<li v-for="(g,index) in games" :key="index">{{g}}</li>
</ul>
</Category>
<Category title="电影">
<video controls src="http://clips.vorwaerts-gmbh.de/big_buck_bunny.mp4"></video>
</Category>
<Category title="">
</Category>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import Category from './components/Category'
export default {
name:'App',
components:{ Category },
data() {
return {
foods:['火锅','烧烤','小龙虾','牛排'],
games:['红色警戒','穿越火线','劲舞团','超级玛丽'],
films:['《教父》','《拆弹专家》','《你好,李焕英》','《尚硅谷》']
}
},
}
</script>
<style scoped>.container{display: flex;justify-content: space-around;}</style>
src/components/Category.vue
<template>
<div class="category">
<h3>{{ title }}分类</h3>
<!-- 定义一个插槽(挖个坑,等着组件的使用者进行填充) -->
<slot>我是一些默认值,当使用者没有传递具体结构时,我会出现</slot>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name:'Category',
props:['title']
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.category {background-color: skyblue;width: 200px;height: 300px;}
h3 {text-align: center;background-color: orange;}
video {width: 100%;}
img {width: 100%;}
</style>
src/App.vue
<template>
<div class="container">
<Category title="美食" >
<img slot="conter" src="https://s3.ax1x.com/2021/01/16/srJlq0.jpg" alt="">
<a slot="footer" href="http://www.atguigu.com">更多美食</a>
</Category>
<Category title="游戏" >
<ul slot="center">
<li v-for="(g,index) in games" :key="index">{{g}}</li>
</ul>
<div class="foot" slot="footer">
<a href="http://www.atguigu.com">单机游戏</a>
<a href="http://www.atguigu.com">网络游戏</a>
</div>
</Category>
<Category title="电影">
<video slot="center" controls src="http://clips.vorwaerts-gmbh.de/big_buck_bunny.mp4"></video>
<template v-slot:footer>
<div class="foot">
<a href="http://www.atguigu.com">经典</a>
<a href="http://www.atguigu.com">热门</a>
<a href="http://www.atguigu.com">推荐</a>
</div>
<h4>欢迎前来观影</h4>
</template>
</Category>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import Category from './components/Category'
export default {
name:'App',
components:{Category},
data() {
return {
foods:['火锅','烧烤','小龙虾','牛排'],
games:['红色警戒','穿越火线','劲舞团','超级玛丽'],
films:['《教父》','《拆弹专家》','《你好,李焕英》','《尚硅谷》']
}
},
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.container,.foot{display: flex;justify-content: space-around;}
h4{text-align: center;}
</style>
src/components/Category.vue
<template>
<div class="category">
<h3>{{title}}分类</h3>
<!-- 定义一个插槽(挖个坑,等着组件的使用者进行填充) -->
<slot name="center">我是一些默认值,当使用者没有传递具体结构时,我会出现1</slot>
<slot name="footer">我是一些默认值,当使用者没有传递具体结构时,我会出现2</slot>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name:'Category',
props:['title']
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.category{background-color: skyblue;width: 200px;height: 300px;}
h3{text-align: center;background-color: orange;}
video{width: 100%;}
img{width: 100%;}
</style>
src/App.vue
<template>
<div class="container">
<Category title="游戏">
<template scope="atguigu">
<ul>
<li v-for="(g,index) in atguigu.games" :key="index">{{g}}</li>
</ul>
</template>
</Category>
<Category title="游戏">
<template scope="{games}">
<ol>
<li style="color:red" v-for="(g,index) in games" :key="index">{{g}}</li>
</ol>
</template>
</Category>
<Category title="游戏">
<template slot-scope="{games}">
<h4 v-for="(g,index) in games" :key="index">{{g}}</h4>
</template>
</Category>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import Category from './components/Category'
export default {
name:'App',
components:{ Category },
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.container,.foot{display: flex;justify-content: space-around;}
h4{text-align: center;}
</style>
src/components/Category.vue
<template>
<div class="category">
<h3>{{title}}分类</h3>
<slot :games="games" msg="hello">我是默认的一些内容</slot>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name:'Category',
props:['title'],
data() {
return {
games:['红色警戒','穿越火线','劲舞团','超级玛丽'],
}
},
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.category{background-color: skyblue;width: 200px;height: 300px;}
h3{text-align: center;background-color: orange;}
video{width: 100%;}
img{width: 100%;}
</style>