三层架构实验

 

实验题目：三层架构实验

实验要求：

1. 内网ip地址172.16.0.0/16合理分配
2. Sw1/2之间互为备份
3. VRRP/STP/VLAN/TRUNK均使用
4. 所有pc通过DHCP获取ip地址

实验拓扑：

实验思路：

 

1. 先配置access 和通道,然后配置trunk,之后配置STP，svl和vrrp，接着是dhcp，之后再搞定路由和外网
2. 内网ip地址的划分：

基于172.16.0.0/16

172.16.0.0/30

 

172.16.1.0/17  172.16.1.0/25   vlan1

172.16.1.128/17  172.16.1.128/25 vlan2

实验内容：

1. 先在各交换机上创建vlan2   再将连接对应pc的接口划分到vlan2

[sw1]vlan 2

[sw2]vlan 2

[sw3]vlan 2

[sw3-Ethernet0/0/4]port link-type access     

[sw3-Ethernet0/0/4]port default vlan 2

[sw4]vlan 2

[sw4-Ethernet0/0/4]port link-type access     

[sw4-Ethernet0/0/4]port default vlan 2

2.在两台三层交换机上创建通道

[sw1]interface Eth-Trunk 0  创建通道接口

[sw1-Eth-Trunk0]q

[sw1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1  将物理接口加入到通道内

[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]eth-trunk 0

[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2

[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]eth-trunk 0

[sw2]interface Eth-Trunk 0

[sw2-Eth-Trunk0]q

[sw2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1

[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]eth-trunk 0

[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2

[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]eth-trunk 0

 

3.配置trunk干道

[sw1]interface Eth-Trunk 0

[sw1-Eth-Trunk0]port link-type trunk

[sw1-Eth-Trunk0]port trunk allow-pass vlan all

[sw1]interface g0/0/3

[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type trunk

[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan all

[sw1]interface g0/0/4

[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type trunk

[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan all

[sw2]interface Eth-Trunk 0

[sw2-Eth-Trunk0]port link-type trunk

[sw2-Eth-Trunk0]port trunk allow-pass vlan all

[sw2]interface g0/0/3

[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type trunk

[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan all

[sw2]interface g0/0/4

[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type trunk

[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan all

[sw3]interface e0/0/2

[sw3-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk

[sw3-Ethernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all

[sw3]interface e0/0/3

[sw3-Ethernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk

[sw3-Ethernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan all

[sw4]interface e0/0/2

[sw4-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk

[sw4-Ethernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all

[sw4]interface e0/0/3

[sw4-Ethernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk

[sw4-Ethernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan all

 

 

 

4.配置mstp生成树

在四台交换机上都要配置

并且让sw1和sw2互为备份

[sw1]stp enable

[sw1]stp region-configuration

[sw1-mst-region]region-name a

[sw1-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 1

[sw1-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 2

[sw1-mst-region]active region-configuration

[sw1]stp instance 1 root primary

[sw1]stp instance 2 root secondary

[sw2]stp enable

[sw2]stp region-configuration

[sw2-mst-region]region-name a

[sw2-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 1

[sw2-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 2

[sw2-mst-region]active region-configuration

[sw2]stp instance 1 root secondary

[sw2]stp instance 2 root primary

[sw3]stp enable

[sw3]stp region-configuration

[sw3-mst-region]region-name a

[sw3-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 1

[sw3-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 2

[sw3-mst-region]active region-configuration

[sw4]stp enable

[sw4]stp region-configuration

[sw4-mst-region]region-name a

[sw4-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 1

[sw4-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 2

[sw4-mst-region]active region-configuration

顺便将连接pc的接口调到边缘接口

[sw3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/3

[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]stp edged-port enable

[sw3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/4

[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]stp edged-port enable

[sw4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/03

[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]stp edged-port enable

[sw4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/4

[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]stp edged-port enable

5.配置svl接口

[sw1-Vlanif1]ip add 172.16.1.1 25

[sw1-Vlanif2]ip add 172.16.1.129 25

[sw2-Vlanif2]ip add 172.16.1.12 25

[sw2-Vlanif2]ip add 172.16.1.130 25

6.配置VRRP

[sw1]interface Vlanif 1

[sw1-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 172.16.1.126

[sw1-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 priority 120

[sw1-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 track interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/5 reduced 30

[sw1]interface Vlanif 2

[sw1-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 172.16.1.254

[sw2]interface Vlanif 1

[sw2-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 172.16.1.126

[sw2]interface Vlanif 2

[sw2-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 172.16.1.254

[sw2-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 2 priority 120

[sw2-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 2 track interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/5 reduced 30

 

 

 

7.配置DHCP池塘

[sw1]dhcp enable

[sw1]ip pool v1

[sw1-ip-pool-v1]network 172.16.1.0 mask 25

[sw1-ip-pool-v1]gateway-list 172.16.1.126

[sw1-ip-pool-v1]dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8

[sw1]ip pool v2

[sw1-ip-pool-v1]network 172.16.1.128 mask 25

[sw1-ip-pool-v1]gateway-list 172.16.1.254

[sw1-ip-pool-v1]dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8

[sw1]int vlan 1

[sw1-Vlanif1]dhcp select global

[sw1-Vlanif1]int vlan 2

[sw1-Vlanif2]dhcp select global

[sw2]dhcp enable

[sw2]ip pool v1

[sw2-ip-pool-v1]network 172.16.1.0 mask 25

[sw2-ip-pool-v1]gateway-list 172.16.1.126

[sw2-ip-pool-v1]dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8

[sw2]ip pool v2

[sw2-ip-pool-v1]network 172.16.1.128 mask 25

[sw2-ip-pool-v1]gateway-list 172.16.1.254

[sw2-ip-pool-v1]dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8

[sw2]int vlan 1

[sw2-Vlanif1]dhcp select global

[sw2-Vlanif1]int vlan 2

[sw2-Vlanif2]dhcp select global

此时pc都已经获取到正确的地址

 

 

 

 

8.为交换机配置三层接口

[sw1]vlan 100

[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]po l a

[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]p d vlan 100

[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]int vlan 100

[sw1-Vlanif100]ip ad 172.16.0.1 30

[sw2]vlan 100

[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]p l a

[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]p d vlan 100

[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]int vlan 100

[sw2-Vlanif100]ip ad 172.16.0.6 30

9、为路由器配置ip地址

[r1]interface g0/0/0

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.2 30e.

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.5 30

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 12.1.1.1 24

[isp]interface LoopBack 0

[isp-LoopBack0]ip add 2.2.2.2 24[isp-LoopBack0]int

[isp-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0

[isp-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24

10、启动opsf

此时根据层次划分ospf的两个区域，分为区域0和区域1

 

[r2]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1

[r2-ospf-1]area 0

[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255

[sw1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.2

[sw1-ospf-1]area 0

[sw1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0

[sw1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q

[sw1-ospf-1]area 1

[sw1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.1.1 0.0.0.0

[sw1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.1.129 0.0.0.0

[sw2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2

[sw2-ospf-1]area 0

[sw2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.6 0.0.0.0

[sw2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q

[sw2-ospf-1]area 1

[sw2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.1.2 0.0.0.0

[sw2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.1.130 0.0.0.0

顺便做好路由汇总：

汇总：

[sw1]ospf 1

[sw1-ospf-1]area 1

[sw1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0

[sw2]ospf 1

[sw2-ospf-1]area 1

[sw2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0

设置沉默接口：

[sw1]ospf 1
[sw1-ospf-1]silent-interface all
[sw1-ospf-1]undo silent-interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/5
[sw1-ospf-1]undo silent-interface Eth-Trunk 0
[sw1-ospf-1]undo silent-interface vlanif 1
[sw1-ospf-1]undo silent-interface vlanif 100

[sw2]ospf 1
[sw2-ospf-1]silent-interface all
[sw2-ospf-1]undo silent-interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/5
[sw2-ospf-1]undo silent-interface Eth-Trunk 0
[sw2-ospf-1]undo silent-interface vlanif 1
[sw2-ospf-1]undo silent-interface vlanif 100
 

11.缺省路由

[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.1.1.2

[r1]ospf 1

[r1-ospf-1]default-route-advertise

此时：sw1已经学到了缺省路由

12.配置NAT

让pc可以访问公网

[r1]acl 2000

[r1-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r1-acl-basic-2000]int g0/0/2

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]nat outbound 2000

此时所有的配置完成

13.测试

  

此时关闭交换机sw1

此时sw2成为根网桥