Mybatis学习笔记(一)-Mybatis入门篇

一、Mybatis介绍

  MyBatis 本是apache的一个开源项目iBatis, 2010年这个项目由apache software foundation 迁移到了google code,并且改名为MyBatis 。2013年11月迁移到Github。

  iBATIS一词来源于“internet”和“abatis”的组合,是一个基于Java的持久层框架。iBATIS提供的持久层框架包括SQL Maps和Data Access Objects(DAO)

  jdbc/dbutils/springdao,hibernate/springorm,mybaits同属于ORM解决方案之一.

二、Mybatis快速入门

1)创建一个javaweb工程,然后导入mybatis和mysql的jar包
  或者使用maven创建项目,然后在pom.xml文件中添加下面的依赖

  
<dependency>  
    <groupId>org.mybatisgroupId>  
    <artifactId>mybatisartifactId>  
    <version>3.2.5version>  
dependency>  
  

  
<dependency>  
    <groupId>mysqlgroupId>  
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>  
    <version>5.1.38version>  
dependency>  
 

2)创建实体类对象(文件项目路径:com.madman0621.entity.User.java)

package com.madman0621.entity;

public class User {
    private int id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", password=" + password + "]";
    }
    public User(int id, String username, String password) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
    }
    public User(String username, String password) {
        super();
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
    }
    public User() {
        super();
    }
}

3)在实体类同级目录下创建UserMapper.xml配置文件





<mapper namespace="mynamespace">

    
    
    <resultMap type="user" id="UserMap">

         
        <id property="id" column="id"/>
        <result property="username" column="username"/>
        <result property="password" column="password"/>

    resultMap>

    
    <insert id="addUser1">
        insert into user(id,username,password) values(21,'mybatis','mybatis')
    insert>

    <insert id="addUser2" parameterType="user">
        insert into user(username,password) values(#{username},#{password})
    insert>
mapper>

4)在sr目录下创建mybatis.xml配置文件




<configuration>

    
    <typeAliases>
        <typeAlias type="com.madman0621.entity.User" alias="user"/>
    typeAliases>


    
    <environments default="development">

        
        <environment id="development">
            
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> 
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"/> 
                <property name="username" value="root"/>    
                <property name="password" value="root"/>    
            dataSource>
        environment>  
    environments>

    
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/madman0621/entity/UserMapper.xml"/>
    mappers>
configuration>

5)在util目录下创建MyBatisUtil.java类,并测试与数据库是否连接

package com.madman0621.util;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

public class MyBatisUtil {

    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
    private static SqlSession sqlSession;

    //加载位于src/mybatis.xml配置文件
    static {
        try {
            Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader("mybatis.xml");
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //禁止外界通过new方法创建
    private MyBatisUtil() {}

    //获取SqlSession
    public static SqlSession getSqlSession() {
        sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        return sqlSession;
    }

    //连接测试
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Connection conn = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession().getConnection();
        System.out.println(conn!=null?"连接成功":"连接失败");
    }
}

6)在java代码中实现添加用户

方法一:

在dao目录创建UserDao类并进行测试

package com.madman0621.dao;

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import com.madman0621.entity.User;
import com.madman0621.util.MyBatisUtil;

public class UserDao {

    //增加学生(无参)
    public void addUser1() {
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();
        try {
            //事务开始(默认)
            //读取StudentMapper.xml映射文件中的SQL语句
            //调用方法:名称空间.sql语句的id
            sqlSession.insert("mynamespace.addUser1");
            sqlSession.commit();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            sqlSession.rollback();
        } finally {
            sqlSession.close();
        }
    }

    //增加学生(带参)
    public void addUser2(User user) {
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();
        try {
            //事务开始(默认)
            //读取StudentMapper.xml映射文件中的SQL语句
            //调用方法:名称空间.sql语句的id
            sqlSession.insert("mynamespace.addUser2",user);
            sqlSession.commit();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            sqlSession.rollback();
        } finally {
            sqlSession.close();
        }
    }

    //测试方法
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        UserDao userDao = new UserDao();
        //无参方式添加
        userDao.addUser1();

        //带参方式添加
        User user = new User("test","test");
        userDao.addUser2(user);
    }
}

方法二:

1、在dao目录下创建UserDao.java接口类对象

package com.madman0621.dao;

import com.madman0621.entity.User;

public interface UserDao {
    public void addUser1();
    public void addUser2(User user);
}

2、将UserMapper.xml的名称空间修改为UserDao接口类对象的全路径




<mapper namespace="com.madman0621.dao.UserDao">
。。。
mapper>

3、创建测试类测试UserDao的方法

package com.madman0621.test;

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import com.madman0621.dao.UserDao;
import com.madman0621.entity.User;
import com.madman0621.util.MyBatisUtil;

public class UserTestByMapper {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();

        try {
            //获取UserDao接口对象
            UserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);

            //无参添加用户
            userDao.addUser1();

            //带参添加用户
            User user = new User("mapper","mapper");
            userDao.addUser2(user);

            sqlSession.commit();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            sqlSession.rollback();
        } finally {
            sqlSession.close();
        }
    }
}

方法二解析:

UserDao.java是XML 映射配置文件UserMapper.xml 里命名空间指向的接口:
< mapper namespace="com.madman0621.dao.UserDao">

一般来说,一个XML 映射配置文件对应一个命名空间,而这个命名空间又对应一个接口,这样我们就可以定义这样一个接口,并类型安全地执行SQL 语句,如:
UserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
userDao.addUser1();

MyBatis 启动时首先会根据XML 配置文件中的命名空间查找是否存在这个接口类,如果存在则保存在一个名为knownMappers 的HashSet 中。

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