蓝桥杯嵌入式第十三届省赛题目及详细编程解答
这是第一次发关于嵌入式的题目解答，后续会将其他届的题目和解答一并发出，详见我的博客，总体来说嵌入式的题目不会特别难，现在官方提供了CUBEMX,用这个软件生成一些底层代码，相当好用，但是目前一个明显缺点是用一次软件生成代码后重新编译会比较慢，可能会用两分钟左右，所以为了编译速度快一点，我们可以将代码合理排列在main.c里面，这样不用怕编译后自己的.c和.h文件丢失（当然也可以不用这样，让代码更直观）。废话不多说直接给代码。
CUBEMX配置：
串口基本配置：
Main.c
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* Copyright (c) 2022 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
* in the root directory of this software component.
* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "tim.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "BSP.H"
#include "lcd.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "string.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
void led_display(uchar led);
void mima_sezhi(void);
void PWM_PA1(void);
void lcd_disp(void);
void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart);
void recive_contr(void);
extern struct keys key[4];
struct key_num
{
uchar num;
};
struct key_num unmber[3]= {'@','@','@'};
struct key_num chu_shi_unmber[3]= {1,2,3};//初始密码
bool jie_mian = 0;//默认在密码输入界面,1表示是密码对的界面
uchar string_b1[10],string_b2[10],string_b3[10];
uchar string_F[12],string_D[12];
uint puse=50,pre=500;
extern bool date;
bool ERR = 0;//报警
uchar send_string[15];
uchar string_chushi[4],string_xiugai[4];
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
void led_display(uchar led)
{
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC,GPIO_PIN_All,GPIO_PIN_SET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC,led<<8,GPIO_PIN_RESET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD,GPIO_PIN_2,GPIO_PIN_SET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD,GPIO_PIN_2,GPIO_PIN_RESET);
}
void mima_she_zhi(void)
{
if(jie_mian ==0)
{
for(uchar j= 0;j<3;j++)
{
if(key[j].single_flag == 1)
{
switch(unmber[j].num)
{
case '@': unmber[j].num = 0;key[j].single_flag =0;break;
case 0: unmber[j].num = 1;key[j].single_flag =0;break;
case 1: unmber[j].num = 2;key[j].single_flag =0;break;
case 2: unmber[j].num = 3;key[j].single_flag =0;break;
case 3: unmber[j].num = 4;key[j].single_flag =0;break;
case 4: unmber[j].num = 5;key[j].single_flag =0;break;
case 5: unmber[j].num = 6;key[j].single_flag =0;break;
case 6: unmber[j].num = 7;key[j].single_flag =0;break;
case 7: unmber[j].num = 8;key[j].single_flag =0;break;
case 8: unmber[j].num = 9;key[j].single_flag =0;break;
case 9: unmber[j].num = '@';key[j].single_flag =0;break;
}
}
}
}
if(key[3].single_flag)
{
if(unmber[0].num ==chu_shi_unmber[0].num &&unmber[1].num ==chu_shi_unmber[1].num &&unmber[2].num ==chu_shi_unmber[2].num )
{
jie_mian = 1;
}
else//密码不对
{
unmber[0].num = '@';
unmber[1].num = '@';
unmber[2].num = '@';
ERR = 1;
}
key[3].single_flag = 0;
}
}
void PWM_PA1(void)
{
if(jie_mian == 1)
{
TIM2->ARR = pre-1;
TIM2->CCR2 = puse;
}
}
void bian_hui(void)
{
if(date==1)
{
unmber[0].num = '@';
unmber[1].num = '@';
unmber[2].num = '@';
date= 0;
}
}
void lcd_disp(void)
{
if(jie_mian == 0)
{
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line2," P S D ");
if(unmber[0].num!='@')
{
sprintf((char *)string_b1," B1:%u ",unmber[0].num);
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line4,string_b1);
}
else if(unmber[0].num=='@')
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line4," B1:@ ");
if(unmber[1].num!='@')
{
sprintf((char *)string_b2," B2:%u ",unmber[1].num);
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line5,string_b2);
}
else if(unmber[1].num=='@')
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line5," B2:@ ");
if(unmber[2].num!='@')
{
sprintf((char *)string_b3," B3:%u ",unmber[2].num);
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line6,string_b3);
}
else if(unmber[2].num=='@')
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line6," B3:@ ");
}
else if(jie_mian == 1)
{
LCD_ClearLine(Line6);
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line2," S T A ");
sprintf((char *)string_F," F :%uHZ ",(80000000/(TIM2->PSC+1))/(TIM2->ARR+1));
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line4,string_F);
sprintf((char *)string_D," D :%u%% ",((TIM2->CCR2+1)*100)/(TIM2->ARR+1));
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line5,string_D);
}
}
uchar recive_char;
uchar recive_string[20];
uint recive_num=0;
void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
recive_string[recive_num++] = recive_char;
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1,& recive_char,1);
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,& recive_char,1,50);
}
uchar jfal[3];
void recive_contr(void)
{
if(recive_num>0)
{
if(recive_num == 7)
{
sscanf((char *)recive_string,"%3s:%3s",string_chushi,string_xiugai);
if((string_chushi[0]-48==chu_shi_unmber[0].num) && (string_chushi[1]-48==chu_shi_unmber[1].num) && (string_chushi[2]-48==chu_shi_unmber[2].num))
{
chu_shi_unmber[0].num = string_xiugai[0]-48;
chu_shi_unmber[1].num = string_xiugai[1]-48;
chu_shi_unmber[2].num = string_xiugai[2]-48;
}
else
{
sprintf((char *)send_string,"mimaerron\n\r");
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,send_string,strlen(send_string),50);
}
}
else
{
sprintf((char *)send_string,"erron\n\r");
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,send_string,strlen(send_string),50);
}
recive_num = 0;
memset(recive_string,0,20);
}
//sprintf((char *)jfal,"%u",string_chushi[0]-48);
//LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line7,jfal);
}
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_TIM2_Init();
MX_TIM3_Init();
MX_USART1_UART_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
LCD_Init();
LCD_Clear(Black);
LCD_SetBackColor(Black);
LCD_SetTextColor(White);
HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT(&htim3);
HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim2,TIM_CHANNEL_2);
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1,&recive_char,1);//开启接收中断
led_display(0X00);
sprintf((char *)send_string,"adsha\n\r");
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,send_string,strlen(send_string),50);
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while (1)
{
mima_she_zhi();
PWM_PA1();
lcd_disp();
bian_hui();
recive_contr();
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
/** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
*/
HAL_PWREx_ControlVoltageScaling(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);
/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = RCC_PLLM_DIV3;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 20;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = RCC_PLLQ_DIV2;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = RCC_PLLR_DIV2;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
__disable_irq();
while (1)
{
}
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
* where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @param file: pointer to the source file name
* @param line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */BSP.H
#ifndef _BSP_H_
#define _BSP_H_
#include "main.h"
#include "stdbool.h"
struct keys
{
uchar judge_sta; //用于状态切换，和消抖
bool key_sta; //用于检测是否按下
bool single_flag;//按下标志位
bool long_flag;//长按下标志位
uint key_time;
};
void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim);
#endif
BSP.C
#include "BSP.H"
#include "lcd.h"
#include "usart.h"
extern void led_display(uchar led);
extern uchar jie_mian;
uint time = 0;
struct keys key[4] = {0,0,0,0,0};
bool date = 0;
uint shan =0;
extern bool ERR;
//extern struct key_num unmber[3];
void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
if(htim->Instance == TIM3)
{
key[0].key_sta = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_0); //读取端口值
key[1].key_sta = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_1);
key[2].key_sta = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_2);
key[3].key_sta = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA,GPIO_PIN_0);
for(int i= 0;i<4;i++)
{
switch(key[i].judge_sta)
{
case 0:
if(key[i].key_sta == 0)
{
key[i].judge_sta = 1;
}
break;
case 1:
if(key[i].key_sta == 0)
{
key[i].judge_sta = 2;
}
break;
case 2:
if(key[i].key_sta == 1)
{
key[i].judge_sta = 0;
if(key[i].key_time>80)
{
key[i].long_flag = 1;
}
else
{
key[i].single_flag = 1;
}
key[i].key_time = 0;
}
else
{
key[i].key_time++;
}
break;
}
}
}
if(jie_mian == 1)
{
time++;
led_display(0X01);
if(time>=500)
{
jie_mian = 0;
time = 0;
TIM2->ARR = 1000-1;
TIM2->CCR2 = 500;
date = 1;
led_display(0X00);
}
}
if(ERR ==1)
{
shan++;
if(shan%10)
{
led_display(0X02);
}
else
led_display(0X00);
if(shan == 500)
{
shan = 0;
ERR = 0;
}
}
}