Android编程简介
Before jumping over to actual programming lets first talk about a brief introduction to android programming. In this tutorial I will give a short overview of android which include topics like history, features and different versions of android.
在跳到实际编程之前，让我们先谈谈android编程的简要介绍。 在本教程中，我将简要概述android，包括诸如历史，功能和不同版本的android等主题。
Note: For learning android programming tutorials you must have at least basic knowledge of Java Programming.
注意：要学习android编程教程，您必须至少具有Java编程的基础知识。
Android编程简介 (Introduction to Android Programming)
什么是Android？ (What is Android?)
Android is a Linux based and an open source operating system for devices such as smartphones, tablets, smartwatches, etc. It is the most popular mobile operating system in the world.
Android是基于Linux的开放源代码操作系统，适用于智能手机，平板电脑，智能手表等设备。它是世界上最受欢迎的移动操作系统。
Android was developed by Open Handset Alliance(OHA) led by Google. Open Handset Alliance is a consortium of 84 companies such as Google, HTC, Dell, Motorola, Sony, Samsung, etc.
Android由Google领导的开放手机联盟(OHA)开发。 开放手机联盟是由84家公司组成的联盟，例如Google，HTC，戴尔，摩托罗拉，索尼，三星等。
Although some other langauges can be used but Java is the official language for Android development.
尽管可以使用其他一些语言，但是Java是Android开发的官方语言。
Android的历史 (History of Android)
Andy Rubin founded Android, Inc. in Palo Alto, California in October 2003.
安迪·鲁宾(Andy Rubin)于2003年10月在加利福尼亚州帕洛阿尔托创立了Android公司。
In July 2005, Google acquired Android Inc. and key employees including Andy Rubin, Rich Miner, Chris White and Nick Sears.
2005年7月，Google收购了Android Inc.及其主要员工，包括Andy Rubin，Rich Miner，Chris White和Nick Sears。
On November 5, 2007 Google revelead about development of Android OS.
Google于2007年11月5日宣布开发Android OS。
HTC Dream was the first android smartphone which was launched on October 22, 2008.
HTC Dream是2008年10月22日推出的第一款Android智能手机。
Android is the nick name of Andy Rubin which was given by his coworkers because of his love for robots.
Android是Andy Rubin的昵称，他的同事因对机器人的热爱而将其命名。
Android功能 (Features of Android)
Android has so many interesting features that makes it most popular mobile OS in the world. Few of them are given below.
Android具有许多有趣的功能，使其成为全球最受欢迎的移动操作系统。 下面很少给出它们。
User Interface – It provides very beautiful user interface.
用户界面–它提供了非常漂亮的用户界面。
Connectivity – Android supports various connectivity technologies like GSM/EDGE, WiFi, Bluetooth, CDMA, etc.
连接性– Android支持各种连接技术，例如GSM / EDGE，WiFi，蓝牙，CDMA等。
Storage – SQLite is a very light weight database which is used for storage purpose in android.
存储– SQLite是一个重量很轻的数据库，用于android中的存储目的。
Messaging – It supports SMS and MMS.
消息传递–它支持SMS和MMS。
Multitasking – Android supports multitasking feature which lets you to run multiple applications simultaneously.
多任务处理– Android支持多任务处理功能，可让您同时运行多个应用程序。
Android应用类别 (Categories of Android Applications)
There are various categories of android applications. Below I have listed some top categories.
有各种类别的android应用程序。 下面我列出了一些顶级类别。
Entertainment, Personalization, Tools, Communication, Productivity, Media and Video, Music and Audio, Social, Travel and Local etc.
娱乐，个性化，工具，通信，生产力，媒体和视频，音乐和音频，社交，旅行和本地等
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Android代码名称，版本和API级别 (Android Code Name, Version and API Level)
In past few years so many android versions are launched. Below I have listed android code name, version and API level from newest to oldest. API level is an integer number assigned to each android version.
在过去的几年中，推出了许多Android版本。 下面我列出了从最新到最旧的android代码名称，版本和API级别。 API级别是分配给每个android版本的整数。
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| Code Name | Version | API Level |
|---|---|---|
| Lollipop | 5.1 | API level 22 |
| Lollipop | 5.0 | API level 21 |
| KitKat | 4.4 – 4.4.4 | API level 19 |
| Jelly Bean | 4.3.x | API level 18 |
| Jelly Bean | 4.2.x | API level 17 |
| Jelly Bean | 4.1.x | API level 16 |
| Ice Cream Sandwich | 4.0.3 – 4.0.4 | API level 15, NDK 8 |
| Ice Cream Sandwich | 4.0.1 – 4.0.2 | API level 14, NDK 7 |
| Honeycomb | 3.2.x | API level 13 |
| Honeycomb | 3.1 | API level 12, NDK 6 |
| Honeycomb | 3.0 | API level 11 |
| Gingerbread | 2.3.3 – 2.3.7 | API level 10 |
| Gingerbread | 2.3 – 2.3.2 | API level 9, NDK 5 |
| Froyo | 2.2.x | API level 8, NDK 4 |
| Eclair | 2.1 | API level 7, NDK 3 |
| Eclair | 2.0.1 | API level 6 |
| Eclair | 2.0 | API level 5 |
| Donut | 1.6 | API level 4, NDK 2 |
| Cupcake | 1.5 | API level 3, NDK 1 |
| (no code name) | 1.1 | API level 2 |
| (no code name) | 1.0 | API level 1 |
| 代码名称 | 版 | API级别 |
|---|---|---|
| 棒糖 | 5.1 | API等级22 |
| 棒糖 | 5.0 | API等级21 |
| 奇巧 | 4.4 – 4.4.4 | API等级19 |
| 果冻豆 | 4.3.x | API等级18 |
| 果冻豆 | 4.2.x | API等级17 |
| 果冻豆 | 4.1.x | API等级16 |
| 冰淇淋三明治 | 4.0.3 – 4.0.4 | API级别15，NDK 8 |
| 冰淇淋三明治 | 4.0.1 – 4.0.2 | API级别14，NDK 7 |
| 蜂窝 | 3.2.x | API等级13 |
| 蜂窝 | 3.1 | API等级12，NDK 6 |
| 蜂窝 | 3.0 | API等级11 |
| 姜饼 | 2.3.3 – 2.3.7 | API等级10 |
| 姜饼 | 2.3 – 2.3.2 | API级别9，NDK 5 |
| 弗罗约 | 2.2.x | API级别8，NDK 4 |
| 埃克莱尔 | 2.1 | API等级7，NDK 3 |
| 埃克莱尔 | 2.0.1 | API等级6 |
| 埃克莱尔 | 2.0 | API等级5 |
| 甜甜圈 | 1.6 | API级别4，NDK 2 |
| 纸杯蛋糕 | 1.5 | API等级3，NDK 1 |
| (无代号) | 1.1 | API等级2 |
| (无代号) | 1.0 | API级别1 |
So this was a brief introduction to android programming. If you have any doubts regarding above tutorial then feel free to ask by commenting below.
因此，这是android编程的简要介绍。 如果您对以上教程有任何疑问，请随时在下面评论。
翻译自: https://www.thecrazyprogrammer.com/2015/09/introduction-to-android-programming.html