oracle pl/sql练习题,pl/sql练习
----while循环
declare
i number(2);
begin
i:=1;
while i<10
loop
dbms_output.put_line(i);
i:=i+1;
end loop;
end;
-----loop循环
declare
i number(2):=1;
begin
loop
dbms_output.put_line(i);
i:=i+1;
exit when i>10;
end loop;
end;
---for循环
begin
for i in 1..10
loop
dbms_output.put_line(i);
end loop;
end;
-----------------嵌套循环-------------------------------------
declare
begin
for i in 1..10 loop
for j in 1..10
loop
dbms_output.put_line(i||'+++++'||j);
exit when j=2;
end loop;
dbms_output.put_line('I is '|| i);
end loop;
end;
返回结果多少行？？ 2*10+10=30行
---------------普通显示游标-----------------------------
declare
cursor c1 is select * from emp;
c_row c1%rowtype;
begin
open c1;
loop
fetch c1 into c_row;
exit when c1%notfound;
dbms_output.put_line(c_row.sal||',,,'||c_row.empno||',,,'||c_row.ename);
end loop;
end;
--=------------删除某个用户下的所有表--------------------------
declare
v_sql varchar2(1024);
cursor c1 is select table_name from user_tables;
v_cur c1%rowtype;
begin
open c1;
loop
fetch c1 into v_cur;
exit when c1%notfound;
v_sql := 'drop table ' ||v_cur.table_name;
execute immediate v_sql;
end loop;
close c1;
end;
--------------------游标for循环-----------------------------
declare
cursor c2 is select * from emp;
begin
for c_row in c2
loop
dbms_output.put_line(c_row.sal||',,,'||c_row.empno||',,,'||c_row.ename);
end loop;
end;
--------------------游标例子-------------------------
create table tmp(
name varchar2(10),
sal number(10)
);
declare
cursor c3 is select t.ename,t.sal from (select * from emp order by sal desc) t where rownum<=&n;
v_ename emp.ename%type;
v_sal emp.sal%type;
begin
open c3;
loop
fetch c3 into v_ename,v_sal;
exit when c3%notfound;
insert into tmp values(v_ename,v_sal);
commit;
end loop;
end;
--------------------------高级显示游标-----------------------------------------
declare
cursor c2(v_deptno emp.deptno%type) is select * from emp where deptno=v_deptno;--高级游标，与过程很像
begin
for c_row in c2(&n)--输入想要查询的部门编号
loop
dbms_output.put_line(c_row.sal||',,,'||c_row.deptno||',,,'||c_row.ename);
end loop;
end;
declare
cursor c_row is select * from (select empno,ename,job,sal from emp order by sal desc) where rownum
begin
for c1 in c_row loop
dbms_output.put_line(c1.empno||':::'||c1.ename||'::::'||c1.job||':::'||c1.sal);
end loop;
end;
declare
cursor c_row2 is select * from (select empno,ename,job,sal from emp order by sal desc) where rownum
c2 c_row2%rowtype;
begin
open c_row2;
loop
fetch c_row2 into c2;
exit when c_row2%Notfound;
dbms_output.put_line(c2.empno||':::'||c2.ename||'::::'||c2.job||':::'||c2.sal);
end loop;
end;
-------------------游标 for update与where current of子句的应用--更新30号部门员工的工资
declare
cursor c3 is select * from emp2 where deptno=30 for update of sal;
begin
for c_row in c3
loop
update emp2 set sal=c_row.sal/1.2 where current of c3;
dbms_output.put_line(sql%rowcount);
end loop;
commit;
end;
----------------------------存储过程----------------------------------------
create or replace procedure up(v_empno emp2.empno%type)
is
v_sal emp2.sal%type;
v_ename emp2.ename%type;
v_deptno emp2.deptno%type;
begin
select sal,ename,deptno into v_sal,v_ename,v_deptno from emp2 where empno=v_empno;
if v_sal<2000 then
update emp2 set sal=v_sal+10000 where empno=v_empno;
dbms_output.put_line(v_sal||',,,'||v_ename||',,,,'||v_deptno);
else
update emp2 set sal=v_sal+20000 where empno=v_empno;
dbms_output.put_line(v_sal||',,,'||v_ename||',,,,'||v_deptno);
end if;
commit;
end;
--------
declare
v_ename emp2.ename%type;
v_deptno emp2.deptno%type;
begin
up(7900,v_ename,v_deptno);
end;
/
--------------------函数------------------------------------
create or replace function f7(v_empno emp2.empno%type,v_sal out emp2.sal%type) return number is newsal number;
begin
select sal into v_sal from emp2 where empno=v_empno;
if v_sal<800 then
newsal:=v_sal+1111;
return newsal;
dbms_output.put_line(newsal||'XXXXX');
else
newsal:=v_sal+2222;
return newsal;
dbms_output.put_line(newsal||'YYYYY');
end if;
end;
----
select * from emp2;
declare
v_sal2 emp2.sal%type; --实参的名称可以随便定义，只要类型和上面一样就行
newsal number;
begin
--newsal:=f7(7788,v_sal2); --位子法
newsal:=f7(v_empno=>7788,v_sal=>v_sal2);--名称法 就是传参
dbms_output.put_line(newsal||'YYYYY');
end;
----------------------------包------------------------------------
-----创建包头
create or replace package mypkg is
procedure up(v_empno emp2.empno%type,v_ename out emp2.ename%type,v_deptno out emp2.deptno%type);
function f7(v_empno emp2.empno%type,v_sal out emp2.sal%type) return number;
end;
------创建包体
create or replace package body mypkg is
procedure up(v_empno emp2.empno%type,v_ename out emp2.ename%type,v_deptno out emp2.deptno%type) is v_sal emp2.sal%type;
begin
select sal,ename,deptno into v_sal,v_ename,v_deptno from emp2 where empno=v_empno;
if v_sal<2000 then
update emp2 set sal=v_sal+10000 where empno=v_empno;
dbms_output.put_line(v_sal||',,,'||v_ename||',,,,'||v_deptno);
else
update emp2 set sal=v_sal+20000 where empno=v_empno;
dbms_output.put_line(v_sal||',,,'||v_ename||',,,,'||v_deptno);
end if;
commit;
end;
function f7(v_empno emp2.empno%type,v_sal out emp2.sal%type) return number is newsal number;
begin
select sal into v_sal from emp2 where empno=v_empno;
if v_sal<800 then
newsal:=v_sal+1111;
return newsal;
dbms_output.put_line(newsal||'XXXXX');
else
newsal:=v_sal+2222;
return newsal;
dbms_output.put_line(newsal||'YYYYY');
end if;
end;
end;
-------包的调用-----
declare
v_ename emp2.ename%type;
v_deptno emp2.deptno%type;
begin
mypkg.up(7900,v_ename,v_deptno);
/
declare
v_sal2 emp2.sal%type; --实参的名称可以随便定义，只要类型和上面一样就行
newsal number;
begin
--newsal:=f7(7788,v_sal2); --位子法
newsal:=mypkg.f7(v_empno=>7788,v_sal=>v_sal2);--名称法 就是传参
dbms_output.put_line(newsal||'YYYYY');
end;
-----------自定义异常----------
declare
myexce exception; --自定义一个异常
begin
delete from emp2 ;
--if sql%notfound then --判断语句是否执行了
raise myexce; --抛出异常
--end if;
commit;
exception
when myexce then ---异常处理部分
dbms_output.put_line('you can''t delete');
dbms_output.put_line(sqlcode); ---异常错误编号
dbms_output.put_line(sqlerrm); --异常错误信息
end;
-----------异常的传递--------------
declare
begin
----------内嵌异常
declare
begin
--raise too_many_rows; --自己处理异常
--raise no_data_found; --自己处理不了，抛给外部异常
-- raise zero_divide; -内部外部都处理不了，抛给编译器
exception
when too_many_rows then
dbms_output.put_line('too_many_rows is be handle1');
end;
exception
when no_data_found then
dbms_output.put_line('too_many_rows is be handle2');
end;
--------------------触发器------------------
create table depthist as select * from dept where 1=2;
create or replace trigger trigger_8 ---定义触发器 行级 :old :new
after --时间
insert or update or delete on dept2 --事件
for each row --行级
begin ---触发体
if inserting then
dbms_output.put_line('执行insert ');
insert into depthist values(:new.deptno,:new.dname,:new.loc);
dbms_output.put_line(:new.deptno||:new.dname||:new.loc|| ' 插入成功 ');
elsif updating then
dbms_output.put_line('执行update ');
insert into depthist values(:new.deptno,:new.dname,:new.loc);
insert into depthist values(:old.deptno,:old.dname,:old.loc);
elsif deleting then
dbms_output.put_line('执行delete ');
insert into depthist values(:old.deptno,:old.dname,:old.loc);
dbms_output.put_line(:old.deptno||:old.dname||:old.loc|| ' 删除成功 ');
end if;
end trigger_8;
insert into dept2 values(60,'BEIJING','BEIJING');
commit;
delete from dept2 where deptno=50;
commit;
update dept2 set dname=dname||'XX' where deptno=10;
commit;
---------------------------------------------------
------------instead of 触发器-------------------------
create or replace trigger 7
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