ajax实际应用

以上功能的实现可以借助于Ajax。首先,登录表单中的账号和密码提交到Servlet,由Servlet调用DAO进行验证,最后根据验证结果决定跳转到某个页面显示。

由于篇幅关系,对DAO的功能进行了简化,认为账号密码相等就登录成功。

以下是LoginServlet的源代码:

LoginServlet.java

    package servlets; 
    import java.io.IOException; 
    import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher; 
    import javax.servlet.ServletContext; 
    import javax.servlet.ServletException; 
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; 
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession; 
    
    public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet { 
    
        public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
    HttpServletResponse response) 
                throws ServletException, IOException { 
            String account = request.getParameter("account"); 
            String password = request.getParameter("password"); 
            String loginState = "Fail"; 
            String targetUrl = "/loginFail.jsp"; 
            //认为账号密码相等就算登录成功,此处是对DAO的简化 
            if(account.equals(password)){ 
                loginState = "Success"; 
                targetUrl = "/loginSuccess.jsp"; 
                HttpSession session = request.getSession(); 
                session.setAttribute("account", account); 
            } 
            request.setAttribute("loginState", loginState); 
            ServletContext application = this.getServletContext(); 
            RequestDispatcher rd = 
                application.getRequestDispatcher(targetUrl); 
            rd.forward(request, response); 
        } 
    }

该Servlet中,进行了数据验证,如果登录成功,跳转到loginSuccess.jsp,登录失败,跳转到loginFail.jsp。loginSuccess.jsp的代码如下:

    loginSuccess.jsp 
    <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=gb2312"%>
    <html>
        <body>
            欢迎${account}登录成功!<BR>
            您可以选择以下功能:<BR>
            <a href="">查询学生</a><BR>
            <a href="">修改学生资料</a><BR>
            <a href="">修改用户资料</a><BR>
            <a href="">退出</a><BR>
        </body>
    </html>

此处仅仅进行模拟。loginFail.jsp的代码如下:

    loginFail.jsp 
    <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html;
    charset=gb2312"%>
    <html>
        <body>
            对不起,登录失败!<BR>
            请您检查是否:<BR>
            账号名写错<BR>
            密码写错 
        </body>
    </html>

最后是login.jsp,该JSP上有一个表单,点击登录按钮,进行异步提交。代码如下:

    login.jsp 
    <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gb2312"%>
    <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
    <html>
      <body>
        <SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript">
            function login(){ 
                var account = document.loginForm.account.value; 
                var password = document.loginForm.password.value; 
                var xmlHttp=new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP"); 
                var url = 
    "servlet/LoginServlet?account="+account+"&password="+password; 
                xmlHttp.open("post", url, true); 
                xmlHttp.onreadystatechange=function() { 
                    if (xmlHttp.readyState==4) { 
                        resultDiv.innerHTML = xmlHttp.responseText; 
                    } 
                    else{ 
                        resultDiv.innerHTML += "正在登录,请稍候......"; 
                    } 
                } 
                xmlHttp.send(); 
            } 
        </SCRIPT>
        欢迎登录学生管理系统. <hr>
        <div id="resultDiv">
        <form name="loginForm">
            请您输入账号:<input type="text" name="account"><BR>
            请您输入密码:<input type="password" name="password"><BR>
            <input type="button" value="登录" onclick="login()">
        </form>
        </div>
      </body>
    </html>

运行,即可得到相应的效果。

注意,此处的按钮类型千万不要写成submit,否则会造成表单提交,界面刷新,不是Ajax效果。

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