Mariadb10.5基于同服务器多实例主从配置
本次部署环境：Centos8stream
本次部署mariadb版本： mariadb:10.5
本次部署方式：rpm包直接安装，并通过systemd直接托管
可以参考 /usr/lib/systemd/system/[email protected] 该文件
# Multi instance version of mariadb. For if you run mutiple verions at once.
# Also used for mariadb@bootstrap to bootstrap Galera.
#
# To use multi instance variant, use [mysqld.INSTANCENAME] as sections in my.cnf
# and start the service via:
# systemctl start mariadb@{instancename}.server
#
# It's not recommended to modify this file in-place, because it will be
# overwritten during package upgrades. If you want to customize, the
# best way is to create a file "/etc/systemd/system/mariadb.service",
# containing
# .include /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service
# ...make your changes here...
# or create a file "/etc/systemd/system/mariadb.service.d/foo.conf",
# which doesn't need to include ".include" call and which will be parsed
# after the file mariadb.service itself is parsed.
#
# For more info about custom unit files, see systemd.unit(5) or
# http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd#How_do_I_customize_a_unit_file.2F_add_a_custom_unit_file.3F
# For example, if you want to increase mysql's open-files-limit to 10000,
# you need to increase systemd's LimitNOFILE setting, so create a file named
# "/etc/systemd/system/mariadb.service.d/limits.conf" containing:
# [Service]
# LimitNOFILE=10000
# Note: /usr/lib/... is recommended in the .include line though /lib/...
# still works.
# Don't forget to reload systemd daemon after you change unit configuration:
# root> systemctl --system daemon-reload
# Use [mysqld.INSTANCENAME] as sections in my.cnf to configure this instance.1.安装数据库
centos8stream 默认是 10.3，需要重置默认版本并安装
a.通过命令查看系统可支持的版本
dnf module list mariadbb.重置默认版本，并安装
dnf module reset mariadb -y
dnf module enable mariadb:10.5 -y
dnf install mariadb-server mariadb -y2.修改配置 /etc/my.cnf.d/mariadb-server.cnf
[mysqld.master]
server_id = 1
port = 3306
log-bin=/var/log/mariadb/mysql-bin
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
[mysqld.slave]
server_id = 2
port = 3307
datadir=/var/lib/mysql-slave
socket=/var/lib/mysql-slave/mysql-slave.sock
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb-slave.log
pid-file=/run/mariadb/mariadb-slave.pid
3.创建数据库目录并授权
mkdir -pv /var/lib/mysql-slave
chown mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysql-slave4.启动主节点和从节点
systemctl restart mariadb@master
systemctl restart mariadb@slave 
5.配置slave授权，并查看当前binlog日志点
a.主节点操作
grant replication client,replication slave on *.* to 'repluser'@'127.0.0.1' identified by 'replpass';
b.从节点操作
change master to master_host='127.0.0.1',master_user='repluser',master_password='replpass',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=770;- master_host='127.0.0.1' # 主节点授权ip
- master_user='repluser' # 主节点用户
- master_password='replpass' # 主节点密码
- master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001' # 主节点show master status获取的File名称
- master_log_pos=770 # 主节点show master status获取的Position信息
查看slave信息
MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 127.0.0.1
Master_User: repluser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 770
Relay_Log_File: mariadb-slave-relay-bin.000001
Relay_Log_Pos: 4
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: No
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 770
Relay_Log_Space: 256
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 0
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Using_Gtid: No
Gtid_IO_Pos:
Replicate_Do_Domain_Ids:
Replicate_Ignore_Domain_Ids:
Parallel_Mode: optimistic
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State:
Slave_DDL_Groups: 0
Slave_Non_Transactional_Groups: 0
Slave_Transactional_Groups: 0
1 row in set (0.000 sec)
从上面打印的信息可以看到
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: No
说明slave服务还未开启，需要通过下面mysql命令启动
start slave;启动slave并检查同步状态
MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 127.0.0.1
Master_User: repluser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 770
Relay_Log_File: mariadb-slave-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 555
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 770
Relay_Log_Space: 872
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Using_Gtid: No
Gtid_IO_Pos:
Replicate_Do_Domain_Ids:
Replicate_Ignore_Domain_Ids:
Parallel_Mode: optimistic
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Slave_DDL_Groups: 0
Slave_Non_Transactional_Groups: 0
Slave_Transactional_Groups: 0
1 row in set (0.000 sec)