OpenStack安装教程

0、说明

  • 本教程安装QueenS版本的OpenStack,采用all in one的方式安装(即:所有组件均安装在同一个机器上)
  • 本教程亲测可用,已经部署完成
  • OpenStack官网安装手册:https://docs.openstack.org/install-guide/

1、搭建基础环境

1.1、安装VMWare

使用VMWare16 pro版本,下载地址:https://www.vmware.com/cn/products/workstation-pro/workstation-pro-evaluation.html

1.2、下载CentoOS7

使用CentOS7系统,下载地址:https://www.vmware.com/cn/products/workstation-pro/workstation-pro-evaluation.html

1.3、安装虚拟机

  • 安装教程:https://blog.csdn.net/babyxue/article/details/80970526

  • 虚拟机配置如下:

    RAM:大于10GB,否则OpenStack安装完成后,虚拟机运行会卡顿。

    ROM:100GB,分两块磁盘,sda用于存放CentOS系统,sdb用于存放LVM(cinder的数据卷)。

    网卡:enss33用于虚拟机访问网络,enss37用于OpenStack组件之间的通信(all in one的方式,实际上不需要用到enss37网卡)
    OpenStack安装教程_第1张图片

2、准备工作

2.1、禁用SELinux

作用:不禁用SELinux可能会导致openstack newton Apache无法启动。

错误如下:"Devstack fail to start apache2 -“Address already in use”:“coild not bind to address”

解决方式:配置/etc/selinux/config,关闭SELINUX

[root@controller /]# cat /etc/selinux/config

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected. 
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted 

2.2、关闭防火墙

作用:免去配置OpenStack各个节点时,需要不断手动开启端口的麻烦。但是在实际生产环境中绝对不允许这样做,这会引起安全问题。

[root@controller ~]# systemctl stop firewalld 
[root@controller ~]# systemctl disable firewalld

2.3、配置网卡

CentOS系统默认使用DHCP(动态主机配置协议)分配网卡IP。此处,建议使用static(静态)网卡IP,因为在VMWare的虚拟机重启之后,虚拟机的网卡IP可能会变化,这就会导致OpenStack其他节点配置的网卡IP无法使用。

  • 查看当前网卡IP

    [root@controller /]# ifconfig
    ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
            inet 192.168.83.139  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.83.255
            inet6 fe80::c62f:bd78:ba20:b81  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
            ether 00:0c:29:5b:0e:1c  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
            RX packets 15733  bytes 10884363 (10.3 MiB)
            RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
            TX packets 11840  bytes 6242032 (5.9 MiB)
            TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
    
  • 配置网卡IP

    [root@controller /]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
    TYPE=Ethernet
    PROXY_METHOD=none
    BROWSER_ONLY=no
    DEFROUTE=yes
    IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
    IPV6INIT=yes
    IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
    IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
    IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
    IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
    NAME=ens33
    UUID=038e74ab-c77d-4f83-b67b-dabde3a03c1d
    DEVICE=ens33
    #更改的部分
    ONBOOT=yes
    BOOTPROTO=static
    IPADDR=192.168.83.139
    GATEWAY=192.168.83.2
    NETMASK=255.255.255.0
    DNS1=114.114.114.114
    

    若需要配置第二张网卡enss37,则将上面的NAME、DEVICE更改后,删除UUID,并配置新的IPADDR,即可。

2.4、配置主机名

#设置主机名
[root@controller ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname controller 

#查看设置
[root@controller ~]# hostname 
controller 

#修改hosts文件:controller域名,解析时指向本机的网卡IP
[root@controller ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

192.168.83.139 controller

2.5、设置时区

[root@controller ~]# cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime cp: overwrite ‘/etc/localtime’? y 
[root@controller ~]# date Tue Jul 20 16:13:44 CST 2021

3、安装软件

注意:安装软件时,如果出现安装失败的情况,可能是因为网络原因导致的。只需要再次执行安装命令即可。

3.1、安装NTP

用于同步各个节点的时间。需要安装Chrony,通常情况下安装在控制器节点,其他节点则同步控制节点的时间,来达到各个节点时间一致的效果。

#安装chrony
[root@controller /]# yum install chrony -y

#配置(可选)
[root@controller /]# vim /etc/chrony.conf
server 0.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst

#启动软件、设置开机启动
[root@controller /]# systemctl start chronyd.service
[root@controller /]# systemctl enable chronyd.service

3.2、添加OpenStack软件源

网络上发布的OpenStack存在多个不同版本,eg:Victoria、Queens、Train等。本次使用的时Queens版本。

#添加Queens版本源
[root@controller ~]# yum install centos-release-openstack-queens -y 

#升级软件包
[root@controller ~]# yum upgrade -y

#安装OpenStack Client
[root@controller ~]# yum install python-openstackclient -y

3.3、安装SQL数据库

通常情况下,数据库安装在控制节点上,用于存储OpenStack的数据。

#安装SQL
[root@controller ~]# yum install mariadb mariadb-server python2-PyMySQL -y

#配置SQL
[root@controller /]# vim /etc/my.cnf.d/openstack.cnf
[mysqld]
#修改为本机的网卡IP
bind-address = 192.168.83.139

default-storage-engine = innodb
innodb_file_per_table = on
max_connections = 4096
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
character-set-server = utf8

#设置开机自启、启动SQL
[root@controller /]# systemctl enable mariadb.service
[root@controller /]# systemctl start mariadb.service

#设置SQL数据库的root账号、密码
[root@controller /]# mysql_secure_installation

3.4、安装消息队列

消息队列服务通常安装在控制器节点上。用于协调服务之间的操作和状态信息。

#安装MQ
[root@controller /]# yum install rabbitmq-server

#设置开机自启、启动MQ
[root@controller /]# systemctl enable rabbitmq-server.service
[root@controller /]# systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service

#添加MQ用户,设置密码
[root@controller /]# rabbitmqctl add_user openstack RABBIT_PASS

#允许openstack用户进行配置、写入和读取访问
[root@controller /]# rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*"

3.5、安装Memcached

Memcached 服务通常安装在控制器节点上。服务的身份服务认证机制使用 Memcached 来缓存token令牌。

#安装
[root@controller /]# yum install memcached python-memcached

#配置
[root@controller /]# vim /etc/sysconfig/memcached
PORT="11211"
USER="memcached"
MAXCONN="1024"
CACHESIZE="64"
#新增controller域名,其他节点可以通过该域名直接访问
OPTIONS="-l 127.0.0.1,::1,controller"

#设置开机自启、启动软件
[root@controller /]# systemctl enable memcached.service
[root@controller /]# systemctl start memcached.service

3.6、安装ETCD数据库

用于分布式密钥锁定、存储配置、跟踪服务实时性和其他场景

#安装etcd
[root@controller /]# yum install etcd

#配置etcd:
#ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER, ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS, ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS,ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS设置为控制节点的IP(即:本机的网卡IP)
[root@controller /]# vim /etc/etcd/etcd.conf
[Member]
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.83.139:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://localhost:2379,http://192.168.83.139:2379"
ETCD_NAME="controller"
[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.83.139:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.83.139:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="controller=http://192.168.83.139:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster-01"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

#设置开机自启、启动软件
[root@controller /]# systemctl enable etcd
[root@controller /]# systemctl start etcd

4、安装OpenStack

注意:本次安装的是Queens版本

4.1、默认密码

本次安装OpenStack所有的组件,均使用默认密码。

Password name Description
Database password (no variable used) Root password for the database
ADMIN_PASS Password of user admin
CINDER_DBPASS Database password for the Block Storage service
CINDER_PASS Password of Block Storage service user cinder
DASH_DBPASS Database password for the Dashboard
DEMO_PASS Password of user demo
GLANCE_DBPASS Database password for Image service
GLANCE_PASS Password of Image service user glance
KEYSTONE_DBPASS Database password of Identity service
METADATA_SECRET Secret for the metadata proxy
NEUTRON_DBPASS Database password for the Networking service
NEUTRON_PASS Password of Networking service user neutron
NOVA_DBPASS Database password for Compute service
NOVA_PASS Password of Compute service user nova
PLACEMENT_PASS Password of the Placement service user placement
RABBIT_PASS Password of RabbitMQ user openstack

4.2、安装Keystone

4.2.1、安装Keystone步骤

  • 作用:用于管理身份验证、授权和服务目录。通过身份验证后,最终用户可以使用他们的身份访问其他 OpenStack 服务。

  • 创建数据库

    #登录数据库
    [root@controller /]# mysql -u root -p
    
    #创建keystone数据库
    MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE keystone;
    
    #用户登录授权
    #本地登录
    MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'localhost' \
    IDENTIFIED BY 'KEYSTONE_DBPASS';
    #远程登录
    MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'%' \
    IDENTIFIED BY 'KEYSTONE_DBPASS';
    
  • 安装、配置keystone

    #安装软件
    [root@controller /]# yum install openstack-keystone httpd mod_wsgi
    
    #配置keystone.conf
    [root@controller /]# vim /etc/keystone/keystone.conf 
    
    [database]
    connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:KEYSTONE_DBPASS@controller/keystone
    
    [token]
    provider = fernet
    
    #填充keystone数据库
    [root@controller /]# su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone
    
    #初始化Fernet密钥库
    [root@controller /]# keystone-manage fernet_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone
    [root@controller /]# keystone-manage credential_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone
    
    #引导身份服务
    [root@controller /]# keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password ADMIN_PASS \
                          --bootstrap-admin-url http://controller:5000/v3/ \
                          --bootstrap-internal-url http://controller:5000/v3/ \
                          --bootstrap-public-url http://controller:5000/v3/ \
                          --bootstrap-region-id RegionOne
                          
    
  • 配置Apache HTTP服务

    #配置httpd.conf
    [root@controller /]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
    ServerName controller
    
    #创建软链接
    [root@controller /]# /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf
    
  • 配置系统环境

    [root@controller /]# systemctl enable httpd.service
    [root@controller /]# systemctl start httpd.service
    
    #配置管理账户
    [root@controller /]# export OS_USERNAME=admin \
    					 export OS_PASSWORD=ADMIN_PASS \
    					 export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin \
    					 export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default \
    					 export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default \
    					 export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3 \
    					 export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
    
  • 创建域、项目、用户、角色信息

    • 此处创建一个示例域:example

      #创建域
      [root@controller /]# openstack domain create --description "An Example Domain" example
      +-------------+----------------------------------+
      | Field       | Value                            |
      +-------------+----------------------------------+
      | description | An Example Domain                |
      | enabled     | True                             |
      | id          | 2f4f80574fd84fe6ba9067228ae0a50c |
      | name        | example                          |
      +-------------+----------------------------------+
      
      #创建项目
      [root@controller /]# openstack project create --domain default \
        					 --description "Service Project" service
      +-------------+----------------------------------+
      | Field       | Value                            |
      +-------------+----------------------------------+
      | description | Service Project                  |
      | domain_id   | default                          |
      | enabled     | True                             |
      | id          | 24ac7f19cd944f4cba1d77469b2a73ed |
      | is_domain   | False                            |
      | name        | service                          |
      | parent_id   | default                          |
      +-------------+----------------------------------+
      
    • 创建一个demo项目

      #创建demo项目
      [root@controller /]# openstack project create --domain default \
                           --description "Demo Project" demo
      +-------------+----------------------------------+
      | Field       | Value                            |
      +-------------+----------------------------------+
      | description | Demo Project                     |
      | domain_id   | default                          |
      | enabled     | True                             |
      | id          | 231ad6e7ebba47d6a1e57e1cc07ae446 |
      | is_domain   | False                            |
      | name        | demo                             |
      | parent_id   | default                          |
      +-------------+----------------------------------+
      
      #创建demo项目的用户
      [root@controller /]# openstack user create --domain default \
                           --password-prompt demo
      #填入默认密码:DEMO_PASS
      User Password:
      Repeat User Password:
      +---------------------+----------------------------------+
      | Field               | Value                            |
      +---------------------+----------------------------------+
      | domain_id           | default                          |
      | enabled             | True                             |
      | id                  | aeda23aa78f44e859900e22c24817832 |
      | name                | demo                             |
      | options             | {}                               |
      | password_expires_at | None                             |
      +---------------------+----------------------------------+
      
      #创建角色
      [root@controller /]# openstack role create user
      +-----------+----------------------------------+
      | Field     | Value                            |
      +-----------+----------------------------------+
      | domain_id | None                             |
      | id        | 997ce8d05fc143ac97d83fdfb5998552 |
      | name      | user                             |
      +-----------+----------------------------------+
      
      #为demo项目的用户:demoe,赋予角色:user
      [root@controller /]# openstack role add --project demo --user demo user
      

4.2.2、验证是否成功安装

#取消设置临时OS_AUTH_URL和OS_PASSWORD 环境变量
[root@controller /]# unset OS_AUTH_URL OS_PASSWORD

#
[root@controller /]# openstack --os-auth-url http://controller:35357/v3 \
  --os-project-domain-name Default --os-user-domain-name Default \
  --os-project-name admin --os-username admin token issue
#此处填入的密码为用户demo的密码,默认为DEMO_PASS
Password:
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field      | Value                                                           |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| expires    | 2016-02-12T20:14:07.056119Z                                     |
| id         | gAAAAABWvi7_B8kKQD9wdXac8MoZiQldmjEO643d-e_j-XXq9AmIegIbA7UHGPv |
|            | atnN21qtOMjCFWX7BReJEQnVOAj3nclRQgAYRsfSU_MrsuWb4EDtnjU7HEpoBb4 |
|            | o6ozsA_NmFWEpLeKy0uNn_WeKbAhYygrsmQGA49dclHVnz-OMVLiyM9ws       |
| project_id | 343d245e850143a096806dfaefa9afdc                                |
| user_id    | ac3377633149401296f6c0d92d79dc16                                |
+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+

4.2.3、创建OpenStack客户端脚本

  • 为什么需要使用脚本?

    由于之前,配置系统环境时,使用的是export命令,该命令用于临时配置环境变量,当系统重启或者执行export明令的终端关闭后,该环境变量就无法使用了,导致openstack命令无法被执行。

  • 需要创建的脚本如下:

    为管理(admin)和演示(demo)项目以及用户创建客户端环境脚本。即:获取相应权限的CLI命令(Command Line Interface),通过命令的方式进行交互。这两个脚本可以存放在同一个目录中。

    • admin-openrc

      export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
      export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
      export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
      export OS_USERNAME=admin
      export OS_PASSWORD=ADMIN_PASS
      export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
      export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
      export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2
      
    • demo-openrc

      export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
      export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
      export OS_PROJECT_NAME=demo
      export OS_USERNAME=demo
      export OS_PASSWORD=DEMO_PASS
      export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
      export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
      export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2
      
  • 使用脚本的方式

    [root@controller /]# . admin-openrc
    
    #请求身份验证令牌
    [root@controller /]# openstack token issue
    +------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
    | Field      | Value                                                           |
    +------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
    | expires    | 2016-02-12T20:44:35.659723Z                                     |
    | id         | gAAAAABWvjYj-Zjfg8WXFaQnUd1DMYTBVrKw4h3fIagi5NoEmh21U72SrRv2trl |
    |            | JWFYhLi2_uPR31Igf6A8mH2Rw9kv_bxNo1jbLNPLGzW_u5FC7InFqx0yYtTwa1e |
    |            | eq2b0f6-18KZyQhs7F3teAta143kJEWuNEYET-y7u29y0be1_64KYkM7E       |
    | project_id | 343d245e850143a096806dfaefa9afdc                                |
    | user_id    | ac3377633149401296f6c0d92d79dc16                                |
    +------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
    

4.3、安装Glance

4.3.1、安装Glance步骤

  • 作用:提供发现、注册和检索虚拟机镜像的功能。

  • 创建数据库

    #登录数据库
    [root@controller /]# mysql -u root -p
    
    #创建glance数据库
    MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE glance;
    
    #授权
    MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'localhost' \
      IDENTIFIED BY 'GLANCE_DBPASS';
    MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'%' \
      IDENTIFIED BY 'GLANCE_DBPASS';
    
  • 获取管理员的CLI命令

    [root@controller /]# . admin-openrc
    
  • 创建服务凭证:用户、角色信息,镜像服务端点

    #创建glance用户
    [root@controller /]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt glance
    #此处使用默认密码:GLANCE_PASS
    User Password:
    Repeat User Password:
    +---------------------+----------------------------------+
    | Field               | Value                            |
    +---------------------+----------------------------------+
    | domain_id           | default                          |
    | enabled             | True                             |
    | id                  | 3f4e777c4062483ab8d9edd7dff829df |
    | name                | glance                           |
    | options             | {}                               |
    | password_expires_at | None                             |
    +---------------------+----------------------------------+
    
    #为glance用户添加角色信息
    [root@controller /]# openstack role add --project service --user glance admin
    
    #创建glance服务实例
    [root@controller /]# openstack service create --name glance \
                         --description "OpenStack Image" image
    
    +-------------+----------------------------------+
    | Field       | Value                            |
    +-------------+----------------------------------+
    | description | OpenStack Image                  |
    | enabled     | True                             |
    | id          | 8c2c7f1b9b5049ea9e63757b5533e6d2 |
    | name        | glance                           |
    | type        | image                            |
    +-------------+----------------------------------+
    
  • 创建镜像服务的API端点:一共需要创建3种

    #public类型
    [root@controller /]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
                         image public http://controller:9292
    
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    | Field        | Value                            |
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    | enabled      | True                             |
    | id           | 340be3625e9b4239a6415d034e98aace |
    | interface    | public                           |
    | region       | RegionOne                        |
    | region_id    | RegionOne                        |
    | service_id   | 8c2c7f1b9b5049ea9e63757b5533e6d2 |
    | service_name | glance                           |
    | service_type | image                            |
    | url          | http://controller:9292           |
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    
    #admin类型
    [root@controller /]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
                         image admin http://controller:9292
    
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    | Field        | Value                            |
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    | enabled      | True                             |
    | id           | 0c37ed58103f4300a84ff125a539032d |
    | interface    | admin                            |
    | region       | RegionOne                        |
    | region_id    | RegionOne                        |
    | service_id   | 8c2c7f1b9b5049ea9e63757b5533e6d2 |
    | service_name | glance                           |
    | service_type | image                            |
    | url          | http://controller:9292           |
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    
    #internal类型
    [root@controller /]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
                         image internal http://controller:9292
    
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    | Field        | Value                            |
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    | enabled      | True                             |
    | id           | a6e4b153c2ae4c919eccfdbb7dceb5d2 |
    | interface    | internal                         |
    | region       | RegionOne                        |
    | region_id    | RegionOne                        |
    | service_id   | 8c2c7f1b9b5049ea9e63757b5533e6d2 |
    | service_name | glance                           |
    | service_type | image                            |
    | url          | http://controller:9292           |
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    
  • 安装、配置glance

    #安装glance
    [root@controller /]# yum install openstack-glance
    
    #配置glance-api.conf
    [root@controller /]# vim /etc/glance/glance-api.conf 
    [database]
    connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:GLANCE_DBPASS@controller/glance
    
    [keystone_authtoken]
    auth_uri = http://controller:5000
    auth_url = http://controller:5000
    memcached_servers = controller:11211
    auth_type = password
    project_domain_name = Default
    user_domain_name = Default
    project_name = service
    username = glance
    password = GLANCE_PASS
    
    [paste_deploy]
    flavor = keystone
    
    [glance_store]
    stores = file,http
    default_store = file
    filesystem_store_datadir = /var/lib/glance/images/
    
    #配置glance-registry.conf
    [root@controller /]# vim /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf
    [database]
    connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:GLANCE_DBPASS@controller/glance
    
    [keystone_authtoken]
    auth_uri = http://controller:5000
    auth_url = http://controller:5000
    memcached_servers = controller:11211
    auth_type = password
    project_domain_name = Default
    user_domain_name = Default
    project_name = service
    username = glance
    password = GLANCE_PASS
    
    [paste_deploy]
    flavor = keystone
    
    #填充lance数据库
    [root@controller /]# su -s /bin/sh -c "glance-manage db_sync" glance
    
    
  • 配置环境

    开机自启动、启动glance

    [root@controller /]# systemctl enable openstack-glance-api.service \
                         openstack-glance-registry.service
    [root@controller /]# systemctl start openstack-glance-api.service \
                         openstack-glance-registry.service
    

4.3.2、验证是否成功安装

使用CirrOS验证 Image 服务是否可用:使用OpenStack 部署一个小型 Linux 映像(eg:cirros-cloud)

[root@controller /]# . admin-openrc

[root@controller /]# wget http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.4.0/cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img

[root@controller /]# openstack image create "cirros" \
  --file cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img \
  --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare \
  --public
+------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| Field            | Value                                                |
+------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| checksum         | 133eae9fb1c98f45894a4e60d8736619                     |
| container_format | bare                                                 |
| created_at       | 2015-03-26T16:52:10Z                                 |
| disk_format      | qcow2                                                |
| file             | /v2/images/cc5c6982-4910-471e-b864-1098015901b5/file |
| id               | cc5c6982-4910-471e-b864-1098015901b5                 |
| min_disk         | 0                                                    |
| min_ram          | 0                                                    |
| name             | cirros                                               |
| owner            | ae7a98326b9c455588edd2656d723b9d                     |
| protected        | False                                                |
| schema           | /v2/schemas/image                                    |
| size             | 13200896                                             |
| status           | active                                               |
| tags             |                                                      |
| updated_at       | 2015-03-26T16:52:10Z                                 |
| virtual_size     | None                                                 |
| visibility       | public                                               |
+------------------+------------------------------------------------------+

[root@controller /]# openstack image list
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| ID                                   | Name   | Status |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| 38047887-61a7-41ea-9b49-27987d5e8bb9 | cirros | active |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+

4.4、安装Nova

4.4.1、安装、配置控制节点

  • 创建Nova数据库

    #进入数据库
    [root@controller /]# mysql -u root -p
    
    #创建数据库
    MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova_api;
    MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova;
    MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova_cell0;
    
    #数据库授权
    MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' \
      IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
    MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'%' \
      IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
    
    MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' \
      IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
    MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'%' \
      IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
    
    MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' \
      IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
    MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'%' \
      IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
    
  • 获取管理员的CLI命令

    [root@controller /]# . admin-openrc
    
  • 创建计算服务凭证

    #创建nova用户
    [root@controller /]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt nova
    #使用默认密码:NOVA_PASS
    User Password:
    Repeat User Password:
    +---------------------+----------------------------------+
    | Field               | Value                            |
    +---------------------+----------------------------------+
    | domain_id           | default                          |
    | enabled             | True                             |
    | id                  | 8a7dbf5279404537b1c7b86c033620fe |
    | name                | nova                             |
    | options             | {}                               |
    | password_expires_at | None                             |
    +---------------------+----------------------------------+
    
    #为nova用户添加角色
    [root@controller /]# openstack role add --project service --user nova admin
    
    #创建nova服务实例
    [root@controller /]# openstack service create --name nova \
                         --description "OpenStack Compute" compute
    
    +-------------+----------------------------------+
    | Field       | Value                            |
    +-------------+----------------------------------+
    | description | OpenStack Compute                |
    | enabled     | True                             |
    | id          | 060d59eac51b4594815603d75a00aba2 |
    | name        | nova                             |
    | type        | compute                          |
    +-------------+----------------------------------+
    
    #创建计算API端点:3种
    [root@controller /]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
                         compute public http://controller:8774/v2.1
    +--------------+-------------------------------------------+
    | Field        | Value                                     |
    +--------------+-------------------------------------------+
    | enabled      | True                                      |
    | id           | 3c1caa473bfe4390a11e7177894bcc7b          |
    | interface    | public                                    |
    | region       | RegionOne                                 |
    | region_id    | RegionOne                                 |
    | service_id   | 060d59eac51b4594815603d75a00aba2          |
    | service_name | nova                                      |
    | service_type | compute                                   |
    | url          | http://controller:8774/v2.1               |
    +--------------+-------------------------------------------+
    
    [root@controller /]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
                         compute public http://controller:8774/v2.1
    +--------------+-------------------------------------------+
    | Field        | Value                                     |
    +--------------+-------------------------------------------+
    | enabled      | True                                      |
    | id           | 3c1caa473bfe4390a11e7177894bcc7b          |
    | interface    | public                                    |
    | region       | RegionOne                                 |
    | region_id    | RegionOne                                 |
    | service_id   | 060d59eac51b4594815603d75a00aba2          |
    | service_name | nova                                      |
    | service_type | compute                                   |
    | url          | http://controller:8774/v2.1               |
    +--------------+-------------------------------------------+
    
    [root@controller /]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
                         compute admin http://controller:8774/v2.1
    +--------------+-------------------------------------------+
    | Field        | Value                                     |
    +--------------+-------------------------------------------+
    | enabled      | True                                      |
    | id           | 38f7af91666a47cfb97b4dc790b94424          |
    | interface    | admin                                     |
    | region       | RegionOne                                 |
    | region_id    | RegionOne                                 |
    | service_id   | 060d59eac51b4594815603d75a00aba2          |
    | service_name | nova                                      |
    | service_type | compute                                   |
    | url          | http://controller:8774/v2.1               |
    +--------------+-------------------------------------------+
    
    
    #创建放置服务用户(placement)
    [root@controller /]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt placement
    #使用默认密码:PLACEMENT_PASS
    User Password:
    Repeat User Password:
    +---------------------+----------------------------------+
    | Field               | Value                            |
    +---------------------+----------------------------------+
    | domain_id           | default                          |
    | enabled             | True                             |
    | id                  | fa742015a6494a949f67629884fc7ec8 |
    | name                | placement                        |
    | options             | {}                               |
    | password_expires_at | None                             |
    +---------------------+----------------------------------+
    
    #为placement用户添加角色信息
    [root@controller /]# openstack role add --project service --user placement admin
    
    #在服务目录中创建Placement API条目
    [root@controller /]# openstack service create --name placement --description "Placement API" placement
    +-------------+----------------------------------+
    | Field       | Value                            |
    +-------------+----------------------------------+
    | description | Placement API                    |
    | enabled     | True                             |
    | id          | 2d1a27022e6e4185b86adac4444c495f |
    | name        | placement                        |
    | type        | placement                        |
    +-------------+----------------------------------+
    
    #创建Placement API服务端点:3种
    [root@controller /]#  openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement public http://controller:8780
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    | Field        | Value                            |
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    | enabled      | True                             |
    | id           | 2b1b2637908b4137a9c2e0470487cbc0 |
    | interface    | public                           |
    | region       | RegionOne                        |
    | region_id    | RegionOne                        |
    | service_id   | 2d1a27022e6e4185b86adac4444c495f |
    | service_name | placement                        |
    | service_type | placement                        |
    | url          | http://controller:8780           |
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    
    [root@controller /]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement internal http://controller:8780
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    | Field        | Value                            |
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    | enabled      | True                             |
    | id           | 02bcda9a150a4bd7993ff4879df971ab |
    | interface    | internal                         |
    | region       | RegionOne                        |
    | region_id    | RegionOne                        |
    | service_id   | 2d1a27022e6e4185b86adac4444c495f |
    | service_name | placement                        |
    | service_type | placement                        |
    | url          | http://controller:8780           |
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    
    [root@controller /]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement admin http://controller:8780
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    | Field        | Value                            |
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    | enabled      | True                             |
    | id           | 3d71177b9e0f406f98cbff198d74b182 |
    | interface    | admin                            |
    | region       | RegionOne                        |
    | region_id    | RegionOne                        |
    | service_id   | 2d1a27022e6e4185b86adac4444c495f |
    | service_name | placement                        |
    | service_type | placement                        |
    | url          | http://controller:8780           |
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    
  • 安装、配置Glance服务

#安装Nova服务
[root@controller /]# zypper install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-scheduler \
                     openstack-nova-conductor openstack-nova-consoleauth \
                     openstack-nova-novncproxy openstack-nova-placement-api \
                     iptables

#配置nova.conf
[root@controller /]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf 
[DEFAULT]
enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata

[api_database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@controller/nova_api

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@controller/nova

[DEFAULT]
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@controller

[api]
auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = NOVA_PASS

[DEFAULT]
my_ip = 10.0.0.11
use_neutron = True
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver

[vnc]
enabled = true
server_listen = $my_ip
server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip

[glance]
api_servers = http://controller:9292

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/run/nova

[placement]
os_region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
username = placement
password = PLACEMENT_PASS

#填充Nova-api数据库
[root@controller /]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova

#注册cell0数据库
[root@controller /]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 map_cell0" nova

#创建cell1单元:此处会生成一个UUID
[root@controller /]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 create_cell --name=cell1 --verbose" nova

#填充nova数据库
[root@controller /]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova

#验证novecell0、cell1是否正确注册
[root@controller /]# nova-manage cell_v2 list_cells
+-------+--------------------------------------+
| Name  | UUID                                 |
+-------+--------------------------------------+
| cell1 | 109e1d4b-536a-40d0-83c6-5f121b82b650 |
| cell0 | 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000 |
+-------+--------------------------------------+
  • 配置环境

    #重命名配置文件:将源配置文件拿过来使用
    [root@controller /]# mv /etc/apache2/vhosts.d/nova-placement-api.conf.sample /etc/apache2/vhosts.d/nova-placement-api.conf
    
    #重新加载apache服务
    [root@controller /]# systemctl reload apache2.service
    
    #开机自启动、启动nova服务
    [root@controller /]# systemctl enable openstack-nova-api.service \
                         openstack-nova-consoleauth.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service \
                         openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
    [root@controller /]# systemctl start openstack-nova-api.service \
                         openstack-nova-consoleauth.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service \
                         openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
    

4.4.2、安装、配置计算节点

  • 安装、配置Nova-compute

    #安装软件
    [root@controller /]# yum install openstack-nova-compute
    
    #配置nova.conf
    [root@controller /]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
    [DEFAULT]
    enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
    transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@controller
    
    [api]
    auth_strategy = keystone
    
    [keystone_authtoken]
    auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
    memcached_servers = controller:11211
    auth_type = password
    project_domain_name = default
    user_domain_name = default
    project_name = service
    username = nova
    password = NOVA_PASS
    
    [DEFAULT]
    #MANAGEMENT_INTERFACE_IP_ADDRESS:替换为本机的网卡IP
    my_ip = MANAGEMENT_INTERFACE_IP_ADDRESS
    use_neutron = True
    firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
    
    [vnc]
    enabled = True
    server_listen = 0.0.0.0
    server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip
    novncproxy_base_url = http://controller:6080/vnc_auto.html
    
    [glance]
    api_servers = http://controller:9292
    
    [oslo_concurrency]
    lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp
    
    [placement]
    os_region_name = RegionOne
    project_domain_name = Default
    project_name = service
    auth_type = password
    user_domain_name = Default
    auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
    username = placement
    password = PLACEMENT_PASS
    
  • 配置环境

    #判断VMWware的虚拟机是否开启虚拟加速
    [root@controller /]# egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo
    
    #若上述命令的输出结果 = 0,则需要执行此步骤(说明未开启虚拟加速,需要配置nova.conf的virt_type )
    [root@controller /]# vim  /etc/nova/nova.conf
    [libvirt]
    # 默认是KVM
    virt_type = qemu
    
    #设置开机自启动、启动nova-compute服务
    [root@controller /]# systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
    [root@controller /]# systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
    
  • 获取管理员的CLI命令

    [root@controller /]# . admin-openrc
    
  • 将计算节点添加至cell数据库种

    #确认数据库中存在host主机
    [root@controller /]# openstack compute service list --service nova-compute
    +----+-------+--------------+------+-------+---------+----------------------------+
    | ID | Host  | Binary       | Zone | State | Status  | Updated At                 |
    +----+-------+--------------+------+-------+---------+----------------------------+
    | 1  | node1 | nova-compute | nova | up    | enabled | 2017-04-14T15:30:44.000000 |
    +----+-------+--------------+------+-------+---------+----------------------------+
    
    #发现计算主机
    [root@controller /]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts --verbose" nova
    Found 2 cell mappings.
    Skipping cell0 since it does not contain hosts.
    Getting compute nodes from cell 'cell1': ad5a5985-a719-4567-98d8-8d148aaae4bc
    Found 1 computes in cell: ad5a5985-a719-4567-98d8-8d148aaae4bc
    Checking host mapping for compute host 'compute': fe58ddc1-1d65-4f87-9456-bc040dc106b3
    Creating host mapping for compute host 'compute': fe58ddc1-1d65-4f87-9456-bc040dc106b3
    

4.5、安装Neutron

4.5.1、安装、配置控制节点

  • 创建数据库

    #进入数据库
    [root@controller /]# mysql -u root -p
    
    #创建数据库
    MariaDB [(none)] CREATE DATABASE neutron;
    
    #授权
    MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'localhost' \
      IDENTIFIED BY 'NEUTRON_DBPASS';
    MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'%' \
      IDENTIFIED BY 'NEUTRON_DBPASS';
      
    
  • 获取管理员的CLI命令

    [root@controller /]# . admin-openrc
    
  • 创建服务凭证

    #创建Neutron用户
    [root@controller /]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt neutron
    #此处使用默认密码:NEUTRON_PASS
    User Password:
    Repeat User Password:
    +---------------------+----------------------------------+
    | Field               | Value                            |
    +---------------------+----------------------------------+
    | domain_id           | default                          |
    | enabled             | True                             |
    | id                  | fdb0f541e28141719b6a43c8944bf1fb |
    | name                | neutron                          |
    | options             | {}                               |
    | password_expires_at | None                             |
    +---------------------+----------------------------------+
    
    #添加Neutron用户的juese
    [root@controller /]# openstack role add --project service --user neutron admin
    
    #创建Neutron服务实例
    [root@controller /]# openstack service create --name neutron \
                         --description "OpenStack Networking" network
    +-------------+----------------------------------+
    | Field       | Value                            |
    +-------------+----------------------------------+
    | description | OpenStack Networking             |
    | enabled     | True                             |
    | id          | f71529314dab4a4d8eca427e701d209e |
    | name        | neutron                          |
    | type        | network                          |
    +-------------+----------------------------------+
    
    
    
  • 创建网络服务API端点

    [root@controller /]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
                         network public http://controller:9696
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    | Field        | Value                            |
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    | enabled      | True                             |
    | id           | 85d80a6d02fc4b7683f611d7fc1493a3 |
    | interface    | public                           |
    | region       | RegionOne                        |
    | region_id    | RegionOne                        |
    | service_id   | f71529314dab4a4d8eca427e701d209e |
    | service_name | neutron                          |
    | service_type | network                          |
    | url          | http://controller:9696           |
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    
    [root@controller /]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
                         network internal http://controller:9696
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    | Field        | Value                            |
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    | enabled      | True                             |
    | id           | 09753b537ac74422a68d2d791cf3714f |
    | interface    | internal                         |
    | region       | RegionOne                        |
    | region_id    | RegionOne                        |
    | service_id   | f71529314dab4a4d8eca427e701d209e |
    | service_name | neutron                          |
    | service_type | network                          |
    | url          | http://controller:9696           |
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    
    [root@controller /]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
                         network admin http://controller:9696
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    | Field        | Value                            |
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    | enabled      | True                             |
    | id           | 1ee14289c9374dffb5db92a5c112fc4e |
    | interface    | admin                            |
    | region       | RegionOne                        |
    | region_id    | RegionOne                        |
    | service_id   | f71529314dab4a4d8eca427e701d209e |
    | service_name | neutron                          |
    | service_type | network                          |
    | url          | http://controller:9696           |
    +--------------+----------------------------------+
    
  • 配置网络

    此处有两种网络可选:provider networks、self-service networks。本次使用self-service networks。

    • 安装组件

      [root@controller /]# yum install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2 \
                           openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables
      
    • 配置neutron.conf

      [root@controller /]# vim /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
      [database]
      connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:NEUTRON_DBPASS@controller/neutron
      
      [DEFAULT]
      core_plugin = ml2
      service_plugins = router
      allow_overlapping_ips = true
      
      [DEFAULT]
      transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@controller
      auth_strategy = keystone
      
      [keystone_authtoken]
      auth_uri = http://controller:5000
      auth_url = http://controller:35357
      memcached_servers = controller:11211
      auth_type = password
      project_domain_name = default
      user_domain_name = default
      project_name = service
      username = neutron
      password = NEUTRON_PASS
      
      [DEFAULT]
      notify_nova_on_port_status_changes = true
      notify_nova_on_port_data_changes = true
      
      [nova]
      auth_url = http://controller:35357
      auth_type = password
      project_domain_name = default
      user_domain_name = default
      region_name = RegionOne
      project_name = service
      username = nova
      password = NOVA_PASS
      
      [oslo_concurrency]
      lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp
      
    • 配置ml2_conf.ini

      配置模块化第 2 层 (ML2) 插件

      [root@controller /]# vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini
      [ml2] 
      type_drivers = flat,vlan,vxlan
      tenant_network_types = vxlan
      mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge,l2population
      extension_drivers = port_security
      
      [ml2_type_flat]
      flat_networks = provider
      
      [ml2_type_vxlan]
      vni_ranges = 1:1000
      
      [securitygroup]
      enable_ipset = true
      
    • 配置linuxbridge_agent.ini

      配置 Linux 网桥代理

      #配置文件
      [root@controller /]# vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini
      [linux_bridge] 
      #PROVIDER_INTERFACE_NAME:替换为本机网卡名,eg:ens33
      physical_interface_mappings  =  provider:PROVIDER_INTERFACE_NAME
      
      [vxlan] 
      enable_vxlan  =  true 
      #OVERLAY_INTERFACE_IP_ADDRESS:替换为本机网卡IP
      local_ip  =  OVERLAY_INTERFACE_IP_ADDRESS 
      l2_population  =  true
      
      [securitygroup] 
      enable_security_group = true
      firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
      
      #验证linux系统内核是否支持网桥筛选器,下面的参数输出值均为1,说明支持。
      [root@controller /]# sysctl net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables
      net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
      [root@controller /]# sysctl net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables
      net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
      
      #(可选)若上述的参数不为1,则需要手动配置/etc/sysctl.conf
      [root@controller /]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
      net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
      net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
      
    • 配置第三层代理

      为自助服务虚拟网络提供路由和 NAT 服务。

      [root@controller /]# vim /etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini
      [DEFAULT]
      interface_driver = linuxbridge
      
    • 配置DHCP代理

      为虚拟网络提供 DHCP 服务

      [root@controller /]# vim /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini 
      [DEFAULT]
      interface_driver = linuxbridge
      dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq
      enable_isolated_metadata = true
      
  • 配置元数据代理

    [root@controller /]# vim /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini
    [DEFAULT]
    nova_metadata_host = controller
    metadata_proxy_shared_secret = METADATA_SECRET
    
  • 配置Compute服务使用Networking服务

    即:配置Nova服务使用Neutron服务

    [root@controller /]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf 
    [neutron]
    url = http://controller:9696
    auth_url = http://controller:35357
    auth_type = password
    project_domain_name = default
    user_domain_name = default
    region_name = RegionOne
    project_name = service
    username = neutron
    password = NEUTRON_PASS
    service_metadata_proxy = true
    metadata_proxy_shared_secret = METADATA_SECRET
    
  • 配置环境

    #网络服务初始化脚本需要一个符号链接/etc/neutron/plugin.ini,
    #指向ML2插件配置文件/etc/neutron/plugins/ML2/ml2conf.ini
    [root@controller /]# ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini
    
    #填充数据库
    [root@controller /]# su -s /bin/sh -c "neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf \
      --config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade head" neutron
    
    #重启Nova-API服务
    [root@controller /]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service
    
    #配置网络服务开机自启、启动网络服务
    [root@controller /]# systemctl enable neutron-server.service \
                         neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service \
                         neutron-metadata-agent.service
    [root@controller /]# systemctl start neutron-server.service \
                         neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service \
                         neutron-metadata-agent.service
                         
    #配置第三层服务开机自启、启动服务
    [root@controller /]# systemctl enable neutron-l3-agent.service
    [root@controller /]# systemctl start neutron-l3-agent.service
    

4.5.2、安装、配置计算节点

  • 安装组件

    [root@controller /]# yum install openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables ipset
    
  • (该步骤可省略)配置通用组件

    该步骤可省略,因为all in one安装方式,计算节点和控制节点在同一台主机中,4.5.1中已经配置了neutron.conf文件。因此该步骤可省略。

    [root@controller /]# vim /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
    #(注意:使用all in one的安装方式,此处的数据库不可以注释,使用所有节点均在同一台主机中,注释掉会导致网络组件无法使用)
    #注释[database]的connection,此处不需要使用数据库
    [database]
    #connection=mysql+pymysql://neutron:NEUTRON_DBPASS@controller/neutron
    
    [DEFAULT]
    transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@controller
    auth_strategy = keystone
    
    [keystone_authtoken]
    auth_uri = http://controller:5000
    auth_url = http://controller:35357
    memcached_servers = controller:11211
    auth_type = password
    project_domain_name = default
    user_domain_name = default
    project_name = service
    username = neutron
    password = NEUTRON_PASS
    
    [oslo_concurrency]
    lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp
    
  • (该步骤可省略)配置网络

    该步骤可省略,因为all in one安装方式,计算节点和控制节点在同一台主机中,4.5.1中已经配置了linuxbridge_agent.ini文件。因此该步骤可省略。

    #配置文件
    [root@controller /]# vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini
    [linux_bridge] 
    #PROVIDER_INTERFACE_NAME:替换为本机网卡名,eg:ens33
    physical_interface_mappings  =  provider:PROVIDER_INTERFACE_NAME
    
    [vxlan] 
    enable_vxlan  =  true 
    #OVERLAY_INTERFACE_IP_ADDRESS:替换为本机网卡IP
    local_ip  =  OVERLAY_INTERFACE_IP_ADDRESS 
    l2_population  =  true
    
    [securitygroup] 
    enable_security_group = true
    firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
    
    #验证linux系统内核是否支持网桥筛选器,下面的参数输出值均为1,说明支持。
    [root@controller /]# sysctl net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables
    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
    [root@controller /]# sysctl net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables
    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
    
    #(可选)若上述的参数不为1,则需要手动配置/etc/sysctl.conf
    [root@controller /]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
    
    

    验证网络是否配置好

    [root@controller /]# . admin-openrc
    
    #列出加载的扩展以验证neutron-server进程是否成功启动
    [root@controller /]# openstack extension list --network
    +---------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------------+
    | Name                      | Alias                     | Description                |
    +---------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------------+
    | Default Subnetpools       | default-subnetpools       | Provides ability to mark   |
    |                           |                           | and use a subnetpool as    |
    |                           |                           | the default                |
    | Availability Zone         | availability_zone         | The availability zone      |
    ......
    ......
    
  • (该步骤可省略)配置Compute服务使用Networking服务

    即:配置Nova服务使用Neutron服务

    该步骤可省略,因为all in one安装方式,计算节点和控制节点在同一台主机中,4.5.1中已经配置了nova.conf 文件。因此该步骤可省略。

    [root@controller /]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf 
    [neutron]
    url = http://controller:9696
    auth_url = http://controller:35357
    auth_type = password
    project_domain_name = default
    user_domain_name = default
    region_name = RegionOne
    project_name = service
    username = neutron
    password = NEUTRON_PASS
    
  • 配置环境

    重启、开机自启动

     [root@controller /]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-compute.service
     [root@controller /]# systemctl enable neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
     [root@controller /]# systemctl start neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
    

4.6、安装Horizon

4.6.1、安装Horizon步骤

该组件选用手动安装的方式,不使用source的方式安装

  • 安装dashboard软件

    [root@controller /]# yum install openstack-dashboard
    
  • 配置local_settings

    [root@controller /]# vim /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
    #配置主机名
    OPENSTACK_HOST = "controller"
    
    #'*'  允许所有主机访问
    ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*', 'two.example.com']
    
    #新增SESSION_ENGINE
    SESSION_ENGINE = 'django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache'
    
    #修改原有的CACHES,为下面的部分
    CACHES = {
        'default': {
             'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache',
             'LOCATION': 'controller:11211',
        }
    }
    
    OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_URL = "http://%s:5000/v3" % OPENSTACK_HOST
    
    OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT = True
    
    #修改原有的OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS为:
    OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS = {
        "identity": 3,
        "image": 2,
        "volume": 2,
    }
    
    OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN = "Default"
    
    OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE = "user"
    
    #(不需要设置)只有在选择网络为provider networks时才需要设置该步骤
    OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK = {
        ...
        'enable_router': False,
        'enable_quotas': False,
        'enable_distributed_router': False,
        'enable_ha_router': False,
        'enable_lb': False,
        'enable_firewall': False,
        'enable_': False,
        'enable_fip_topology_check': False,
    }
    
    #(可选)设置时区
    TIME_ZONE = "TIME_ZONE"
    
    
  • 配置openstack-dashboard.conf

    [root@controller /]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf 
    #新增
    WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
    
  • 配置环境

    #重启httpd、memcached服务
    [root@controller /]# systemctl restart httpd.service memcached.service
    

4.6.2、验证是否成功安装

  • 在浏览器,登录下面的地址

    #方式1:
    http://controller/dashboard
    
    #方式2:
    http://本机网卡IP/dashboard
    
  • 登录选项

    • domain:default

    • username:admin

    • password:ADMIN_PASS

  • 结果
    OpenStack安装教程_第2张图片

4.7、安装Cinder

4.7.1、安装、配置存储节点

  • 安装LVM

    [root@controller /]# yum install lvm2 device-mapper-persistent-data
    
    #设置开机自启动
    [root@controller /]# systemctl enable lvm2-lvmetad.service
    [root@controller /]# systemctl start lvm2-lvmetad.service
    
    • 创建LVM物理卷

      注意:此处的sdb,表示的是第二块硬盘。(同理,sda表示第一块硬盘)

      [root@controller /]# pvcreate /dev/sdb
      Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created
      
    • 创建 LVM 卷组cinder-volumes

      [root@controller /]# vgcreate cinder-volumes /dev/sdb
      Volume group "cinder-volumes" successfully created
      
    • 配置lvm.conf

      [root@controller /]# vim /etc/lvm/lvm.conf
      #设置过滤器,a:接受。 r:拒绝
      #下面的filter,只需要选择一个进行配置即可。
      
      #存储节点使用LVM (本教程使用这个)
      filter  =  [ "a/sda/", "a/sdb/", "r/.*/"]
      
      #计算节点使用LVM
      filter  =  [ "a/sda/", "r/.*/"]
      
  • 安装cinder组件

    [root@controller /]# yum install openstack-cinder targetcli python-keystone
    
    • 配置cinder.conf
    [root@controller /]# vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf
    [database]
    connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:CINDER_DBPASS@controller/cinder
    
    [DEFAULT]
    transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@controller
    auth_strategy = keystone
    
    [keystone_authtoken]
    auth_uri = http://controller:5000
    auth_url = http://controller:5000
    memcached_servers = controller:11211
    auth_type = password
    project_domain_id = default
    user_domain_id = default
    project_name = service
    username = cinder
    password = CINDER_PASS
    
    [DEFAULT]
    #配置为本机的网卡IP
    my_ip = MANAGEMENT_INTERFACE_IP_ADDRESS
    
    [lvm]
    volume_driver = cinder.volume.drivers.lvm.LVMVolumeDriver
    volume_group = cinder-volumes
    iscsi_protocol = iscsi
    iscsi_helper = lioadm
    
    [DEFAULT]
    enabled_backends = lvm
    glance_api_servers = http://controller:9292
    
    [oslo_concurrency]
    lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp
    
    • 配置环境

      [root@controller /]# systemctl enable openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
      [root@controller /]# systemctl start openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
      

4.7.2、安装、配置控制节点

在控制器节点上安装和配置块存储服务.

  • 创建数据库

    #进入数据库
    [root@controller /]# mysql -u root -p
    
    #创建cinder数据库
    MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE cinder;
    
    #数据库授权
    MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO 'cinder'@'localhost' \
      IDENTIFIED BY 'CINDER_DBPASS';
    MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO 'cinder'@'%' \
      IDENTIFIED BY 'CINDER_DBPASS';
    
  • 创建服务凭证

    #获取管理员的CLI命令
    [root@controller /]# . admin-openrc
    
    #创建cinde用户
    [root@controller /]#openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt cinder
    #此处使用默认密码:CINDER_PASS
    User Password:
    Repeat User Password:
    +---------------------+----------------------------------+
    | Field               | Value                            |
    +---------------------+----------------------------------+
    | domain_id           | default                          |
    | enabled             | True                             |
    | id                  | 9d7e33de3e1a498390353819bc7d245d |
    | name                | cinder                           |
    | options             | {}                               |
    | password_expires_at | None                             |
    +---------------------+----------------------------------+
    
    #为cinder用户添角色信息
    [root@controller /]# openstack role add --project service --user cinder admin
    
    #创建cinder服务实例
    #cinderv2
    [root@controller /]# openstack service create --name cinderv2 \
      --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev2
    +-------------+----------------------------------+
    | Field       | Value                            |
    +-------------+----------------------------------+
    | description | OpenStack Block Storage          |
    | enabled     | True                             |
    | id          | eb9fd245bdbc414695952e93f29fe3ac |
    | name        | cinderv2                         |
    | type        | volumev2                         |
    +-------------+----------------------------------+
    #cinderv3
    [root@controller /]# openstack service create --name cinderv3 \
      --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev3
    +-------------+----------------------------------+
    | Field       | Value                            |
    +-------------+----------------------------------+
    | description | OpenStack Block Storage          |
    | enabled     | True                             |
    | id          | ab3bbbef780845a1a283490d281e7fda |
    | name        | cinderv3                         |
    | type        | volumev3                         |
    +-------------+----------------------------------+
    
    
    
  • 创建块存储服务API端点

    • 创建v2版本的端点

      [root@controller /]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
        volumev2 public http://controller:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s
      +--------------+------------------------------------------+
      | Field        | Value                                    |
      +--------------+------------------------------------------+
      | enabled      | True                                     |
      | id           | 513e73819e14460fb904163f41ef3759         |
      | interface    | public                                   |
      | region       | RegionOne                                |
      | region_id    | RegionOne                                |
      | service_id   | eb9fd245bdbc414695952e93f29fe3ac         |
      | service_name | cinderv2                                 |
      | service_type | volumev2                                 |
      | url          | http://controller:8776/v2/%(project_id)s |
      +--------------+------------------------------------------+
      
      [root@controller /]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
        volumev2 internal http://controller:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s
      +--------------+------------------------------------------+
      | Field        | Value                                    |
      +--------------+------------------------------------------+
      | enabled      | True                                     |
      | id           | 6436a8a23d014cfdb69c586eff146a32         |
      | interface    | internal                                 |
      | region       | RegionOne                                |
      | region_id    | RegionOne                                |
      | service_id   | eb9fd245bdbc414695952e93f29fe3ac         |
      | service_name | cinderv2                                 |
      | service_type | volumev2                                 |
      | url          | http://controller:8776/v2/%(project_id)s |
      +--------------+------------------------------------------+
      
      [root@controller /]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
        volumev2 admin http://controller:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s
      +--------------+------------------------------------------+
      | Field        | Value                                    |
      +--------------+------------------------------------------+
      | enabled      | True                                     |
      | id           | e652cf84dd334f359ae9b045a2c91d96         |
      | interface    | admin                                    |
      | region       | RegionOne                                |
      | region_id    | RegionOne                                |
      | service_id   | eb9fd245bdbc414695952e93f29fe3ac         |
      | service_name | cinderv2                                 |
      | service_type | volumev2                                 |
      | url          | http://controller:8776/v2/%(project_id)s |
      +--------------+------------------------------------------+
      
    • 创建v3版本的端点

      [root@controller /]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
        volumev3 public http://controller:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s
      +--------------+------------------------------------------+
      | Field        | Value                                    |
      +--------------+------------------------------------------+
      | enabled      | True                                     |
      | id           | 03fa2c90153546c295bf30ca86b1344b         |
      | interface    | public                                   |
      | region       | RegionOne                                |
      | region_id    | RegionOne                                |
      | service_id   | ab3bbbef780845a1a283490d281e7fda         |
      | service_name | cinderv3                                 |
      | service_type | volumev3                                 |
      | url          | http://controller:8776/v3/%(project_id)s |
      +--------------+------------------------------------------+
      
      [root@controller /]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
        volumev3 internal http://controller:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s
      +--------------+------------------------------------------+
      | Field        | Value                                    |
      +--------------+------------------------------------------+
      | enabled      | True                                     |
      | id           | 94f684395d1b41068c70e4ecb11364b2         |
      | interface    | internal                                 |
      | region       | RegionOne                                |
      | region_id    | RegionOne                                |
      | service_id   | ab3bbbef780845a1a283490d281e7fda         |
      | service_name | cinderv3                                 |
      | service_type | volumev3                                 |
      | url          | http://controller:8776/v3/%(project_id)s |
      +--------------+------------------------------------------+
      
      [root@controller /]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
        volumev3 admin http://controller:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s
      +--------------+------------------------------------------+
      | Field        | Value                                    |
      +--------------+------------------------------------------+
      | enabled      | True                                     |
      | id           | 4511c28a0f9840c78bacb25f10f62c98         |
      | interface    | admin                                    |
      | region       | RegionOne                                |
      | region_id    | RegionOne                                |
      | service_id   | ab3bbbef780845a1a283490d281e7fda         |
      | service_name | cinderv3                                 |
      | service_type | volumev3                                 |
      | url          | http://controller:8776/v3/%(project_id)s |
      +--------------+------------------------------------------+
      
  • 安装cinder组件

    [root@controller /]# yum install openstack-cinder
    
    • 配置cinder.conf

      [root@controller /]# vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf
      [database]
      connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:CINDER_DBPASS@controller/cinder
      
      [DEFAULT]
      transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@controller
      auth_strategy = keystone
      my_ip = 10.0.0.11
      
      [keystone_authtoken]
      auth_uri = http://controller:5000
      auth_url = http://controller:5000
      memcached_servers = controller:11211
      auth_type = password
      project_domain_id = default
      user_domain_id = default
      project_name = service
      username = cinder
      password = CINDER_PASS
      
      [oslo_concurrency]
      lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp
      
      
      
    • 填充数据库

      [root@controller /]# su -s /bin/sh -c "cinder-manage db sync" cinder
      
  • 配置Nova使用块存储

    [root@controller /]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf 
    
  • 配置环境

    [root@controller /]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service
    [root@controller /]# systemctl enable openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service
    [root@controller /]# systemctl start openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service
    

4.7.3、(可选)安装、配置备份服务

本教程没有安装swift组件,因此可省略此步骤

  • 安装cinder

    [root@controller /]# yum install openstack-cinder
    
    • 配置cinder.conf

      [root@controller /]# /etc/cinder/cinder.conf
      [DEFAULT]
      backup_driver = cinder.backup.drivers.swift
      #替换SWIFT_URL为;为对象存储服务的 URL
      #可通过命令查看具体的替换数值:openstack catalog show object-store
      backup_swift_url = SWIFT_URL
      
  • 配置环境

    [root@controller /]# systemctl enable openstack-cinder-backup.service
    [root@controller /]# systemctl start openstack-cinder-backup.service
    

4.7.4、验证是否成功安装

[root@controller /]# . admin-openrc

[root@controller /]# openstack volume service list
#此处未安装swift组件,因此只有存储节点、控制节点
+------------------+------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
| Binary           | Host       | Zone | Status  | State | Updated_at                 |
+------------------+------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
| cinder-scheduler | controller | nova | enabled | up    | 2016-09-30T02:27:41.000000 |
| cinder-volume    | block@lvm  | nova | enabled | up    | 2016-09-30T02:27:46.000000 |
+------------------+------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+

5、常见问题

1、安装keystone后,执行命令:openstack domain create --description “An Example Domain” example

出现错误:

Failed to discover available identity versions when contacting http://controller:5000/v3. Attempting to parse version from URL.
Unable to establish connection to http://controller:5000/v3/auth/tokens: HTTPConnectionPool(host='controller', port=5000): Max retries exceeded with url: /v3/auth/tokens (Caused by NewConnectionError(': Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -3] Temporary failure in name resolution',))

解决方式:

关闭SELinux,然后使用命令setnforce 0(或者重启系统)

2、配置网卡时,需要注意的事项

配置网络时,需要先使用dhcp,获取虚拟机网卡ip,然后再使用static的方式,配置网卡ip。如果直接使用dhcp的方式,可能会导致该ip无法使用,无法ping通。

3.2、安装OpenStack各个组件时,使用命令: yum install xxxx -y。

出现错误:

Error downloading packages:
  python-dogpile-cache-0.6.2-1.el7.noarch: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.
  python-keyring-5.7.1-1.el7.noarch: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.
  python-dogpile-core-0.4.1-2.el7.noarch: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.
  python-cmd2-0.6.8-8.el7.noarch: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.

解决方式:
(1)方式1:再次执行安装命令 yum install python-openstackclient -y
(2)方式2:yum update =》yum install python-openstackclient -y
若还是出现错误:Error downloading packages: lttng-ust-2.10.0-1.el7.x86_64: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.
使用yum clean cache、yum makecache,然后再次进行yum update

4、horizon登录注意事项
地址:http://controller/dashboard
不行的话,换成: http://controller对用的IP地址/dashboard
登录填写的资料:
domain:default
username:admin
password:ADMIN_PASS

5、禁用 SELinux

  • **否则会出现错误:**the request you have made requires authentication(HTTPConnection 401)

  • 解决方式:

    [root@controller /]# vim /etc/selinux/config
    SELINUX=disabled 
    SELINUXTYPE=targeted
    

    然后setnforce 0(或者重启系统)

6、VMWare挂载磁盘的注意事项
查看挂载:

[root@controller /]# fdisk -l 

若新增的磁盘未挂载上,处理方式:

#1、查看当前有的磁盘文件:
[root@controller /]# cd /sys/class/scsi_host/ 

#2、获取当前目录下的所有文件名
[root@controller /]# ls
host0 host1 host2

#3、逐个执行上面文件中出现的文件
[root@controller /]# echo "- - -" >  /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan
[root@controller /]# echo "- - -" >  /sys/class/scsi_host/host1/scan
[root@controller /]# echo "- - -" >  /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/scan

7、重启虚拟机后,无法使用openstack命令

  • 原因:

    因为使用export设置环境变量,因此该环境变量只限定于当前执行命令的终端使用。系统关机、开启新的终端均无法使用这个环境变量。

  • 解决方式:

    需要运行源文件命令,添加环境变量。

    [root@controller /]# . admin-openrc
    
    #admin-openrc文件中的内容
    [root@controller /]# vim admin-openrc
    export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
    export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
    export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
    export OS_USERNAME=admin
    export OS_PASSWORD=ADMIN_PASS
    export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
    export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
    export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2
    

8、执行openstack volume service list,cinder-volume运行失败

  • 原因:
    若,存储节点在操作系统磁盘上使用LVM,则需要将关联的设备添加到过滤器中。

  • 解决方式:
    配置存储节点时,需要挂载相应的卷。

    #修改配置文件:/etc/lvm/lvm.conf
    [root@controller /]# vim /etc/lvm/lvm.conf
    devices {
    ...
    filter = [ "a/sda/", "a/sdb/", "r/.*/"]
    }
    

9、Nova无法启动

  • 原因:

    防火墙阻止访问5672端口

  • 解决方式:

    #查看nova-comput日志:发现端口未启用
    cat /var/log/nova/nova-compute.log
    
    #关闭防火墙
    systemctl stop firewalld
    systemctl disable firewalld
    
    #重启nova服务
    systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
    

执行安装命令 yum install python-openstackclient -y
(2)方式2:yum update =》yum install python-openstackclient -y
若还是出现错误:Error downloading packages: lttng-ust-2.10.0-1.el7.x86_64: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.
使用yum clean cache、yum makecache,然后再次进行yum update

4、horizon登录注意事项
地址:http://controller/dashboard
不行的话,换成: http://controller对用的IP地址/dashboard
登录填写的资料:
domain:default
username:admin
password:ADMIN_PASS

5、禁用 SELinux

  • **否则会出现错误:**the request you have made requires authentication(HTTPConnection 401)

  • 解决方式:

    [root@controller /]# vim /etc/selinux/config
    SELINUX=disabled 
    SELINUXTYPE=targeted
    

    然后setnforce 0(或者重启系统)

6、VMWare挂载磁盘的注意事项
查看挂载:

[root@controller /]# fdisk -l 

若新增的磁盘未挂载上,处理方式:

#1、查看当前有的磁盘文件:
[root@controller /]# cd /sys/class/scsi_host/ 

#2、获取当前目录下的所有文件名
[root@controller /]# ls
host0 host1 host2

#3、逐个执行上面文件中出现的文件
[root@controller /]# echo "- - -" >  /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan
[root@controller /]# echo "- - -" >  /sys/class/scsi_host/host1/scan
[root@controller /]# echo "- - -" >  /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/scan

7、重启虚拟机后,无法使用openstack命令

  • 原因:

    因为使用export设置环境变量,因此该环境变量只限定于当前执行命令的终端使用。系统关机、开启新的终端均无法使用这个环境变量。

  • 解决方式:

    需要运行源文件命令,添加环境变量。

    [root@controller /]# . admin-openrc
    
    #admin-openrc文件中的内容
    [root@controller /]# vim admin-openrc
    export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
    export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
    export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
    export OS_USERNAME=admin
    export OS_PASSWORD=ADMIN_PASS
    export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
    export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
    export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2
    

8、执行openstack volume service list,cinder-volume运行失败

  • 原因:
    若,存储节点在操作系统磁盘上使用LVM,则需要将关联的设备添加到过滤器中。

  • 解决方式:
    配置存储节点时,需要挂载相应的卷。

    #修改配置文件:/etc/lvm/lvm.conf
    [root@controller /]# vim /etc/lvm/lvm.conf
    devices {
    ...
    filter = [ "a/sda/", "a/sdb/", "r/.*/"]
    }
    

9、Nova无法启动

  • 原因:

    防火墙阻止访问5672端口

  • 解决方式:

    #查看nova-comput日志:发现端口未启用
    cat /var/log/nova/nova-compute.log
    
    #关闭防火墙
    systemctl stop firewalld
    systemctl disable firewalld
    
    #重启nova服务
    systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
    

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