vcpkg 安装任意版本的开源库

为表述方便，本文全以openssl为例。

常规安装

前面已经写过vcpkg的简明教程：https://blog.csdn.net/poinsettia/article/details/127885576

只要执行以下几行命令，就可以安装好openssl

git clone https://github.com/Microsoft/vcpkg.git # install vcpkg
./vcpkg\bootstrap-vcpkg.bat # build vcpkg.exe
./vcpkg install openssl:x64-windows # install opensl

但是这样有个问题是，这样只能安装默认版本的openssl，无法指定具体的openssl。

注：openssl的版本定义在ports文件夹中的vcpkg.json中

Example

{
  "name": "openssl",
  "version-string": "1.1.1n",
  "description": "OpenSSL is an open source project that provides a robust, commercial-grade, and full-featured toolkit for the Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocols. It is also a general-purpose cryptography library.",
  "homepage": "https://www.openssl.org",
  "license": "OpenSSL",
  "dependencies": [
    {
      "name": "vcpkg-cmake",
      "host": true
    },
    {
      "name": "vcpkg-cmake-config",
      "host": true
    }
  ]
}

那如何安装自己想要的版本呢？ 比如目前vcpkg的默认版本(其实是最新版本)是3.0.7，我想安装1.1.1n 怎么办呢？

安装任意版本

Refer：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/53805917/install-older-version-of-protobuf-via-vcpkg

The selected answer

To have a specific version of a package in vcpkg, you need to checkout at the appropriate point in time in the vcpk repo.

1. Go to your git installed vcpk folder.
2. Identify the commit matching the version of protobuf you’re looking for.

The following line color-codes the commit history to make it more readable and pipe it with grep to identify protobuf related commits.

git log --color=always --pretty='%Cred%h%Creset -%C(auto)%d%Creset %s %Cgreen(%ad)' --date=short | grep --color=never openssl

You’ll find a line like b1fea4588 - [protobuf] update to 3.5.1 (2018-01-31). (The commit hash/message may have changed if the history has been rewritten.)

1. Checkout the commit of interest : git checkout b1fea4588
2. Run vcpkg install protobuf

The issue of package version management is very active on vcpkg repo. Check Issue #3592

大意就是根据git log 找到openssl1.1.1n 对应的vcpkg的git 节点，把vcpkg git repo reset到对应节点，然后就可以install 1.1.1n版本啦。

那如果版本在vcpkg找不到呢？ 比如 openssl1.1.1q

利用vcpkg build自己想要的包

refer：https://vcpkg.io/en/docs/examples/packaging-zipfiles.html

文中的方法麻烦的点是在于要自己写portfile.cmake, 为了简单起见，我直接利用了openssl1.1.1n的工程进行改造。具体过程如下：

1. 利用git log找到升级openssl1.1.1n的节点

2. git show 查看具体提交了什么内容

3. 仿照git show提交的内容，把1.1.1n版本改为1.1.1q版本。

   我是借助TortoiseSVN 工具，可以更方便看到修改的文件。

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遇到的最主要问题就是hash值校验，这个问题也可以很方便解决，因为在install 的时候会给出提示，提示中有正确的hash，直接复制过去即可。

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4. install ./vcpkg install openssl:x64-windows