linux安装部署k8s(kubernetes)和解决遇到的坑

先安装Docker

Centos7离线安装Docker

设置主机名称

#查看Linux内核版本
uname -r 
3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
#或者使用 uname -a

#设置主机名称为k8s-master,重新连接显示生效
hostnamectl --static set-hostname  k8s-master

#查看主机名称
hostname

禁用SELinux

#永久禁用SELinux
vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux
SELINUX=disabled

#临时 禁用SELinux,让容器可以读取主机文件系统
setenforce 0

关闭系统Swap

#关闭sawp分区 (可以不关闭,使用参数--ignore-preflight-errors=swap)

#临时关闭
swapoff -a 

vi /etc/fstab
#注释掉swap分区
#/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap

配置docker国内镜像加速

#修改daemon.json 文件,没有就创建一个
vim /etc/docker/daemon.json 
{
 "registry-mirrors" : ["https://q5bf287q.mirror.aliyuncs.com", "https://registry.docker-cn.com","http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"],
 "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
 "insecure-registries":["192.168.1.5"]
}

#重新加载配置
systemctl daemon-reload

#重启docker
systemctl restart docker

192.168.1.5 为私有仓库地址

默认采用cgroupfs作为驱动
修改为systemd驱动
native.cgroupdriver=systemd

配置k8s的yum源 x86_64的源

cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF

#清除缓存
yum clean all

#把服务器的包信息下载到本地电脑缓存起来，makecache建立一个缓存
yum makecache

#列出kubectl可用的版本
yum list kubectl --showduplicates | sort -r
#列出信息如下:
Repodata is over 2 weeks old. Install yum-cron? Or run: yum makecache fast
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
已安装的软件包
可安装的软件包
 * updates: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
kubectl.x86_64                       1.9.9-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.9.8-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.9.7-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.9.6-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.9.5-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.9.4-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.9.3-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.9.2-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.9.11-0                        kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.9.1-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.9.10-0                        kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.9.0-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.8.9-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.8.8-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.8.7-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.8.6-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.8.5-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.8.4-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.8.3-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.8.2-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.8.15-0                        kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.8.14-0                        kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.8.13-0                        kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.8.12-0                        kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.8.11-0                        kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.8.1-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.8.10-0                        kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.8.0-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.7.9-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.7.8-1                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.7.7-1                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.7.6-1                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.7.5-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.7.4-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.7.3-1                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.7.2-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.7.16-0                        kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.7.15-0                        kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.7.14-0                        kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.7.11-0                        kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.7.1-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.7.10-0                        kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.7.0-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.6.9-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.6.8-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.6.7-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.6.6-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.6.5-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.6.4-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.6.3-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.6.2-0                         kubernetes 
kubectl.x86_64                       1.6.13-0                        kubernetes 

配置iptables

cat <<EOF >  /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
vm.swappiness=0
EOF

#让上述配置命令生效
sysctl --system

#或者这样去设置
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-iptables
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-ip6tables

#保证输出的都是1
cat /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-ip6tables
cat /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-iptables

安装kubelet,kubeadm,kubectl

#安装最新版本,也可安装指定版本
yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl

#安装指定版本的kubelet,kubeadm,kubectl
yum install -y kubelet-1.19.3-0 kubeadm-1.19.3-0 kubectl-1.19.3-0

#查看kubelet版本
kubelet --version
#版本如下:
Kubernetes v1.19.3

#查看kubeadm版本
kubeadm version
#版本信息如下:
kubeadm version: &version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"19", GitVersion:"v1.19.3", GitCommit:"1e11e4a2108024935ecfcb2912226cedeafd99df", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2020-10-14T12:47:53Z", GoVersion:"go1.15.2", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}

启动kubelet并设置开机启动服务

#重新加载配置文件
systemctl daemon-reload

#启动kubelet
systemctl start kubelet

#查看kubelet启动状态
systemctl status kubelet
#没启动成功,报错先不管,后面的kubeadm init会拉起

#设置开机自启动
systemctl enable kubelet

#查看kubelet开机启动状态 enabled:开启, disabled:关闭
systemctl is-enabled kubelet

#查看日志
journalctl -xefu kubelet

初始化k8s集群Master

–apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.0.5 为Master的IP
–image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers 指定镜像仓库,如果不指定默认是k8s.gcr.io,国内需要才能下载镜像

#执行初始化命令
kubeadm init --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.0.5 --kubernetes-version=v1.19.3 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --service-cidr=10.1.0.0/16

#报错一: [ERROR Swap]: running with swap on is not supported. Please disable swap
#报错如下: 如果没关闭swap, 需要关闭swap 或者使用 --ignore-preflight-errors=swap
W0525 15:17:52.768575   19864 configset.go:348] WARNING: kubeadm cannot validate component configs for API groups [kubelet.config.k8s.io kubeproxy.config.k8s.io]
[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.19.3
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
        [WARNING SystemVerification]: this Docker version is not on the list of validated versions: 20.10.2. Latest validated version: 19.03
error execution phase preflight: [preflight] Some fatal errors occurred:
        [ERROR Swap]: running with swap on is not supported. Please disable swap
[preflight] If you know what you are doing, you can make a check non-fatal with `--ignore-preflight-errors=...`
To see the stack trace of this error execute with --v=5 or higher


#报错二:The HTTP call equal to 'curl -sSL http://localhost:10248/healthz' failed with error: Get "http://localhost:10248/healthz": dial tcp [::1]:10248: connect: connection refused
报错如下:
[kubelet-check] The HTTP call equal to 'curl -sSL http://localhost:10248/healthz' failed with error: Get "http://localhost:10248/healthz": dial tcp [::1]:10248: connect: connection refused.
[kubelet-check] It seems like the kubelet isn't running or healthy.
[kubelet-check] The HTTP call equal to 'curl -sSL http://localhost:10248/healthz' failed with error: Get "http://localhost:10248/healthz": dial tcp [::1]:10248: connect: connection refused.
[kubelet-check] It seems like the kubelet isn't running or healthy.
[kubelet-check] The HTTP call equal to 'curl -sSL http://localhost:10248/healthz' failed with error: Get "http://localhost:10248/healthz": dial tcp [::1]:10248: connect: connection refused.

        Unfortunately, an error has occurred:
                timed out waiting for the condition

        This error is likely caused by:
                - The kubelet is not running
                - The kubelet is unhealthy due to a misconfiguration of the node in some way (required cgroups disabled)


#添加文件: 主要是这个配置:--cgroup-driver=systemd
vim /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d/10-kubeadm.conf 　
# Note: This dropin only works with kubeadm and kubelet v1.11+
[Service]
Environment="KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS=--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.conf --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf"
Environment="KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS=--config=/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
Environment="KUBELET_SYSTEM_PODS_ARGS=--pod-manifest-path=/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
Environment="KUBELET_NETWORK_ARGS=--network-plugin=cni --cni-conf-dir=/etc/cni/net.d --cni-bin-dir=/opt/cni/bin"
Environment="KUBELET_DNS_ARGS=--cluster-dns=10.96.0.10 --cluster-domain=cluster.local"
Environment="KUBELET_AUTHZ_ARGS=--authorization-mode=Webhook --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt"
#Environment="KUBELET_CADVISOR_ARGS=--cadvisor-port=0"
Environment="KUBELET_CGROUP_ARGS=--cgroup-driver=systemd"
Environment="KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS=--fail-swap-on=false"
Environment="KUBELET_CERTIFICATE_ARGS=--rotate-certificates=true --cert-dir=/var/lib/kubelet/pki"
#Environment="KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS=--v=2 --fail-swap-on=false --pod-infra-container-image=k8s.gcr.io/pause-amd64:3.1"
# This is a file that "kubeadm init" and "kubeadm join" generates at runtime, populating the KUBELET_KUBEADM_ARGS variable dynamically
EnvironmentFile=-/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env
# This is a file that the user can use for overrides of the kubelet args as a last resort. Preferably, the user should use
# the .NodeRegistration.KubeletExtraArgs object in the configuration files instead. KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS should be sourced from this file.
#EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/kubelet
ExecStart=
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kubelet $KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS $KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS $KUBELET_KUBEADM_ARGS $KUBELET_SYSTEM_PODS_ARGS $KUBELET_NETWORK_ARGS $KUBELET_DNS_ARGS $KUBELET_AUTHZ_ARGS $KUBELET_CADVISOR_ARGS $KUBELET_CGROUP_ARGS $KUBELET_CERTIFICATE_ARGS $KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS

#成功, 打印如下信息表示成功:
W0511 11:11:24.998096   15272 configset.go:348] WARNING: kubeadm cannot validate component configs for API groups [kubelet.config.k8s.io kubeproxy.config.k8s.io]
[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.19.3
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
        [WARNING SystemVerification]: this Docker version is not on the list of validated versions: 20.10.6. Latest validated version: 19.03
        [WARNING Hostname]: hostname "k8s-master" could not be reached
        [WARNING Hostname]: hostname "k8s-master": lookup k8s-master on 100.125.1.250:53: no such host
[preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster
[preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection
[preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using 'kubeadm config images pull'
[certs] Using certificateDir folder "/etc/kubernetes/pki"
[certs] Generating "ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver" certificate and key
[certs] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local] and IPs [10.1.0.1 192.168.0.147]
[certs] Generating "apiserver-kubelet-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/server" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/server serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master localhost] and IPs [192.168.0.5 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/peer" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/peer serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master localhost] and IPs [192.168.0.5 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/healthcheck-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver-etcd-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "sa" key and public key
[kubeconfig] Using kubeconfig folder "/etc/kubernetes"
[kubeconfig] Writing "admin.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "kubelet.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "controller-manager.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "scheduler.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet-start] Starting the kubelet
[control-plane] Using manifest folder "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-apiserver"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-controller-manager"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-scheduler"
[etcd] Creating static Pod manifest for local etcd in "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[wait-control-plane] Waiting for the kubelet to boot up the control plane as static Pods from directory "/etc/kubernetes/manifests". This can take up to 4m0s
[apiclient] All control plane components are healthy after 16.501683 seconds
[upload-config] Storing the configuration used in ConfigMap "kubeadm-config" in the "kube-system" Namespace
[kubelet] Creating a ConfigMap "kubelet-config-1.19" in namespace kube-system with the configuration for the kubelets in the cluster
[upload-certs] Skipping phase. Please see --upload-certs
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node k8s-master as control-plane by adding the label "node-role.kubernetes.io/master=''"
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node k8s-master as control-plane by adding the taints [node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule]
[bootstrap-token] Using token: rt0fpo.4axz6cd6eqpm1ihf
[bootstrap-token] Configuring bootstrap tokens, cluster-info ConfigMap, RBAC Roles
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to get nodes
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to post CSRs in order for nodes to get long term certificate credentials
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster
[bootstrap-token] Creating the "cluster-info" ConfigMap in the "kube-public" namespace
[kubelet-finalize] Updating "/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf" to point to a rotatable kubelet client certificate and key
[addons] Applied essential addon: CoreDNS
[addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy

Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!

To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:

  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
  https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/

Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:

kubeadm join 192.168.0.5:6443 --token rt0fpo.4axz6.....m1ihf \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:ac20e89e8bf43b56......516a41305c1c1fd5c7 

一定要记住输出的最后一个命令: kubeadm join…

###记住这个命令,后续添加节点时,需要此命令
###kubeadm join 192.168.0.5:6443 --token rt0fpo.4axz6....

#按提示要求执行如下命令:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

查看k8s集群节点

#查看节点
kubectl get node
#输出如下:
NAME         STATUS     ROLES    AGE     VERSION
k8s-master   NotReady   master   4m13s   v1.19.3

#发现状态是NotReady,是因为没有安装网络插件
#查看kubelet的日志
journalctl -xef -u kubelet -n 20
#输出如下: 提示未安装cni 网络插件
May 11 11:15:26 k8s-master kubelet[16678]: W0511 11:15:26.356793   16678 cni.go:239] Unable to update cni config: no networks found in /etc/cni/net.d
May 11 11:15:28 k8s-master kubelet[16678]: E0511 11:15:28.237122   16678 kubelet.go:2103] Container runtime network not ready: NetworkReady=false reason:NetworkPluginNotReady message:docker: network plugin is not ready: cni config uninitialized

安装flannel网络插件(CNI)

#创建文件夹
mkdir flannel && cd flannel
#下载文件
curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
# kube-flannel.yml里需要下载镜像,我这里提前先下载
docker pull quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.14.0-rc1
#创建flannel网络插件
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

#过一会查看k8s集群节点,变成Ready状态了
kubectl get nodes
NAME         STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION
k8s-master   Ready    master   9m39s   v1.19.3

节点添加到k8s集群中

参考上面的,在节点安装好docker、kubelet、kubectl、kubeadm
执行k8s初始化最后输出的命令

kubeadm join 192.168.0.5:6443 --token rt0fpo.4axz6....
#节点成功加入后,在Master上执行命令查看
kubectl get nodes
k8s-master     Ready      master                 147d   v1.19.3
Node-1         Ready      <none>                 146d   v1.19.3

#列出k8s需要下载的镜像
kubeadm config images list
#如下:
I0511 09:36:15.377901    9508 version.go:252] remote version is much newer: v1.21.0; falling back to: stable-1.19
W0511 09:36:17.124062    9508 configset.go:348] WARNING: kubeadm cannot validate component configs for API groups [kubelet.config.k8s.io kubeproxy.config.k8s.io]
k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.19.10
k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.19.10
k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.19.10
k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.19.10
k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.2
k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.4.13-0
k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.7.0

如果初始化没有配置–image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers 指定镜像仓库,就会要下载这些镜像,或者找其他镜像,然后修改镜像名

注意:–apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.0.5 的IP使用内网IP,如果使用外网IP会报如下错误:

W0511 09:58:49.950542   20273 configset.go:348] WARNING: kubeadm cannot validate component configs for API groups [kubelet.config.k8s.io kubeproxy.config.k8s.io]
[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.19.3
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
        [WARNING SystemVerification]: this Docker version is not on the list of validated versions: 20.10.6. Latest validated version: 19.03
        [WARNING Hostname]: hostname "k8s-master" could not be reached
        [WARNING Hostname]: hostname "k8s-master": lookup k8s-master on 100.125.1.250:53: no such host
[preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster
[preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection
[preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using 'kubeadm config images pull'
[certs] Using certificateDir folder "/etc/kubernetes/pki"
[certs] Generating "ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver" certificate and key
[certs] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local] and IPs [10.1.0.1 116.65.37.123]
[certs] Generating "apiserver-kubelet-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/server" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/server serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master localhost] and IPs [116.65.37.123 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/peer" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/peer serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master localhost] and IPs [116.65.37.123 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/healthcheck-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver-etcd-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "sa" key and public key
[kubeconfig] Using kubeconfig folder "/etc/kubernetes"
[kubeconfig] Writing "admin.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "kubelet.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "controller-manager.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "scheduler.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet-start] Starting the kubelet
[control-plane] Using manifest folder "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-apiserver"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-controller-manager"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-scheduler"
[etcd] Creating static Pod manifest for local etcd in "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[wait-control-plane] Waiting for the kubelet to boot up the control plane as static Pods from directory "/etc/kubernetes/manifests". This can take up to 4m0s
[kubelet-check] Initial timeout of 40s passed.

        Unfortunately, an error has occurred:
                timed out waiting for the condition

        This error is likely caused by:
                - The kubelet is not running
                - The kubelet is unhealthy due to a misconfiguration of the node in some way (required cgroups disabled)

        If you are on a systemd-powered system, you can try to troubleshoot the error with the following commands:
                - 'systemctl status kubelet'
                - 'journalctl -xeu kubelet'

        Additionally, a control plane component may have crashed or exited when started by the container runtime.
        To troubleshoot, list all containers using your preferred container runtimes CLI.

        Here is one example how you may list all Kubernetes containers running in docker:
                - 'docker ps -a | grep kube | grep -v pause'
                Once you have found the failing container, you can inspect its logs with:
                - 'docker logs CONTAINERID'

error execution phase wait-control-plane: couldn't initialize a Kubernetes cluster
To see the stack trace of this error execute with --v=5 or higher

提示加上–v=5 可以打印详细信息

#在次执行时
kubeadm init --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --apiserver-advertise-address=116.73.117.123 --kubernetes-version=v1.19.3 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --service-cidr=10.1.0.0/16 --v=5
#输出错误如下:
W0511 10:04:28.999779   24707 configset.go:348] WARNING: kubeadm cannot validate component configs for API groups [kubelet.config.k8s.io kubeproxy.config.k8s.io]
[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.19.3
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
        [WARNING SystemVerification]: this Docker version is not on the list of validated versions: 20.10.6. Latest validated version: 19.03
        [WARNING Hostname]: hostname "k8s-master" could not be reached
        [WARNING Hostname]: hostname "k8s-master": lookup k8s-master on 100.125.1.250:53: no such host
error execution phase preflight: [preflight] Some fatal errors occurred:
        [ERROR Port-10259]: Port 10259 is in use
        [ERROR Port-10257]: Port 10257 is in use
        [ERROR FileAvailable--etc-kubernetes-manifests-kube-apiserver.yaml]: /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml already exists
        [ERROR FileAvailable--etc-kubernetes-manifests-kube-controller-manager.yaml]: /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml already exists
        [ERROR FileAvailable--etc-kubernetes-manifests-kube-scheduler.yaml]: /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml already exists
        [ERROR FileAvailable--etc-kubernetes-manifests-etcd.yaml]: /etc/kubernetes/manifests/etcd.yaml already exists
        [ERROR Port-10250]: Port 10250 is in use
[preflight] If you know what you are doing, you can make a check non-fatal with `--ignore-preflight-errors=...`
To see the stack trace of this error execute with --v=5 or higher

#10259 10257等端口已经被使用等错误信息
#重置k8s 
kubeadm reset
#或者使用 kubeadm reset -f 命令

#在重新初始化
kubeadm init --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --apiserver-advertise-address=116.73.117.123 --kubernetes-version=v1.19.3 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --service-cidr=10.1.0.0/16 --v=5

#还是报错,卡在这里,原因就是用了外网IP导致,坑了自己一把:
[kubelet-check] Initial timeout of 40s passed.