Android 版本迭代

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具体来说大概是如下几步:

1、每次启动应用我们就获取放在服务器上的版本信息,我们获取到版本号与当前应用的版本好进行对比,这样我们就可以知道应用是否更新了,版本信息一般包含如下内容:

{   
     "versionCode": "2",      //版本号
     "versionName": "2.0",  //版本名称
     //服务器上最新版本的app的下载地址
     "apkUrl": "http://oh0vbg8a6.bkt.clouddn.com/app-debug.apk",
     "updateTitle": "更新提示" ,
     "changeLog":"1.修复xxx Bug;2.更新了某某UI界面."
 }

备注:

versionCode 2  //对用户不可见,仅用于应用市场、程序内部识别版本,判断新旧等用途。
versionName "2.0"//展示给用户,让用户会知道自己安装的当前版本.
//versionCode的值,必须是int

2、获取用户当前使用的APP的versionCode(版本号)

/**
 * 获取当前APP版本号
 * @param context
 * @return
 */
public static int getPackageVersionCode(Context context){
    PackageManager manager = context.getPackageManager();
    PackageInfo packageInfo = null;
    try {
        packageInfo = manager.getPackageInfo(context.getPackageName(),0);
    } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    if(packageInfo != null){
        return packageInfo.versionCode;
    }else{
        return 1;
    }
}

3、拿到本地的版本号后,与获取到的服务器的最新的版本号做对比,如果比我们本地获取的APP的versionCode 高,则就进行下一步

//如果当前版本小于新版本,则更新

//获取当前app版本
int currVersionCode = AppUtils.getPackageVersionCode  (MainActivity.this);
//newVersionCode自己通过网络框架访问服务器,解析数据得到

if(currVersionCode < newVersionCode){
         Log.i("tag", "有新版本需要更新");
          showHintDialog(); //弹出对话框,提示用户更新APP
 }

4、如果服务器有新的高版本,则弹出对话框提示用户更新

//显示询问用户是否更新APP的dialog
private void showHintDialog() {
    AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
    builder.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
            .setMessage("检测到当前有新版本,是否更新?")
            .setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                    //取消更新,则跳转到旧版本的APP的页面
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "暂时不更新app", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            })
            .setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                    //6.0以下系统,不需要请求权限,直接下载新版本的app
                    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
                        downloadApk();
                    } else {
                        //6.0以上,先检查,申请权限,再下载
                        checkPermission();
                    }

                }
            }).create().show();
}

5、如果用户选择了更新APP,则对手机系统版本进行判断

  • 6.0以下系统,不需要请求权限,直接下载新版本的app

  • 6.0以上,先检查,申请权限,再下载

<--网络权限--> 

<--读写sdcard的权限-->

<--访问网络状态的权限-->



6、检查权限(6.0以上系统)

//检查权限
private void checkPermission() {
    //app更新所需的权限
    String[] permissions = {Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.INTERNET};
    if (EasyPermissions.hasPermissions(this, permissions)) {
        // Already have permission, do the thing
        // ...
        downloadApk();
    } else {
        // Do not have permissions, request them now(请求权限)
        EasyPermissions.requestPermissions(this, "app更新需要读写sdcard的权限",
                REQUEST_CODE_WRITE, permissions);
    }
}

授权结果的回调:

//授权的结果的回调方法
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
    super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
    if(requestCode == REQUEST_CODE_WRITE){
        if(grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                downloadApk();
        }
    }
}

备注:

Manifest.permission.INTERNET完全可以不用写,但是,我之前在比较复杂的测试中,遇到过问题,故此处就加上了。

权限申请,有时,用户拒绝了授权,并且勾选了不再提示的选项,那么用户会因为没有授权而不能使用一些功能,这样的用户体验是非常糟糕的,为了解决这个问题,我们可以通过弹出自定义的Dialog来让用户打开APP设置界面去手动开启相应的权限,这样才能完整的使用app,所以还需要实现EasyPermissions.PermissionCallbacks接口,重写如下方法

/**
 * 用户同意授权了
 *
 * @param requestCode
 * @param perms
 */
@Override
public void onPermissionsGranted(int requestCode, List perms) {
    downloadApk();
    Log.i("tag","--------->同意授权");
}

/**
 * 用户拒绝了授权,则通过弹出对话框让用户打开app设置界面,
 * 手动授权,然后返回app进行版本更新
 *
 * @param requestCode
 * @param perms
 */
@Override
public void onPermissionsDenied(int requestCode, List perms) {
    Toast.makeText(this, "没有同意授权", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    if (EasyPermissions.somePermissionPermanentlyDenied(this, perms)) {
        new AppSettingsDialog.Builder(this, "请设置权限")
                .setTitle("设置对话框")
                .setPositiveButton("设置")
                .setNegativeButton("取消", null /* click listener */)
                .setRequestCode(RC_SETTINGS_SCREEN)
                .build()
                .show();
    }
}

@Override
public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
      super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

      if (requestCode == RC_SETTINGS_SCREEN) {
      // Do something after user returned from app settings screen, like   showing a Toast.
      Toast.makeText(this, "从app设置返回应用界面", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
            .show();
      downloadApk();
      }
}

7、接下来只需要进行下载安装即可,我们这时候就要判断,是否处于WiFi状态下,如果是WiFi情况下就直接进行更新,如果不是,再创建对话框,然后询问用户,是否确定需要通过流量来进行下载:(因为一般下载都是在后台,所以都是放在Service中进行操作的。通过startService(new Intent(MainActivity.this, UpdateService.class));来启动服务进行下载)

判断是否处于WiFi状态

/**
 * 判断是否处于WiFi状态
 * getActiveNetworkInfo 是可用的网络,不一定是链接的,getNetworkInfo 是链接的。
 */
public static boolean isWifi(Context context) {
    ConnectivityManager manager = (ConnectivityManager)context. getSystemService(CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
    //NetworkInfo info = manager.getNetworkInfo(ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI);
    NetworkInfo networkInfo = manager.getActiveNetworkInfo();
    //处于WiFi连接状态
    if (networkInfo != null && networkInfo.getType() == ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI) {
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

新版app下载

//下载最新版的app
private void downloadApk() {
    boolean isWifi = AppUtils.isWifi(this); //是否处于WiFi状态
    if (isWifi) {
        startService(new Intent(MainActivity.this, UpdateService.class));
        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "开始下载。", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    } else {
        //弹出对话框,提示是否用流量下载
        AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
        builder.setTitle("提示");
        builder.setMessage("是否要用流量进行下载更新");
        builder.setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                dialogInterface.dismiss();
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "取消更新。", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        });

        builder.setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                startService(new Intent(MainActivity.this, UpdateService.class));
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "开始下载。", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        });
        builder.setCancelable(false);

        AlertDialog dialog = builder.create();
        //设置不可取消对话框
        dialog.setCancelable(false);
        dialog.setCanceledOnTouchOutside(false);
        dialog.show();
    }
}

备注:

如果对service不是很理解的童鞋,可以看看这篇文章:深入理解Service

8、Service进行下载

这里是用DownloadManager进行下载的,下载完成后,点击通知的图标,可以自动安装。
这里顺便给出一个DownloadManager的链接,有需要的,可以自行阅读:Android系统下载管理DownloadManager

  • 通过DownLoadManager来进行APK的下载,代码如下:
    //开始下载最新版本的apk文件
    DownloadManager downloadManager = (DownloadManager)context.getSystemService(DOWNLOAD_SERVICE);
    //DownloadManager实现下载
    DownloadManager.Request request = new DownloadManager.Request(Uri.parse(MainConstant.NEW_VERSION_APP_URL));
    request.setTitle("文件下载")
            .setDestinationInExternalPublicDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS,MainConstant.NEW_VERSION_APK_NAME)
            //设置通知在下载中和下载完成都会显示
            //.setNotificationVisibility(DownloadManager.Request.VISIBILITY_VISIBLE_NOTIFY_COMPLETED)
            //设置通知只在下载过程中显示,下载完成后不再显示
            .setNotificationVisibility(DownloadManager.Request.VISIBILITY_VISIBLE);
    downloadManager.enqueue(request);

  • 下载完毕,自动安装的实现

当DownLoadManager下载完成后,会发送一个DownloadManager.ACTION_DOWNLOAD_COMPLETE的广播,所以我们只要刚开始在启动Service的时候,注册一个广播,监听
DownloadManager.ACTION_DOWNLOAD_COMPLETE,然后当下载完成后,在BroadcastReceiver中调用安装APK的方法即可。

//广播接收的注册
public void receiverRegist() {
    receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            //安装apk
            AppUtils.installApk(context);
            stopSelf(); //停止下载的Service
        }
    };
    IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(DownloadManager.ACTION_DOWNLOAD_COMPLETE);
    registerReceiver(receiver, filter); //注册广播
}

  • 通过隐式意图安装apk
/**Apk的安装
 *
 * @param context
 */
public static void installApk(Context context) {
    Intent intent = new Intent();
    intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
    intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); //这个必须有
    intent.setDataAndType(
            Uri.fromFile(new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(
                    Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS), MainConstant.NEW_VERSION_APK_NAME)),
            "application/vnd.android.package-archive");
    context.startActivity(intent);
}

Service中的完整代码

public class UpdateService extends Service {

    public static final int NOTIFICATION_ID = 100;
    private static final int REQUEST_CODE = 10; //PendingIntent中的请求码
    //下载的新版本的apk的存放路径
    public static final String destPath = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS) + File.separator + "newversion.apk";

    private Context mContext = this;
    private Notification mNotification;
    private NotificationManager manager;
    private NotificationCompat.Builder builder;
    private RemoteViews remoteViews;
    private BroadcastReceiver receiver;

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        receiverRegist();
        //下载apk文件
        AppUtils.downloadApkByDownloadManager(this);
        return Service.START_STICKY;
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        //解除注册
        unregisterReceiver(receiver);
    }

    //广播接收的注册
    public void receiverRegist() {
        receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
            @Override
            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
                //安装apk
                AppUtils.installApk(context);
                stopSelf(); //停止下载的Service
            }
        };
        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(DownloadManager.ACTION_DOWNLOAD_COMPLETE);
        registerReceiver(receiver, filter); //注册广播
    }
}

下面这段代码是自己封装的下载apk并实现自动安装的功能,如有不妥之处,敬请 指出

public class UpdateService extends IntentService {

    public static final int NOTIFICATION_ID = 100;
    private static final int REQUEST_CODE = 10; //PendingIntent中的请求码
    public static final String destPath = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS) + File.separator + "newversion.apk";

    private Context mContext = this;
    private Notification mNotification;
    private NotificationManager manager;
    private NotificationCompat.Builder builder;
    private RemoteViews remoteViews;

    public UpdateService() {
        super("UpdateService");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
        if (intent != null) {
            //开始下载最新版本的apk文件

            initNotification();
            download(MainConstant.NEW_VERSION_APP_URL);
        }
    }

    private void download(String newVersionApkUrl) {
        BufferedInputStream bis = null;
        BufferedOutputStream bos = null;

        try {
            URL url = new URL(newVersionApkUrl);
            HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            //设置连接的属性
            conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
            conn.setReadTimeout(5000);
            //如果响应码为200
            if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200) {
                bis = new BufferedInputStream(conn.getInputStream());
                bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(destPath));
                int totalSize;
                int count = 0; //读取到的字节数的计数器
                int progress; //当前进度
                byte[] data = new byte[1024 * 1024];
                int len;
                //文件总的大小
                totalSize = conn.getContentLength();
                while ((len = bis.read(data)) != -1) {
                    count += len; //读取当前总的字节数
                    bos.write(data, 0, len);
                    bos.flush();

                    progress = (int) ((count / (float) totalSize) * 100);
                    //progress = (count * 100) / totalSize; //当前下载的进度

                    //重新设置自定义通知的进度条的进度
                    remoteViews.setProgressBar(R.id.progressBar, 100, progress, false);
                    remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.tv_progress, "已经下载了:" + progress + "%");
                    //发送通知
                    manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, mNotification);
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (bis != null) {
                try {
                    bis.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (bos != null) {
                try {
                    bos.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

        //下载文件完成以后,执行以下操作
        Intent installIntent = new Intent();
        /**启动系统服务的Activity,用于显示用户的数据。
         比较通用,会根据用户的数据类型打开相应的Activity。
         */
        installIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
        installIntent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(new File(destPath)), "application/vnd.android.package-archive");
        //实例化延时的Activity
        PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(mContext, REQUEST_CODE, installIntent, PendingIntent.FLAG_ONE_SHOT);
        builder.setContentTitle("文件下载完毕!")
                .setSmallIcon(android.R.drawable.stat_sys_download_done)
                .setContentText("已下载100%")
                .setContentIntent(pendingIntent);
        //点击通知图标,自动消失
        Notification notification = builder.build();
        notification.flags |= Notification.FLAG_AUTO_CANCEL;
        manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, notification);
    }

    //初始化通知
    private void initNotification() {
        builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(mContext);
        //自定义的Notification
        remoteViews = new RemoteViews(getPackageName(), R.layout.layout_main_notification);
        Bitmap largeIcon = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.stat_sys_download_anim0);

        builder.setTicker("开始下载apk文件")
                .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.stat_sys_download_anim5)
                .setLargeIcon(largeIcon)
                .setContent(remoteViews);

        //实例化通知对象
        mNotification = builder.build();

        //获取通知的管理器
        manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
    }
}

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