centos7 mysql5.7.38自定义路径安装

1、查看rpm包

rpm-qa|grep mysql 若有可用 rpm-e卸载

[root@4WAN_1LAN_IPSec_VPN_Router ~]# rpm -qa|grep mysql

查找是否有mysql

[root@4WAN_1LAN_IPSec_VPN_Router ~]# find / -name mysql
/run/lock/subsys/mysql
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql
/usr/bin/mysql
/usr/local/mysql-5.7.35-el7-x86_64/bin/mysql
/usr/local/mysql-5.7.35-el7-x86_64/include/mysql
/usr/local/mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
/usr/local/mysql/include/mysql
/data/mysql
/data/mysql/data/mysql
[root@4WAN_1LAN_IPSec_VPN_Router ~]# whereis mysql
mysql: /usr/bin/mysql /usr/local/mysql /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql

2、卸载CentOS7系统自带mariadb

# 查看系统自带的Mariadb
# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
# 卸载系统自带的Mariadb
# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
# 删除etc目录下的my.cnf ，一定要删掉，等下再重新建，之前我将就用这个文件，后面改配置各种不生效
# rm /etc/my.cnf

3、检查有无安装过mysql 用户组，没有的话创建

//检查mysql 用户组是否存在
cat /etc/group | grep mysql
cat /etc/passwd |grep mysql

// 创建mysql 用户组和用户
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql

4、下载安装,从官网安装下载mysql包

1. cd /usr/local/   -- 进入local目录，下载mysql tar.gz包

2. # wget下载或者本地下载后上传

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.38-el7-x86_64.tar.gz

这里的下载连接：https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.38-el7-x86_64.tar.gz，去mysql官网下获取

5、解压安装mysql

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.31-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

6、将解压的文件做文件改名

mv mysql-5.7.31-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

7、更改mysql 目录下所有文件夹所属的用户组和用户，以及权限

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql

8、创建mysql相关目录

1. mkdir -p /data/mysql/{data,logs,tmp}

2. # 更改文件夹所属

3. chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/

9、创建mysql配置文件my.cnf

vi /etc/my.cnf
# 简单模板如下：
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql 
datadir = /data/mysql/data 
port = 3306 
socket = /data/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock
pid-file = /data/mysql/tmp/mysqld.pid
tmpdir = /data/mysql/tmp 
skip_name_resolve = 1
symbolic-links=0
max_connections = 2000
group_concat_max_len = 1024000
sql_mode = NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
lower_case_table_names = 1
log_timestamps=SYSTEM
character-set-server = utf8
interactive_timeout = 1800 
wait_timeout = 1800
max_allowed_packet = 32M
binlog_cache_size = 4M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
read_buffer_size = 4M
join_buffer_size = 4M
tmp_table_size = 96M
max_heap_table_size = 96M
max_length_for_sort_data = 8096
#logs
server-id = 1003306
log-error = /data/mysql/logs/error.log
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/logs/slow.log
long_query_time = 3
log-bin = /data/mysql/logs/binlog
binlog_format = row
expire_logs_days = 15
log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1
relay-log = /data/mysql/logs/relay-bin
relay-log-recovery = 1 
relay_log_purge = 1 
#innodb 
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_io_capacity = 2000
innodb_io_capacity_max = 4000
innodb_flush_neighbors = 0
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode = 2
innodb_read_io_threads = 8
innodb_write_io_threads = 8
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G

10、配置mysql.server

cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files
cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
vi /etc/init.d/mysql
# 修改目录位置
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql/data
# 注册开机启动服务
chkconfig --add mysql
chkconfig --list

11、添加环境变量

echo "PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin " >> /etc/profile 
source /etc/profile

12、初始化mysql

yum install libaio*
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data

# 临时密码保存在mysql_error.err中 
# 获取临时密码
more /data/mysql/logs/mysql_error.err |grep password

 13、启动mysql服务，并修改密码

# 启动mysql服务
service mysql start
# 在该服务器使用初始密码登录mysql服务 并修改密码
mysql -uroot -p
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root';
update mysql.user set host='%' where user='root';
flush privileges;