定时任务系列(9)-Quartz启动核心原理之错过调度

再回到上一章的的开头，我们分析了集群的地方也还有一段代码：

       misfireHandler = new MisfireHandler();
        if(initializersLoader != null)
            misfireHandler.setContextClassLoader(initializersLoader);
        misfireHandler.initialize();
        schedulerRunning = true;

这一段就是初始化一个MisfireHandler线程，MisfireHandler也是JobStoreSupport的一个内部类，同集群的初始化方法一样，这里的初始化方法也执行了线程的执行。
直接看run方法

     while (!shutdown) {

         long sTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
         //获取misfired的job
         RecoverMisfiredJobsResult recoverMisfiredJobsResult = manage();

         if (recoverMisfiredJobsResult.getProcessedMisfiredTriggerCount() > 0) {
             signalSchedulingChangeImmediately(recoverMisfiredJobsResult.getEarliestNewTime());
         }

         if (!shutdown) {
             long timeToSleep = 50l;  // At least a short pause to help balance threads
             if (!recoverMisfiredJobsResult.hasMoreMisfiredTriggers()) {
                 timeToSleep = getMisfireThreshold() - (System.currentTimeMillis() - sTime);
                 if (timeToSleep <= 0) {
                     timeToSleep = 50l;
                 }

                 if(numFails > 0) {
                     timeToSleep = Math.max(getDbRetryInterval(), timeToSleep);
                 }
             }

             try {
                 Thread.sleep(timeToSleep);
             } catch (Exception ignore) {
             }
         }//while !shutdown
     }
 }

首先获取misfired的job，根据不同策略设定的调度时间，重新调度任务
例如：

• MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION_FIRE_ONCE_NOW：立即执行一次
• MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION_DO_NOTHING：等待下一次触发
• MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION_IGNORE_MISFIRE_POLICY：忽略异常

然后再每个间隔（默认50ms）重新检测misfired

现在来看看quartz如何获取misfired的job，直接看manage方法中的doRecoverMisfires方法

    protected RecoverMisfiredJobsResult doRecoverMisfires() throws JobPersistenceException {
        boolean transOwner = false;
        Connection conn = getNonManagedTXConnection();
        try {
            RecoverMisfiredJobsResult result = RecoverMisfiredJobsResult.NO_OP;
            
            // Before we make the potentially expensive call to acquire the 
            // trigger lock, peek ahead to see if it is likely we would find
            // misfired triggers requiring recovery.
            // 在我们进行潜在的昂贵调用以获取触发器锁之前，请提前查看是否可能会发现需要恢复的未触发触发器。
            // 这里如果没有失火的话，是可以不用拿锁的
            int misfireCount = (getDoubleCheckLockMisfireHandler()) ?
                getDelegate().countMisfiredTriggersInState(
                    conn, STATE_WAITING, getMisfireTime()) : 
                Integer.MAX_VALUE;
            
            if (misfireCount == 0) {
                getLog().debug(
                    "Found 0 triggers that missed their scheduled fire-time.");
            } else {
                transOwner = getLockHandler().obtainLock(conn, LOCK_TRIGGER_ACCESS);
                //拿到锁后处理失火故障
                result = recoverMisfiredJobs(conn, false);
            }
            
            commitConnection(conn);
            return result;
        } catch (JobPersistenceException e) {
            rollbackConnection(conn);
            throw e;
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            rollbackConnection(conn);
            throw new JobPersistenceException("Database error recovering from misfires.", e);
        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
            rollbackConnection(conn);
            throw new JobPersistenceException("Unexpected runtime exception: "
                    + e.getMessage(), e);
        } finally {
            try {
                releaseLock(LOCK_TRIGGER_ACCESS, transOwner);
            } finally {
                cleanupConnection(conn);
            }
        }
    }

这里在获取锁前再查询一次是否有失火的任务，获取锁的开销是很大的，这里的处理尽量避免获取锁。拿到锁后处理失火故障：

    protected RecoverMisfiredJobsResult recoverMisfiredJobs(
        Connection conn, boolean recovering)
        throws JobPersistenceException, SQLException {

        // If recovering, we want to handle all of the misfired
        // triggers right away.
        int maxMisfiresToHandleAtATime = 
            (recovering) ? -1 : getMaxMisfiresToHandleAtATime();
        
        List<TriggerKey> misfiredTriggers = new LinkedList<TriggerKey>();
        long earliestNewTime = Long.MAX_VALUE;
        // We must still look for the MISFIRED state in case triggers were left 
        // in this state when upgrading to this version that does not support it.
        //我们仍然必须寻找 MISFIRED 状态，以防在升级到不支持它的版本时触发器处于此状态。
        //SELECT TRIGGER_NAME, TRIGGER_GROUP FROM t_rb_qrtz_TRIGGERS WHERE SCHED_NAME = 'scheduler'
        // AND NOT (MISFIRE_INSTR = -1) AND NEXT_FIRE_TIME < '1662464980466' AND TRIGGER_STATE = 'WAITING' ORDER BY NEXT_FIRE_TIME ASC, PRIORITY DESC
        boolean hasMoreMisfiredTriggers =
            getDelegate().hasMisfiredTriggersInState(
                conn, STATE_WAITING, getMisfireTime(), 
                maxMisfiresToHandleAtATime, misfiredTriggers);

        if (hasMoreMisfiredTriggers) {
            getLog().info(
                "Handling the first " + misfiredTriggers.size() +
                " triggers that missed their scheduled fire-time.  " +
                "More misfired triggers remain to be processed.");
        } else if (misfiredTriggers.size() > 0) { 
            getLog().info(
                "Handling " + misfiredTriggers.size() + 
                " trigger(s) that missed their scheduled fire-time.");
        } else {
            getLog().debug(
                "Found 0 triggers that missed their scheduled fire-time.");
            return RecoverMisfiredJobsResult.NO_OP; 
        }

        for (TriggerKey triggerKey: misfiredTriggers) {
            
            OperableTrigger trig = 
                retrieveTrigger(conn, triggerKey);

            if (trig == null) {
                continue;
            }
            //真正更新失火的数据
            doUpdateOfMisfiredTrigger(conn, trig, false, STATE_WAITING, recovering);

            if(trig.getNextFireTime() != null && trig.getNextFireTime().getTime() < earliestNewTime)
                earliestNewTime = trig.getNextFireTime().getTime();
        }

前面再次查询一次处于WAITING状态的trigger，拿到所有失火的数据再找到trigger，将trigger封住成OperableTrigger，再针对每个Trigger更新下次调度时间。

    private void doUpdateOfMisfiredTrigger(Connection conn, OperableTrigger trig, boolean forceState, String newStateIfNotComplete, boolean recovering) throws JobPersistenceException {
        Calendar cal = null;
        if (trig.getCalendarName() != null) {
            cal = retrieveCalendar(conn, trig.getCalendarName());
        }

        schedSignaler.notifyTriggerListenersMisfired(trig);
        //失火处理策略的更新
        trig.updateAfterMisfire(cal);

        if (trig.getNextFireTime() == null) {
            storeTrigger(conn, trig,
                null, true, STATE_COMPLETE, forceState, recovering);
            schedSignaler.notifySchedulerListenersFinalized(trig);
        } else {
            storeTrigger(conn, trig, null, true, newStateIfNotComplete,
                    forceState, recovering);
        }
    }

先通知所有的监听失火的监听器，然后修改具体的trigger，再重新将trigger写入数据库。