安装Linux-SUSE操作系统
文章目录
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- 一、安装Linux-SUSE系统
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- 1、环境准备
- 2、SUSE 镜像的下载
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- 2.1、下载企业服务器
- 2.2、ARM和桌面的ISO
- 3、安装SUSE
- 4、配置本地 yum 源
- 5、SUSE常用安装命令
- 6、在 SUSE系统上安装mysql数据库步骤：
- 7、破解SUSE系统root密码
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一、安装Linux-SUSE系统
1、环境准备
| 操作系统 | IP | 应用软件 |
|---|---|---|
| SUSE | 192.168.192.150 | mysql |
2、SUSE 镜像的下载
SUSE官网
点击免费下载
2.1、下载企业服务器
点击Download后出现的页面
选择 SLE-12-SP5-Server-DVD-x86_64-Boothole-Respin-DVD1.iso 下载
2.2、ARM和桌面的ISO
3、安装SUSE
选择installation安装
语言选择英文
跳过注册
选择默认
**根据虚拟化类型选择 **
手动分区规划
选中第一块硬盘sda，添加分区
第一块主分区
自定义2G boot分区
文件系统类型 Ext4
添加swap分区
添加根分区
选择地区
装好系统后新建用户，此处先跳过
自定义root密码
关闭防火墙 enable ssh
核实无误，install安装
登录
设置ssh远程连接
查看是否开启了防火墙：
SUSE12:~ # service SuSEfirewall2 status
● SuSEfirewall2.service - SuSEfirewall2 phase 2
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/SuSEfirewall2.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
SUSE12:~ #
如果开启了则编辑SuSEfirewall2文件，没有则无需往下做：
vim /etc/sysconfig/SuSEfirewall2
FW_SERVICES_EXT_UDP="22"
FW_SERVICES_EXT_TCP="22"
4、配置本地 yum 源
SUSE12:~ # cat /etc/os-release # 查看版本
NAME="SLES"
VERSION="12-SP5"
VERSION_ID="12.5"
PRETTY_NAME="SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5"
ID="sles"
ANSI_COLOR="0;32"
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:suse:sles:12:sp5"
SUSE12:~ #
# 配置 yum 源
SUSE12:~ # mkdir -p /mnt/suse_local_source # 创建本地存储目录
SUSE12:~ #
# 执行完后，会自动生成本地源，路径：/etc/zypp/repos.d/local-source.repo
SUSE12:~ # zypper ar file:///mnt/suse_local_source local-source #
Adding repository 'local-source' ..............................................................................................................[done]
Repository 'local-source' successfully added
URI : file:/mnt/suse_local_source
Enabled : Yes
GPG Check : Yes
Autorefresh : No
Priority : 99 (default priority)
Repository priorities are without effect. All enabled repositories share the same priority.
SUSE12:~ # mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/suse_local_source # 挂载ISO
mount: /mnt/suse_local_source: WARNING: device write-protected, mounted read-only.
SUSE12:~ # df -h | grep /mnt/suse_local_source # 查看是否已挂载上了
/dev/sr0 3.9G 3.9G 0 100% /mnt/suse_local_source
SUSE12:~ # ll /etc/zypp/repos.d/
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 195 Jun 3 12:35 SLES12-SP5-12.5-0.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 85 Jun 3 13:02 local-source.repo # 自动创建出来的
SUSE12:~ # cat /etc/zypp/repos.d/local-source.repo
[local-source]
enabled=1
autorefresh=0
baseurl=file:/mnt/suse_local_source
type=NONE
SUSE12:~ # zypper lr # 列出本地源
Repository priorities are without effect. All enabled repositories share the same priority.
# | Alias | Name | Enabled | GPG Check | Refresh
--+-------------------+-------------------+---------+-----------+--------
1 | SLES12-SP5-12.5-0 | SLES12-SP5-12.5-0 | Yes | (r ) Yes | No
2 | local-source | local-source | Yes | ( p) Yes | No
SUSE12:~ #
SUSE12:~ # which wget # 查看是否有 wget 命令
which: no wget in (/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/sbin:/root/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/games)
SUSE12:~ # zypper in -y wget # 安装 wget 命令
Warning: The gpg key signing file 'content' has expired.
Repository: local-source
Key Name: SuSE Package Signing Key
Key Fingerprint: FEAB5025 39D846DB 2C0961CA 70AF9E81 39DB7C82
Key Created: Wed Dec 7 18:57:35 2016
Key Expires: Sun Dec 6 18:57:35 2020 (EXPIRED)
Rpm Name: gpg-pubkey-39db7c82-5847eb1f
Building repository 'local-source' cache
···省略N
SUSE12:~ # which wget # 显示已有 wget 命令
/usr/bin/wget
SUSE12:~ #
5、SUSE常用安装命令
# 搜索软件包
zypper se example
#安装软件包
zypper in example
#卸载软件包
zypper rm example
#升级更新软件包
zypper up example
# 防火墙查看命令
chkconfig --list|grep -i fire
# 启动防火墙
SuSEfirewall2 start
# 关闭防火墙
SuSEfirewall2 stop
6、在 SUSE系统上安装mysql数据库步骤：
SUSE12:/opt # rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-common-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-common-8.0.25-1.e################################# [100%]
SUSE12:/opt #
SUSE12:/opt # rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-client-plugins-8.################################# [100%]
SUSE12:/opt # rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-libs-8.0.25-1.el7################################# [100%]
SUSE12:/opt # rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-client-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-client-8.0.25-1.e################################# [100%]
SUSE12:/opt # rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el################################# [100%]
SUSE12:/opt # rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.e################################# [100%]
SUSE12:/opt #
SUSE12:/opt # systemctl status mysqld // 查看状态
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
SUSE12:/opt #
SUSE12:/opt # systemctl start mysqld // 启动MySQL
SUSE12:/opt # systemctl status mysqld // 查看状态
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Fri 2023-02-24 13:26:46 CST; 12s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 2949 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 3019 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
Tasks: 38 (limit: 512)
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─3019 /usr/sbin/mysqld
Feb 24 13:26:38 SUSE12 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Feb 24 13:26:46 SUSE12 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
SUSE12:/opt #
7、破解SUSE系统root密码
第一步：
第二步：
写完之后按 Ctrl + x
第三步：
1、直接进入/bin/bash界面，然后就可以准备开始修改密码了
2、输入 mount -n / -o remount,rw #（注意是逗号，不是点号）
3、输入 /usr/bin/passwd重置root密码
4、修改完成后输入 mount -n / -o remount,ro，将根文件系统设为原来的状态
5、输入exit退出系统，重新启动系统，用新密码登陆。