CentOS7系统使用RPM安装MySQL8.0

1. 下载mysql的安装包
   访问mysql网站或者直接打开下载链接选择需要的mysql版本下载，这里选择mysql 8.0.20，如图：
   

   也可以直接使用下面的命令下载：

   #下载mysql
   wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-8.0/mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
   

2. 安装mysql

   #查看系统发行版本号
   cat /etc/redhat-release
   CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003 (Core)
   
   #解压安装包
   tar -zxvf mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
   #解压后文件如下
   mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   mysql-community-devel-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   mysql-community-test-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   #这里安装client、common、devel、libs、server即可
   
   #使用rpm通过如下命令安装所需软件包
   rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   

3. 初始化并启动mysql

   #初始化数据库
   mysqld --initialize
   #设置mysql数据目录所有者
   chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
   #开启mysql服务
   systemctl start mysqld
   

4. 登录mysql并设置权限

   #查看mysql初始登录密码
   cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
   2021-03-01T07:22:44.370984Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: wMrb1f_iqkKz
   
   #登录mysql
   mysql -uroot -p
   
   #修改密码
   ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '新密码';
   
   #远程访问授权
   create user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '密码';
   grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' with grant option;
   flush privileges;
   

5. 可视化工具兼容
   MySQL 8.0 和以前的版本加密规则不一样，而现在的可视化工具只支持旧的加密方式，具体原因点这里，使用如下命令修改加密规则：

   ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '密码' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
   flush privileges;