RocketMQ 5.0 学习笔记

1. 需求

背景:业务需要,平台将使用rocketMQ来实现消息的发送与消费,替代redis的消息功能。

需要在搭建好rocketMQ平台后,进行研究和验证。

技术:Springboot + RocketMQ5.0

使用场景:签到活动,给用户推送消息,日志上报等

2. 笔记

2.1 安装RocketMQ 5.0

2.1.1 下载

官网:https://rocketmq.apache.org/zh/docs/quickStart/01quickstart/

请注意下载二进制包,二进制包是已经编译完成后可以直接运行的,源码包是需要编译后运行的。

二进制包:https://dist.apache.org/repos/dist/release/rocketmq/5.1.0/rocketmq-all-5.1.0-bin-release.zip

2.1.2 修改参数

解压文件到 D:\rocketmq-5.0,就相当于安装好了
默认的java运行内存很大,这里要修改一下内存配置:
进入bin目录,修改runbroker.sh文件和runserver.sh(如果是windows系统,修改runbroker.cmd文件runserver.cmd

原本是4g,4g,2g的配置,我这里修改为了256m,256m,256m的配置,两个文件都是修改成这样就差不多了。
linux: JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -server -Xms256m -Xmx256m -Xmn128m"
windows: set "JAVA_OPT=%JAVA_OPT% -server -Xms256m -Xmx256m"

修改保存后,就是启动了。
RocketMQ 5.0 学习笔记_第1张图片

2.2 启动

启动可以按照官网的quick start启动,如下:

2.2.1 本地windows启动
  1. 启动NameServer
start mqnamesrv.cmd

在这里插入图片描述

  1. 启动broker
start mqbroker -n 127.0.0.1:9876 autoCreateTopicEnable=true

在这里插入图片描述

  1. 启动proxy
start mqbroker.cmd -n 127.0.0.1:9876

在这里插入图片描述

2.2.2 Linux启动

分别是在解压后的rocketMQ文件夹下执行如下命令:

  1. 启动mqnamesrv请在rocketMQ解压后的文件夹中的bin目录同级使用下面这些命令
### 启动namesrv
$ nohup sh bin/mqnamesrv &
 
### 验证namesrv是否启动成功
$ tail -f ~/logs/rocketmqlogs/namesrv.log
The Name Server boot success...
  1. 再启动Broker + proxy
### 先启动broker
$ nohup sh bin/mqbroker -n localhost:9876 --enable-proxy &

### 验证broker是否启动成功, 比如, broker的ip是192.168.1.2 然后名字是broker-a
$ tail -f ~/logs/rocketmqlogs/broker_default.log 
The broker[broker-a,192.169.1.2:10911] boot success...

可以使用jps查看或者使用如下命令查看日志文件:

tail -f ~/logs/rocketmqlogs/broker.log
  1. 如果用jps可查看启动的服务

OK,启动完成

2.3 RocketMQ Dashborad

参见git官网 https://gitcode.net/mirrors/apache/rocketmq-dashboard/

  1. 本地启动rocketmq-dashboard项目

将项目拉到本地后,idea打开,修改配置文件application.yml

rocketmq:
  config:
    # if this value is empty,use env value rocketmq.config.namesrvAddr  NAMESRV_ADDR | now, default localhost:9876
    # configure multiple namesrv addresses to manage multiple different clusters
    namesrvAddrs:
      - 127.0.0.1:9876  #修改namesrv的地址
      - 127.0.0.2:9876

启动:

windos:启动项目,idea -> run application

linux:先用maven打成jar包,然后 java-jar 启动

2.4 rocketmq + springboot

项目结构:
RocketMQ 5.0 学习笔记_第2张图片

  1. 导入依赖
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starterartifactId>
        dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
            <artifactId>lombokartifactId>
            <optional>trueoptional>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>
            <scope>testscope>
        dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.rocketmqgroupId>
            <artifactId>rocketmq-client-javaartifactId>
            <version>5.0.4version>
        dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
        dependency>
    dependencies>
  1. application.properties
server.port=8080

#自定义proxy地址
rocketmq.proxy = 127.0.0.1:8081
  1. 配置生产者
package com.example.config;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.apis.ClientConfiguration;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.apis.ClientConfigurationBuilder;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.apis.ClientException;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.apis.ClientServiceProvider;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.apis.producer.Producer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Slf4j
@Configuration
public class RocketConfig {

    // 接入点地址,需要设置成Proxy的地址和端口列表,一般是xxx:8081;xxx:8081。
    @Value("${rocketmq.proxy}")
    private String mqProxy;

    @Bean(name="MyProducer")
    public Producer createProducer(){
        ClientServiceProvider provider = ClientServiceProvider.loadService();
        ClientConfigurationBuilder builder = ClientConfiguration.newBuilder().setEndpoints(mqProxy);
        ClientConfiguration configuration = builder.build();

        // 初始化Producer时需要设置通信配置以及预绑定的Topic。
        try {
            log.info("初始化rocketmq5.0生产者: proxy:{}",mqProxy);
            Producer producer = provider.newProducerBuilder()
                    .setClientConfiguration(configuration).build();
            log.info("初始化rocketmq5.0生产者成功: proxy:{}", mqProxy);
            return producer;
        } catch (ClientException e) {
            log.info("初始化rocketmq5.0生产者失败:{}", e);
        }
        return null;
    }
}
  1. 消费者
package com.example.service;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.apis.ClientConfiguration;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.apis.ClientException;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.apis.ClientServiceProvider;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.apis.consumer.ConsumeResult;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.apis.consumer.FilterExpression;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.apis.consumer.FilterExpressionType;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Collections;

@Slf4j
@Component
public class RocketConsumer {

    @Value("${rocketmq.proxy}")
    private String mqProxy;

    // 为消费者指定所属的消费者分组,Group需要提前创建。
    private static final String My_Consumer_Group = "myConsumerGroup1";

    // 指定需要订阅哪个目标Topic,Topic需要提前创建。
    private static final String My_Topic = "myTopicTest1";

    @Bean(name = "MyConsumer")
    public void mqConsumer(){
        ClientServiceProvider provider = ClientServiceProvider.loadService();
        // 接入点地址,需要设置成Proxy的地址和端口列表,一般是xxx:8081;xxx:8081。
        ClientConfiguration clientConfiguration = ClientConfiguration.newBuilder()
                .setEndpoints(mqProxy).build();
        // 订阅消息的过滤规则,表示订阅所有Tag的消息。
        String tag = "*";
        FilterExpression filterExpression = new FilterExpression(tag, FilterExpressionType.TAG);

        // 初始化PushConsumer,需要绑定消费者分组ConsumerGroup、通信参数以及订阅关系。
        try {
            log.info("构建消费者:proxy: {}, consumer_group: {}, topic: {}", mqProxy, My_Consumer_Group, My_Topic);
            provider.newPushConsumerBuilder().setClientConfiguration(clientConfiguration)
                    .setConsumerGroup(My_Consumer_Group)
                    // 设置预绑定的订阅关系。
                    .setSubscriptionExpressions(Collections.singletonMap(My_Topic, filterExpression))
                    // 设置消费监听器。
                    .setMessageListener(messageView -> {
                        // 处理消息并返回消费结果。
                        log.info("消费消息:{}", messageView);
                        log.info("消息内容:messageId={}, messageBody={}", messageView.getMessageId(),
                                StandardCharsets.UTF_8.decode(messageView.getBody()).toString());
                        return ConsumeResult.SUCCESS;
                    }).build();
            log.info("构建消费者成功:proxy: {}, consumer_group: {}, topic: {}", mqProxy, My_Consumer_Group, My_Topic);
        } catch (ClientException e) {
            log.info("构建消费者异常:proxy: {}, consumer_group: {}, topic: {}, Excepiton:", mqProxy, My_Consumer_Group, My_Topic, e);
        }
    }
}
  1. 接口测试
package com.example.controller;

import org.apache.rocketmq.client.apis.ClientException;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.apis.message.Message;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.apis.message.MessageBuilder;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.apis.producer.Producer;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.apis.producer.SendReceipt;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.java.message.MessageBuilderImpl;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

@RestController
public class TestMqController {

    @Resource(name = "MyProducer")
    private Producer producer;

    @GetMapping("/sendMessage")
    public String sendMessage() throws ClientException {
        MessageBuilder messageBuilder = new MessageBuilderImpl();
        String msgStr = "a test message for rocketmq5.0 ...";
        Message message = messageBuilder.setTopic("myTopicTest1")
                .setBody(msgStr.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)).build();
        SendReceipt send = producer.send(message);
        return "success";
    }
}
  1. 启动服务

RocketMQ 5.0 学习笔记_第3张图片

  1. 调接口
http://127.0.0.1:8080/sendMessage
  1. 后台日志
2023-03-07 19:19:15.915  INFO 21508 --- [onsumption-1-34] com.example.service.RocketConsumer       : 消费消息:MessageViewImpl{messageId=01A87EEA967B8354040418B7B300000000, topic=myTopicTest1, bornHost=DESKTOP-RNCSLDE, bornTimestamp=1678187955816, endpoints=ipv4:127.0.0.1:8081, deliveryAttempt=1, tag=null, keys=[], messageGroup=null, deliveryTimestamp=null, properties={}}
2023-03-07 19:19:15.915  INFO 21508 --- [onsumption-1-34] com.example.service.RocketConsumer       : 消息内容:messageId=01A87EEA967B8354040418B7B300000000, messageBody=a test message for rocketmq5.0 ...
  1. dashborad

本地启动rocketmq dashborad, 修改服务启动端口 server.port: 8088

访问面板:http://127.0.0.1:8088/#/ (我调用了4次接口)

RocketMQ 5.0 学习笔记_第4张图片
RocketMQ 5.0 学习笔记_第5张图片

3. 思考

  1. 消费异常如何处理?
    • 打印日志,记录msgId, body等
    • 重试机制是怎样的
  2. 之前的消息是存在redis,消息如何从redis平滑迁移到rocketmq

代码参考文章:RocketMQ 5.0 实战

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