Android 中常用的 uri 如何使用呢 ?(此篇分析基础为Android 7.1.1系统源码),参看Android官方说明:https://developer.android.com/reference/android/net/Uri,代码可在此查看:https://github.com/LineageOS/android_frameworks_base/blob/lineage-20.0/core/java/android/net/Uri.java
通用资源标志符 URI (Universal Resource Identifier),URI 在 java.net.URI 中定义,显然是 Java 提供的一个类。而 Uri 位置在 android.net.Uri 中定义(Android 源码内位置:frameworks/base/core/java/android/net/Uri.java),是特有针对 Android 系统定义的类。Uri 代表要操作的数据,Android 上可用的每种资源(图像、视频片段、网页等)都可以用 Uri 来表示。
Uri 的组成部分:
Uri 的结构:
# 基本形式
[scheme:]scheme-specific-part[#fragment]
# 第二形式
[scheme:][//authority][path][?query][#fragment]
# 第三形式
[scheme:][//host:port][path][?query][#fragment]
特别针对scheme说明下,Uri中有这么几种常用标识:
# 基本形式
[scheme:]scheme-specific-part[#fragment]
# 第二形式
[scheme:][//authority][path][?query][#fragment]
注意其中规则:
scheme://authority/path1/path2/path3?query#fragment
//这里有一个参数id,它的值是1
scheme://authority/path1/path2/path3?id=1#fragment
/*
这里有3个参数:
参数1:id,其值是:1
参数2:name,其值是:pedro
参数3:old,没有对它赋值,所以它的值是null
*/
scheme://authority/path1/path2/path3?id = 1&name=pedro&old#fragment
在android中,除了scheme、authority是必须要有的,其它的几个path、query、fragment,它们每一个可以选择性的要或不要,但顺序不能变
第二形式中 authority 又可以分为 host:port 的形式,这是划分最细的形式:
# 第三形式
[scheme:][//host:port][path][?query][#fragment]
可以通过这个例子检测下学习效果:
http://www.pedro11.com:8080/yourpath/fileName.html?stove=10&path=32&id=4#harvic
我把 Android 源码中 frameworks/base/core/java/android/net/Uri.java (也可在此查看:https://github.com/LineageOS/android_frameworks_base/blob/lineage-20.0/core/java/android/net/Uri.java)导入到 IDEA 工程中,通过 IDEA 的 Diagram 工具生成了它的 UML 类图(注意其中紫色方法为抽象方法),更方便分析这个有意思的类(在Uri.java中可以看出它有很多内部类,而且内部类又继承了Uri类本身)。
类图中各个小图标的含义可查看这里:https://jetbrains.design/intellij/resources/icons_list/
String mUriStr = "http://www.pedro11.com:8080/yourpath/fileName.html?stove=10&path=32&id=4#harvic";
Uri mUri = Uri.parse(mUriStr);
List<String> pathSegList = mUri.getPathSegments();
for (String pathItem:pathSegList){
Log.d("qijian","pathSegItem:"+pathItem);
}
Log.d(tag,"getQueryParameter(\"stove\"):"+mUri.getQueryParameter("stove"));
Log.d(tag,"getQueryParameter(\"id\"):"+mUri.getQueryParameter("id"));
ContentUris 有两个作用:
//比如有这样一个Uri
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.example.yy/book");
//通过ContentUris的withAppendedId()方法,为该Uri加上ID
Uri resultUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri, 10);
//最后resultUri为:
//content://com.example.yy/book/10
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.example.yy/book/10")
long bookId= ContentUris.parseId(uri);
待添加
file = new File(new URI(uri.toString()));
URI uri = file.toURI();
private String getPath(Context context, Uri uri) {
String path = null;
Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, null, null, null, null);
if (cursor == null) {
return null;
}
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
try {
path = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
cursor.close();
return path;
}
Uri uri = Uri.parse(path);
String path = file.getPath();
File file = new File(path);
//显示网页:
Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://www.google.com");
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW,uri);
startActivity(it);
//显示地图:
Uri uri = Uri.parse("geo:38.899533,-77.036476");
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.Action_VIEW,uri);
startActivity(it);
//路径规划:
Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&saddr=startLat%20startLng&daddr=endLat%20endLng&hl=en");
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW,URI);
startActivity(it);
//调用拨号程序,要使用这个必须在配置文件中加入
Uri uri = Uri.parse("tel:xxxxxx");
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DIAL, uri);
startActivity(it);
Uri uri = Uri.parse("tel.xxxxxx");
Intent it =new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL,uri);
//调用发送短信的程序
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
it.putExtra("sms_body", "The SMS text");
it.setType("vnd.android-dir/mms-sms");
startActivity(it);
//发送短信
Uri uri = Uri.parse("smsto:0800000123");
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
it.putExtra("sms_body", "The SMS text");
startActivity(it);
//发送彩信
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media/23");
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
it.putExtra("sms_body", "some text");
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri);
it.setType("image/png");
startActivity(it);
//发送Email
Uri uri = Uri.parse("mailto:[email protected]");
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
startActivity(it);
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, "[email protected]");
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text");
it.setType("text/plain");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));
Intent it=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
String[] tos={"[email protected]"};
String[] ccs={"[email protected]"};
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, tos);
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CC, ccs);
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text");
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");
it.setType("message/rfc822");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));
//添加附件
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, "[url=]file:///sdcard/mysong.mp3[/url]");
sendIntent.setType("audio/mp3");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));
//播放多媒体
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
Uri uri = Uri.parse("[url=]file:///sdcard/song.mp3[/url]");
it.setDataAndType(uri, "audio/mp3");
startActivity(it);
Uri uri = Uri.withAppendedPath(MediaStore.Audio.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "1");
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
startActivity(it);
//Uninstall APP
Uri uri = Uri.fromParts("package", strPackageName, null);
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DELETE, uri);
startActivity(it);
//调用相册
public static final String MIME_TYPE_IMAGE_JPEG = "image/*";
public static final int ACTIVITY_GET_IMAGE = 0;
Intent getImage = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
getImage.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
getImage.setType(MIME_TYPE_IMAGE_JPEG);
startActivityForResult(getImage, ACTIVITY_GET_IMAGE);
//调用系统相机应用程序,并存储拍下来的照片
Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
time = Calendar.getInstance().getTimeInMillis();
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()+"/tucue", time + ".jpg")));
startActivityForResult(intent, ACTIVITY_GET_CAMERA_IMAGE);
//play audio
Uri playUri = Uri.parse("[url=]file:///sdcard/download/everything.mp3[/url]");
returnIt = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, playUri);
//发送附件
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, "[url=]file:///sdcard/eoe.mp3[/url]");
sendIntent.setType("audio/mp3");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));
//搜索应用
Uri uri = Uri.parse("market://search?q=pname:pkg_name");
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
startActivity(it);
//进入联系人页面
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
intent.setData(People.CONTENT_URI);
startActivity(intent);
//查看指定联系人
Uri personUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(People.CONTENT_URI, info.id);//info.id联系人ID
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
intent.setData(personUri);
startActivity(intent);