使用WSL在Windows上安装Ubuntu

1. 清理环境

查看当前的wsl 状态，wsl --list 可以列出当前系统中已安装的子系统。

选择需要清理的系统，然后用 wsl --unregister 即可完成卸载。

将 wsl 默认版本设置为 2：

wsl --set-default-version 2

可以通过 wsl -l -v 进行查看。

2. 通过Store进行安装

通过 wsl --install ubuntu 安装，提示无法处理（应该为网络原因）。

调整为通过 微软商店（microsoft store）搜索 ubuntu，选择20.04版本，然后获取并打开。

安装完成后会提示输入新用户名，直接Ctrl+C 取消输入操作。（如果需要卸载，可以通过 wsl --unregester xxx进行处理）

默认会安装到C盘，C盘可用空间大于25G，可以跳过迁移步骤，但是 必须设置wsl默认启动实例 

可以通过 wsl -l -v 进行查看。

3. 迁移目录

导出：

wsl --export Ubuntu-20.04 E:\ubuntu.tar

Ubuntu-20.04 实例名

E:\ubuntu.tar 文件保存的地址

导出后，需要将原有的卸载。这样重新导入时，就不用重新命名了。

导入：

wsl --import ubuntu-20.04 E:\_WSL\ubuntu-20.04 E:\ubuntu.tar

ubuntu-20.04 新的实例名（本例中因为卸载了原有系统，所以没有新命名）

E:\_WSL\ubuntu-20.04 新的实例保存地址

E:\ubuntu.tar 导入的文件地址

查看导入结果，列出所有实例：

*代表当前默认启动实例

4. 设置默认环境

修改wsl默认启动实例：

wsl --set-default ubuntu-20.04

设置默认 ubuntu 默认登录用户为root：（注意：前面新建系统时，直接通过 ctrl+C 取消了新建用户）

ubuntu-20.04 config --default-user root

启动 ubuntu-20.04，因为默认为 ubuntu-20.04，所以直接 wsl 即可。

5. 配置更新

更新 apt 源，调整为国内源。

找到 sources.list 位置，备份：

cp sources.list sources.list.bak_20230420

更新：

#阿里源地址
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

#华为源地址
deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted
deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted
deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal universe
deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe
deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe
deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted
deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal-security universe

#中科大源地址
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

#163源地址
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

#清华源地址
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe ultiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe ultiverse

更新 sources.list时，如果系统的vim不好使用，则可以通过 /mnt 的硬盘映射，拷贝到windows系统处理，然后在ubuntu 中替换。

更新：

sudo apt update