【STM32】基础知识 第十课 CubeMx

STM32 CubeMX 简介

CubeMX (全称 STM32CubeMX) 是 ST 公司推出的一款用于 STM32 微控制器配置的图形化工具. 它能帮助开发者通过直观的图像界面快速完成 STM32 微控制器的硬件配置, 外设初始化以及中间件设置等工作. 通过 CubeMX, 开发者可以大幅提高开发效率, 降低开发难度, 尤其是对于刚接触 STM32 的新手.

CubeMX 的主要功能和特点如下:

1. 硬件配置: 通过图形化界面, 我们可以方便地配置 STM32 微控制器的引脚, 时钟树以及电源设置等, 无需手动查阅数据手册
2. 外设初始化: 支持 STM32 系列微控制器的各种外设, 包括定时器, UART, I2C, SPI 等. 我们可以通过简单的操作, 对外设进行参数设置和功能配置
3. 中间件设置: 内置了 ST 公司提供的各种中间件, 如 FreeRTOS, LwIP, USB Device 等. 我们可以通过 CubeMX 轻松地为项目添加所需的中间件
4. 代码生成: 根据配置的硬件和外设参数, CubeMX 可以自动生成初始化代码, 支持不同的 IDE, 如 AR, Keil, STM32CubeIDE 等. 生成的代码遵循 HAL 库标准, 方便开发者进行二次开发
5. 项目管理: 可以创建, 打开和保存项目, 方便开发者对多个项目进行管理. 同时, 还指出导入已有的项目, 便于后续的项目维护和优化

安装 JAVA

查看是否安装成功:

CubeMX 安装

新建 STM32 CubeMX 工程步骤

1. 工程初步建立: 新建工程, 选择芯片型号
2. 时钟模块配置: 设置 HSE, LSE, MCO
3. 时钟系统配置: PLL, SYSCLK, AHB, APB1, APB2 等等
4. GPIO 引脚配置: 以连接在 LED 灯的 IO 为例介绍如何配置
5. Cortex 内核配置: SYS (DEBUG) 配置, NVIC (优先级分组)
6. 生成工程源码: 设置工程, MDK 等, 最后生成代码工程
7. 编写用户程序: 在 main.c 文件预留的位置编写代码

新建工程

新建工程:

选择芯片:

时钟模块配置

配置时钟:

GPIO 配置

生成源码

main.c

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * 
© Copyright (c) 2021 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software component is licensed by ST under BSD 3-Clause license,
  * the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with the
  * License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
  *                        opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "gpio.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */

/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */

  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED0_GPIO_Port, LED0_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);  /*LED0 PB5置1*/ 
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED1_GPIO_Port, LED1_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);/*LED1 PE5置0*/ 
    HAL_Delay(500);
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED0_GPIO_Port, LED0_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);/*LED0 PB5置1*/
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED1_GPIO_Port, LED1_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);  /*LED1 PE5置0*/
    HAL_Delay(500);
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */

  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     tex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */