SpringBoot + Vue前后端分离项目实战 || 二：Spring Boot后端与数据库连接
系列文章：
SpringBoot + Vue前后端分离项目实战 || 一：Vue前端设计
文章目录
-
- 新建Spring后台项目
-
- 添加依赖
- 新建数据库
- IDEA 连接数据库
- IDEA 自动创建类实体
- 定义数据传递至前端的格式
B站视频讲解：2023全网最简单但实用的SpringBoot+Vue前后端分离项目实战
不想看视频可浏览此文章笔记，比较详细
新建Spring后台项目
IDEA file->new->project
选择 Spring Initializr
此处不加依赖，直接FINISH
添加依赖
首先确认本地maven已经配置好，点击File -> Settings 查看Maven
找到pom.xml文件
直接复制此处需要的依赖
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
<version>2.7.8version>
<relativePath/>
parent>
<groupId>com.umsgroupId>
<artifactId>x-adminartifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
<name>x-adminname>
<description>Demo project for Spring Bootdescription>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8java.version>
properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starterartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mysqlgroupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-jartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.baomidougroupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starterartifactId>
<version>3.5.2version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.baomidougroupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-plus-generatorartifactId>
<version>3.5.2version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.freemarkergroupId>
<artifactId>freemarkerartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
<artifactId>lombokartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redisartifactId>
<version>2.2.5.RELEASEversion>
dependency>
dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
plugin>
plugins>
build>
project>
遇到爆红，点击右侧Maven中刷新按钮，等待IDEA下载依赖即可，多刷新几次，等待
新建数据库
用navicat链接本地数据库，新建一个数据库xdb
新建一个 123.txt 文档，将以下SQL命令复制进去后，改名为123.sql
CREATE TABLE `x_user` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`username` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
`password` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
`email` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`phone` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`status` int(1) DEFAULT NULL,
`avatar` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL,
`deleted` INT(1) DEFAULT 0,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
insert into `x_user` (`id`, `username`, `password`, `email`, `phone`, `status`, `avatar`, `deleted`) values('1','admin','123456','[email protected]','18677778888','1','https://wpimg.wallstcn.com/f778738c-e4f8-4870-b634-56703b4acafe.gif','0');
insert into `x_user` (`id`, `username`, `password`, `email`, `phone`, `status`, `avatar`, `deleted`) values('2','zhangsan','123456','[email protected]','13966667777','1','https://wpimg.wallstcn.com/f778738c-e4f8-4870-b634-56703b4acafe.gif','0');
insert into `x_user` (`id`, `username`, `password`, `email`, `phone`, `status`, `avatar`, `deleted`) values('3','lisi','123456','[email protected]','13966667778','1','https://wpimg.wallstcn.com/f778738c-e4f8-4870-b634-56703b4acafe.gif','0');
insert into `x_user` (`id`, `username`, `password`, `email`, `phone`, `status`, `avatar`, `deleted`) values('4','wangwu','123456','[email protected]','13966667772','1','https://wpimg.wallstcn.com/f778738c-e4f8-4870-b634-56703b4acafe.gif','0');
insert into `x_user` (`id`, `username`, `password`, `email`, `phone`, `status`, `avatar`, `deleted`) values('5','zhaoer','123456','[email protected]','13966667776','1','https://wpimg.wallstcn.com/f778738c-e4f8-4870-b634-56703b4acafe.gif','0');
insert into `x_user` (`id`, `username`, `password`, `email`, `phone`, `status`, `avatar`, `deleted`) values('6','songliu','123456','[email protected]','13966667771','1','https://wpimg.wallstcn.com/f778738c-e4f8-4870-b634-56703b4acafe.gif','0');
CREATE TABLE `x_role` (
`role_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`role_name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`role_desc` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`role_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
insert into `x_role` (`role_id`, `role_name`, `role_desc`) values('1','admin','超级管理员');
insert into `x_role` (`role_id`, `role_name`, `role_desc`) values('2','hr','人事专员');
insert into `x_role` (`role_id`, `role_name`, `role_desc`) values('3','normal','普通员工');
CREATE TABLE `x_menu` (
`menu_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`component` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
`path` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
`redirect` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
`name` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
`title` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
`icon` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
`parent_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`is_leaf` varchar(1) DEFAULT NULL,
`hidden` tinyint(1) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`menu_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=12 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
insert into `x_menu`(`menu_id`,`component`,`path`,`redirect`,`name`,`title`,`icon`,`parent_id`,`is_leaf`,`hidden`) values (1,'Layout','/user','/user/list','userManage','用户管理','userManage',0,'N',0),(2,'user/user','list',NULL,'userList','用户列表','userList',1,'Y',0),(3,'user/role','role',NULL,'roleList','角色列表','role',1,'Y',0),(4,'user/permission','permission',NULL,'permissionList','权限列表','permission',1,'Y',0);
CREATE TABLE `x_user_role` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`user_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`role_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
insert into `x_user_role` (`id`, `user_id`, `role_id`) values('1','1','1');
CREATE TABLE `x_role_menu` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`role_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`menu_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
右击xdb选择运行SQL文件
找到123.sql文件后运行
运行成功
IDEA 连接数据库
打开src\main\resources\application.yml，如果没有该文件，只有application.property文件，则直接改其后缀为.yml
写入代码
server:
port: 9999 # 端口号
spring:
datasource:
username: root # 数据库名
password: 1234 # 数据库密码
url: jdbc:mysql:///xdb
redis:
port: 6379
host: localhost
logging:
level:
com.ums: debug
IDEA 自动创建类实体
先新建一个package:sys，空包，生成的代码会放在此处
用Mybatis-plus来自动创建类实体的java代码
在src\test下新建一个java类：CodeGenerator
然后写上如下代码，代码中有解释
package com.ums;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.generator.FastAutoGenerator;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.generator.config.OutputFile;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.generator.engine.FreemarkerTemplateEngine;
import java.util.Collections;
public class CodeGenerator {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String url = "jdbc:mysql:///xdb"; // 与配置文件 一致
String username = "root";
String password = "1234";
String author = "anthony";
String moduleName = "sys"; // 系统管理的代码包
String mapperLocation = "D:\\VueProj\\x-admin\\src\\main\\resources\\mapper\\" + moduleName ;
String tables = "x_menu,x_role,x_role_menu,x_user,x_user_role"; // 与数据库中的表名一致，逗号隔开
FastAutoGenerator.create(url, username, password)
.globalConfig(builder -> {
builder.author(author) // 设置作者
// .enableSwagger() // 开启 swagger 模式
// .fileOverride() // 覆盖已生成文件
.outputDir("D:\\VueProj\\x-admin\\src\\main\\java"); // 指定输出目录
})
.packageConfig(builder -> {
builder.parent("com.ums") // 设置父包名
.moduleName(moduleName) // 设置父包模块名
.pathInfo(Collections.singletonMap(OutputFile.xml, mapperLocation)); // 设置mapperXml生成路径
})
.strategyConfig(builder -> {
builder.addInclude(tables) // 设置需要生成的表名
.addTablePrefix("x_"); // 设置过滤表前缀， x_menu 生成的类实体无 x_ 前缀
})
.templateEngine(new FreemarkerTemplateEngine()) // 使用Freemarker引擎模板，默认的是Velocity引擎模板
.execute();
}
}
点击run
生成代码
定义数据传递至前端的格式
上一节说过，需要记录下前端登录的响应数据格式
现在，后端来构造此格式
{"code":20000,"data":{"token":"admin-token"}}
在src\main下新建一个package: common 然后新建package：vo 再新建一个java类Result
写入代码，有注释解释
package com.ums.common.vo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Result<T> {
private Integer code; // 成功失败的代码，此处定义2000为成功，2001为失败
private String message; // 消息，里面包含数据data
private T data; // 未定义的数据形式
// 此处重载了四个 success 方法，有些能够返回数据，有的只返回代码或信息
public static <T> Result<T> success() {
return new Result<>(20000,"success",null);
}
public static <T> Result<T> success(T data) {
return new Result<>(20000,"success",data);
}
public static <T> Result<T> success(T data, String message) {
return new Result<>(20000,message,data);
}
public static <T> Result<T> success(String message) {
return new Result<>(20000,message,null);
}
public static<T> Result<T> fail(){
return new Result<>(20001,"fail",null);
}
public static<T> Result<T> fail(Integer code){
return new Result<>(code,"fail",null);
}
public static<T> Result<T> fail(Integer code, String message){
return new Result<>(code,message,null);
}
public static<T> Result<T> fail( String message){
return new Result<>(20001,message,null);
}
}
测试
- 先在主程序
src\main\java中的XAdminApplication中加入注解@MapperScan("com.ums.*.mapper")
- 进入
UserController写测试代码
package com.ums.sys.controller; import com.ums.common.vo.Result; import com.ums.sys.entity.User; import com.ums.sys.service.IUserService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import java.util.List; /** ** 前端控制器 *
* * @author anthony * @since 2023-06-16 */ @RestController @RequestMapping("/user") public class UserController { @Autowired private IUserService userService; @GetMapping("/all") public Result<List<User>> getAllUser() { List<User> list = userService.list(); return Result.success(list,"查询成功"); } } - 运行主程序
进入浏览器输入http://localhost:9999/user/all显示数据则成功
此处数据格式也与前端对接得上