Kubernetes v1.22.2 环境搭建
Kubernetes v1.22.2 环境搭建
文章目录
- Kubernetes v1.22.2 环境搭建
-
- 1、环境准备
- 2、三台主机准备工作
-
- 2.1、修改/etc/hostname文件，更改三台主机名称
- 2.2、更改/etc/hosts文件添加主机名与IP映射关系
- 2.3、永久关闭防火墙和selinux
- 2.4、关闭swap分区
- 2.5、将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
- 2.6、Docker安装
- 2.7、安装kubeadm等工具
-
- 2.7.1、添加阿里云K8s的yum源
- 2.7.2、安装Kubeadm、Kubelet、Kubectl组件
- 3、初始化Kubernetes Master（仅在master上执行）
- 4、其他主机上执行加入集群的命令
- 5、有可能出现的错误记录
-
- 5.1、初始化时出现 error: Get "http://localhost:10248/healthz"
- 5.2、在安装部署的时候，出现问题解决后，需要执行一次kubeadm reset -f来清除一下kebeadm的信息，否则会出现端口，yaml等资源存在的情况
- 5.3、Master节点上查看集群状态
1、环境准备
| VM | 标签名 | 系统 | Docker | golang | 配置 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 192.168.1.18 | k8s-master | Centos-8.3 | 20.10.9 | go1.17.2 | 2C+2G |
| 192.168.1.155 | k8s-worker1 | Centos-8.3 | 20.10.9 | go1.17.2 | 2C+2G |
| 192.168.1.190 | k8s-worker2 | Centos-8.3 | 20.10.9 | go1.17.2 | 2C+2G |
2、三台主机准备工作
2.1、修改/etc/hostname文件，更改三台主机名称
192.168.1.18主机添加k8s-master
192.168.1.155主机添加k8s-worker1
192.168.1.190主机添加k8s-worker2
在这里因为本人为了区别其他k8s集群，用serverless标签加以区分了
2.2、更改/etc/hosts文件添加主机名与IP映射关系
在命令行中执行
`
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.1.18 severless-k8s-master
192.168.1.155 severless-k8s-worker1
192.168.1.190 severless-k8s-worker2
EOF
`
2.3、永久关闭防火墙和selinux
命令行中以此执行如下命令
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0
getenforce
2.4、关闭swap分区
swapoff -a //临时关闭
vim /etc/fstab //永久关闭（注释掉最后一条配置）
...
#/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
free -h | grep Swap //验证Swap关闭情况（显示0代表成功关闭）
Swap: 0B 0B 0B
2.5、将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf <2.6、Docker安装
yum makecache //更新yum软件包索引
yum install docker-ce //安装docker
2.7、安装kubeadm等工具
2.7.1、添加阿里云K8s的yum源
命令行中执行如下命令
cat >> /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes Repo
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
enabled=1
EOF
2.7.2、安装Kubeadm、Kubelet、Kubectl组件
yum list |grep kubeadm
yum -y install kubelet-1.22.2-0 kubeadm-1.22.2-0 kubectl-1.22.2-0 //指定版本号部署
systemctl start docker && systemctl enable docker //配置开机自启动
systemctl enable kubelet
3、初始化Kubernetes Master（仅在master上执行）
kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=1.22.2 \
--apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.1.18 \
--image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
--service-cidr=10.10.0.0/16 --pod-network-cidr=10.122.0.0/16
---------------------------------------------------------------------
[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.22.2
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
[preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster
[preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection
[preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using 'kubeadm config images pull'
[certs] Using certificateDir folder "/etc/kubernetes/pki"
...
...
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster
[bootstrap-token] Creating the "cluster-info" ConfigMap in the "kube-public" namespace
[kubelet-finalize] Updating "/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf" to point to a rotatable kubelet client certificate and key
[addons] Applied essential addon: CoreDNS
[addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy
Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully! //初始化成功
To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:
export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/
Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:
kubeadm join 192.168.1.18:6443 --token 5efda328.x6vl5efda328p9lqp6sj \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:707160ba4e495d402f11290cfef753ad149068fff74e50e411
出现上面successfully`信息之后，表示初始化已经完成
上面kubeadm join完整命令，因为后续node节点加入集群是需要用到，其中包含token
4、其他主机上执行加入集群的命令
kubeadm join 192.168.1.18:6443 --token 5efda328.x6vl5efda328p9lqp6sj \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:707160ba4e495d402f11290cfef753ad149068fff74e50e411
5、有可能出现的错误记录
5.1、初始化时出现 error: Get “http://localhost:10248/healthz”
在/etc/docker/daemon.json 中加入如下字段
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
5.2、在安装部署的时候，出现问题解决后，需要执行一次kubeadm reset -f来清除一下kebeadm的信息，否则会出现端口，yaml等资源存在的情况
5.3、Master节点上查看集群状态
安装完Flannel网络插件后才会变成Ready状态
apiVersion: policy/v1beta1
kind: PodSecurityPolicy
metadata:
name: psp.flannel.unprivileged
annotations:
seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: docker/default
seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: docker/default
apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: runtime/default
apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: runtime/default
spec:
privileged: false
volumes:
- configMap
- secret
- emptyDir
- hostPath
allowedHostPaths:
- pathPrefix: "/etc/cni/net.d"
- pathPrefix: "/etc/kube-flannel"
- pathPrefix: "/run/flannel"
readOnlyRootFilesystem: false
# Users and groups
runAsUser:
rule: RunAsAny
supplementalGroups:
rule: RunAsAny
fsGroup:
rule: RunAsAny
# Privilege Escalation
allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
defaultAllowPrivilegeEscalation: false
# Capabilities
allowedCapabilities: ['NET_ADMIN', 'NET_RAW']
defaultAddCapabilities: []
requiredDropCapabilities: []
# Host namespaces
hostPID: false
hostIPC: false
hostNetwork: true
hostPorts:
- min: 0
max: 65535
# SELinux
seLinux:
# SELinux is unused in CaaSP
rule: 'RunAsAny'
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups: ['extensions']
resources: ['podsecuritypolicies']
verbs: ['use']
resourceNames: ['psp.flannel.unprivileged']
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- pods
verbs:
- get
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes/status
verbs:
- patch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: flannel
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: flannel
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: flannel
namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
data:
cni-conf.json: |
{
"name": "cbr0",
"cniVersion": "0.3.1",
"plugins": [
{
"type": "flannel",
"delegate": {
"hairpinMode": true,
"isDefaultGateway": true
}
},
{
"type": "portmap",
"capabilities": {
"portMappings": true
}
}
]
}
net-conf.json: |
{
"Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
"Backend": {
"Type": "vxlan"
}
}
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-ds
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: flannel
template:
metadata:
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: kubernetes.io/os
operator: In
values:
- linux
hostNetwork: true
priorityClassName: system-node-critical
tolerations:
- operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
serviceAccountName: flannel
initContainers:
- name: install-cni
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.14.0
command:
- cp
args:
- -f
- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
volumeMounts:
- name: cni
mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.14.0
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
resources:
requests:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
limits:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
securityContext:
privileged: false
capabilities:
add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"]
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: run
mountPath: /run/flannel
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
volumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run/flannel
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
将上面文件复制成yaml文件 kube-flannel.yaml
执行 kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yaml
