linux-centOS7.9网络配置

一、虚拟机网卡映射

1 查看物理机网卡

2 配置virtualbox虚拟机网卡映射

->选中虚拟机->设置

->网络->网卡1->启用网络连接【勾选】->连接方式【桥接网卡】->名称【选择想要映射的物理机网络的名称】->确定

虚拟机->启动

二、虚拟机centOS7.9网络配置

1 获取超级管理员

$ su root
密码：输入密码
#

2 查看网卡

        其中lo是本地环回网卡，br0是网桥，enp0s3是上一步骤映射出去的网卡，所以我们配置enp0s3以便和外部进行网络通信。

# ip addr
lo
enp0s3
br0

# ifconfig
lo
enp0s3
br0

 

[root@MiWiFi-R4CM-srv ~]# ip addr
1: lo:  mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s3:  mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 08:00:27:02:d1:be brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.31.149/24 brd 192.168.31.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic enp0s3
       valid_lft 43075sec preferred_lft 43075sec
    inet6 fe80::a9af:22dd:f375:6dac/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: virbr0:  mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:f8:01:4c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0-nic:  mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:f8:01:4c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
[root@MiWiFi-R4CM-srv ~]# 
[root@MiWiFi-R4CM-srv ~]# 
[root@MiWiFi-R4CM-srv ~]# ifconfig
enp0s3: flags=4163  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.31.149  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.31.255
        inet6 fe80::a9af:22dd:f375:6dac  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20
        ether 08:00:27:02:d1:be  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 1148  bytes 76330 (74.5 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 142  bytes 20580 (20.0 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 562  bytes 48754 (47.6 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 562  bytes 48754 (47.6 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

virbr0: flags=4099  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.122.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.122.255
        ether 52:54:00:f8:01:4c  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@MiWiFi-R4CM-srv ~]# 

3 centOS7.9配置网卡

        centOS7.9网卡文件存放在“/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts”路径下，网卡文件的名字和ip addr看到的网卡名字相同，比如下方就是ifcfg-enp0s3

[root@MiWiFi-R4CM-srv ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[root@MiWiFi-R4CM-srv network-scripts]# pwd
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
[root@MiWiFi-R4CM-srv network-scripts]# ls
ifcfg-enp0s3  ifdown-bnep  ifdown-ippp  ifdown-post    ifdown-sit       ifdown-tunnel  ifup-bnep  ifup-ippp  ifup-plip   ifup-ppp     ifup-Team      ifup-wireless      network-functions-ipv6
ifcfg-lo      ifdown-eth   ifdown-ipv6  ifdown-ppp     ifdown-Team      ifup           ifup-eth   ifup-ipv6  ifup-plusb  ifup-routes  ifup-TeamPort  init.ipv6-global
ifdown        ifdown-ib    ifdown-isdn  ifdown-routes  ifdown-TeamPort  ifup-aliases   ifup-ib    ifup-isdn  ifup-post   ifup-sit     ifup-tunnel    network-functions
[root@MiWiFi-R4CM-srv network-scripts]# 

         配置网卡文件

[root@MiWiFi-R4CM-srv network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-enp0s3 
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=dhcp                                    //此网卡IPv4地址获取方式
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=enp0s3
UUID=3083c3f2-e316-40b5-aa4c-0381765312c3
DEVICE=enp0s3
ONBOOT=yes                                        //是否引导启用此网卡，yes是启用，no是禁用
[root@MiWiFi-R4CM-srv network-scripts]# 

        重启网络服务->查看网络DHCP获取IP地址成功->虚拟机访问外网成功

[root@MiWiFi-R4CM-srv network-scripts]# systemctl restart network
[root@MiWiFi-R4CM-srv network-scripts]# 
[root@MiWiFi-R4CM-srv network-scripts]# ifconfig enp0s3
enp0s3: flags=4163  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.31.149  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.31.255
        inet6 fe80::a9af:22dd:f375:6dac  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20
        ether 08:00:27:02:d1:be  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 3279  bytes 221323 (216.1 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 415  bytes 78092 (76.2 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@MiWiFi-R4CM-srv network-scripts]# ping www.qq.com
PING ins-r23tsuuf.ias.tencent-cloud.net (111.30.185.60) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 111.30.185.60 (111.30.185.60): icmp_seq=1 ttl=50 time=16.7 ms
64 bytes from 111.30.185.60 (111.30.185.60): icmp_seq=2 ttl=50 time=16.6 ms
64 bytes from 111.30.185.60 (111.30.185.60): icmp_seq=3 ttl=50 time=16.7 ms
64 bytes from 111.30.185.60 (111.30.185.60): icmp_seq=4 ttl=50 time=17.4 ms
64 bytes from 111.30.185.60 (111.30.185.60): icmp_seq=5 ttl=50 time=18.5 ms
64 bytes from 111.30.185.60 (111.30.185.60): icmp_seq=6 ttl=50 time=17.3 ms
^C
--- ins-r23tsuuf.ias.tencent-cloud.net ping statistics ---
6 packets transmitted, 6 received, 0% packet loss, time 9134ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 16.626/17.258/18.565/0.669 ms
[root@MiWiFi-R4CM-srv network-scripts]#