Python自动化运维_作业

（1）编程找出食谱中热量最低的食物名称，输出热量最低的食物名称、热量以及完成者的姓名和学号。

import xmltodict
xml_data = open("example.xml", "r").read()
data_dict = xmltodict.parse(xml_data)
calories_min = 999999
min_food_name = ""
for food in data_dict['breakfast_menu']['food']:
    food_name = food['name']
    food_calories = int(food['calories'])
    if food_calories<calories_min:
        min_food_name, calories_min = food_name, food_calories
print("热量最低的食物:\n   名字：{}\n   热量：{}".format(min_food_name, calories_min))
print("name id")

(2)编写FTP程序，设置用户名、密码、上传下载速率限制，家目录为姓名命名的目录。用户具有更改目录、删除文件或目录、创建目录、上传下载文件的权限。FTP日志分别输出到屏幕和以学号命名的.Log文件中，输出至屏幕的日志等级为INFO，输出文件的日志等级为WARNING。该目录下，仅当有文件或文件被修改时，记录一条日志事件，要求包括事件发生时间、事件发生位置、事件的严重程度、事件内容，并将该事件输出至以学号命名的.Log文件中。

import time
import datetime
import logging
from watchdog.observers import Observer
from watchdog.events import FileSystemEventHandler, LoggingEventHandler
from pyftpdlib.authorizers import DummyAuthorizer
from pyftpdlib.handlers import FTPHandler, ThrottledDTPHandler
from pyftpdlib.servers import FTPServer
from pyftpdlib.log import LogFormatter


class ScriptEventHandler(FileSystemEventHandler):
    def __init__(self):
        FileSystemEventHandler.__init__(self)

    # 文件移动
    def on_moved(self, event):
        now = datetime.datetime.now()
        if event.is_directory:
            print("directory moved from {src_path} to {dest_path}".format(src_path=event.src_path,
                                                                          dest_path=event.dest_path))
        else:
            print(
                "file moved from {src_path} to {dest_path}".format(src_path=event.src_path, dest_path=event.dest_path))
            logger.warning(f"from Neptune 时间为 {now} 文件 {event.src_path} 移动到 {event.dest_path}")

    # 文件新建
    def on_created(self, event):
        now = datetime.datetime.now()
        now = datetime.datetime.now()
        if event.is_directory:
            print("directory created:{file_path}".format(file_path=event.src_path))
        else:
            print("file created:{file_path}".format(file_path=event.src_path))
            logger.warning(f"from Neptune 时间为 {now} 文件 {event.src_path} 新增")

    # 文件删除
    def on_deleted(self, event):
        now = datetime.datetime.now()
        if event.is_directory:
            print("directory deleted:{file_path}".format(file_path=event.src_path))
        else:
            print("file deleted:{file_path}".format(file_path=event.src_path))
            logger.warning(f"from Neptune 时间为 {now} 文件 {event.src_path} 删除")

    # 文件修改
    def on_modified(self, event):
        now = datetime.datetime.now()
        if event.is_directory:
            print("directory modified:{file_path}".format(file_path=event.src_path))
        else:
            print("file modified:{file_path}".format(file_path=event.src_path))
            logger.warning(f"from Neptune 时间为 {now} 文件 {event.src_path} 修改")


event_handler1 = ScriptEventHandler()
observer = Observer()
watch = observer.schedule(event_handler1,
                          path="D:\Python\learn\网络运维技术\FTP SMTP\name",
                          recursive=True)

# logging.basicConfig(level=logging.WARNING,
#                     format='%(asctime)s - %(message)s',
#                     datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
event_handler2 = LoggingEventHandler()
observer.add_handler_for_watch(event_handler2, watch)  # 为watch新添加一个event handler
observer.start()

logger = logging.getLogger()
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)  # Log等级总开关

# 第二步，创建一个handler，用于写入日志文件
logfile = 'id.log'
fh = logging.FileHandler(logfile, mode='a', encoding="utf-8")  # open的打开模式这里可以进行参考
fh.setLevel(logging.WARNING)  # 输出到file的log等级的开关

# 第三步，再创建一个handler，用于输出到控制台
ch = logging.StreamHandler()
ch.setLevel(logging.INFO)  # 输出到console的log等级的开关

# 第四步，定义handler的输出格式
fh.setFormatter(LogFormatter())
ch.setFormatter(LogFormatter())

# 第五步，将logger添加到handler里面
logger.addHandler(fh)
logger.addHandler(ch)

authorizer = DummyAuthorizer()
# 添加用户权限与路径，参数（用户名，密码，用户目录，权限（见说明））
authorizer.add_user('nameid', '123456', "./name", perm="elradfmw")

handler = FTPHandler
handler.authorizer = authorizer
# 添加被动端口范围
handler.passive_ports = range(2000, 2334)
# 下载上传速度设置
dtp_handler = ThrottledDTPHandler
dtp_handler.read_limit = 300 * 1024  # 300kb/s
dtp_handler.write_limit = 300 * 1024  # 300kb/s
handler.dtp_handler = dtp_handler
# 监听IP和端口，Linux中需要root用户才能使用21端口
server = FTPServer(('127.0.0.1', 21), handler)
# 最大连接数
server.max_cons = 150
server.max_cons_per_ip = 15

server.serve_forever()

try:
    while True:
        time.sleep(1)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
    observer.stop()
    observer.join()

(3)编写程序实现邮件发送，将.log文件的内容作为邮件正文，.log文件为附件。

import smtplib
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from urllib.parse import quote

# 创建邮件主体对象
email = MIMEMultipart()
# 设置发件人、收件人和主题
email['From'] = 'from_email'
email['To'] = 'to_email'
email['Subject'] = Header('SMTP测试', 'utf-8')

content = ""
file_text = open("*.log", "r", encoding='utf-8')

while True:
    contents = file_text.readline()
    content = content + "
" + contents + "
"
    if len(contents) == 0:  # 读取内容长度为0，读取结束
        break
file_text.close()
email.attach(MIMEText(content, 'html', 'utf-8'))
# 读取作为附件的文件

att1 = MIMEText(open('*.log', 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')
att1["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
# 这里的filename可以任意写，写什么名字，邮件中显示什么名字
att1["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="*.log"'
email.attach(att1)

# 创建SMTP_SSL对象（连接邮件服务器）
smtp_obj = smtplib.SMTP_SSL('smtp.fromemail.com', 465)
# 通过用户名和授权码进行登录
smtp_obj.login('fromemail', 'nitkersttphbheda')
# 发送邮件（发件人、收件人、邮件内容（字符串））
smtp_obj.sendmail(
    'from_email',
    'to_email',
    email.as_string()
)

(4)对于哲学家就餐问题，为了防止出现每位哲学家拿到一支筷子而出现死锁的情况，规定奇数号的哲学家必须首先拿左边的筷子，偶数号的哲学家则反之，请编写程序实现上述策略。

import threading
from time import sleep
import os

numPhilosophers = numChops = 0


class Philosopher(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, index):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.index = index
        self.leftChop = chops[self.index]
        self.rightChop = chops[((self.index + 1) % (numChops - 1))]

    def run(self):
        while True:
            if int(self.index) % 2 == 1:  # 奇数先拿左边的筷子
                firstChop = self.rightChop
                secondChop = self.leftChop
            else:
                firstChop = self.leftChop
                secondChop = self.rightChop

            firstChop.pickup()
            secondChop.pickup()

            self.dining()

            secondChop.putdown()
            firstChop.putdown()

            self.resting()

    def dining(self):
        print("Philosopher {} starts to eat.".format(self.index))
        sleep(0.5)
        print("Philosopher {} finishes eating and leaves to rest.".format(self.index))
        sleep(0.5)

    def resting(self):
        sleep(1)


class Chop():
    def __init__(self, index):
        self.index = index
        self._lock = threading.Lock()

    def pickup(self):
        self._lock.acquire()

    def putdown(self):
        self._lock.release()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    numPhilosophers = numChops = int(input()) + 1
    # 创建筷子与哲学家实例
    chops = [Chop(nnn) for nnn in range(numChops)]
    philosophers = [Philosopher(nnn) for nnn in range(1, numPhilosophers)]

    # 开启所有的哲学家线程
    for philosopher in philosophers:
        philosopher.start()

    # 方便 CTRL + C 退出程序
    try:
        while True:
            sleep(0.1)
    except Exception as e:
        raise e

(5)有n个接收消息的进程A1,A2,…An和一个发送消息的进程B，他们共享一个容量为1的缓冲区。发送进程B不断地通过缓冲区向进程A1,A2,…An发送消息。发送到缓冲区的每个消息，必须等所有的接收进程A1,A2,…An各取一次且仅限一次后，进程B才能继续发送消息。请编写程序实现这n+1个进程的同步。

import threading
from time import sleep
import os


class Rec_end(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, index):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.index = index
        self.buffer = buffer

    def run(self):
        while True:
            self.buffer.b_start()
            self.receive()
            self.buffer.b_end()
            # self.rest()

    def receive(self):
        print("receiving end {} starts to receive.".format(self.index))
        sleep(0.5)
        print("receiving end {} finishes receiving  and leaves to rest.".format(self.index))
        sleep(0.4)

    def rest(self):
        sleep(1)  # 自我阻塞1秒,让出机会执行下一个进程


class Buffer():
    def __init__(self, index):
        self.index = index
        self._lock = threading.Lock()

    def b_start(self):
        self._lock.acquire()

    def b_end(self):
        self._lock.release()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    numrec_ends = int(input()) + 1
    # 创建接收端进程
    buffer = Buffer(1)
    rec_ends = [Rec_end(nnn) for nnn in range(1, numrec_ends)]

    # 开启所有的接收端线程
    for rec_end in rec_ends:
        rec_end.start()

    # 方便 CTRL + C 退出程序
    try:
        while True:
            sleep(0.1)
    except Exception as e:
        raise e