OSPF和VLAN综合实验

目录

题目

1.IP地址的规划设计

2.搭建拓扑并进行基础IP配置

3.配置虚拟局域网

1)按子网划分要求配置PC1和PC2

检测:输入[SW1]display vlan进行检查

配置路由器R3

检测:用PC1去访问PC2

2)配置拓扑中其余路由器的网关以及回环

R1配置:

R2配置:

R3配置:

R4配置:

4.配置动态路由

1)依次配置

R1配置:

R2配置:

R3配置:

R4配置:

2)完成要求2

R1配置:

R2配置:

R3配置:

检测:display ospf peer

5.完成要求4

1)R4回环不能宣告

2)保障更新安全

在R3上区域认证

在R4上接口认证

3)避免环路

4)减少路由条目在R3上配置

题目

OSPF和VLAN综合实验_第1张图片

1.IP地址的规划设计

0区域: 192.168.1.0/25

1区域: 192.168.1.128/30

其中0区域按要求需要进行再次划分,如下

192.168.1.0        28

192.168.1.16      28

192.168.1.32      28

192.168.1.64      28

192.168.1.80      28

192.168.1.96      28

192.168.1.109    28       保留地址

192.168.1.125    28

我们取前五,其余作为保留地址

则区域0 IP地址划分为:

R123的0/0/0接口: 192.168.1.0/28

R1的环回: 192.168.1.16/28

R2的环回: 192.168.1.32/28

vlan2: 192.168.1.64/28

vlan3: 192.168.1.80/28

2.搭建拓扑并进行基础IP配置

OSPF和VLAN综合实验_第2张图片

3.配置虚拟局域网

1按子网划分要求配置PC1和PC2

同时配置提前规划好的网关192.168.1.65/28 192.168.1.81/28

在交换机中输入:

system-view

[Huawei]sys SW1

[SW1]vlan batch 2 3

[SW1]interface GigabitEthernet  0/0/2

[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type  access

[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 2

[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q

[SW1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/3

[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access

[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 3

[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]q

检测:输入[SW1]display vlan进行检查

[SW1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1

[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk

[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass  vlan 2 3

配置路由器R3

system-view

[Huawei]sysname  R3

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2.1

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]ip address 192.168.1.65 28

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]q

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2.2

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.2]ip address 192.168.1.81 28

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.2]dot1q termination vid 3

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.2]arp broadcast  enable

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.2]q

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2.1

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]dot1q termination vid 2

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]arp broadcast enable

检测:用PC1去访问PC2

2配置拓扑中其余路由器的网关以及回环

R1配置:

system-view

[Huawei]sysname  R1

[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 28

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

[R1]interface LoopBack 0

[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.17 28

R2配置:

system-view

[Huawei]sysname R2

[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0        

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.2 28

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

[R2]interface LoopBack 0

[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.29 28

R3配置:

system-view

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0        

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.3 28

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1        

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.129 30

R4配置:

system-view

[Huawei]sysname  R4

[R4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0        

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.130 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

[R4]interface LoopBack 0

[R4-LoopBack0]ip address 4.4.4.4 24

检测:依次输入display ip interface  brief 进行检测

4.配置动态路由

使用OSPF协议

1依次配置

R1配置:

[R1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1        

[R1-ospf-1]area 0

[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.16 0.0.0.15

[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.15

R2配置:

[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2

[R2-ospf-1]area 0

[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.32 0.0.0.15

[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.15

R3配置:

[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3

[R3-ospf-1]a        

[R3-ospf-1]area 0        

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.15

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.64 0.0.0.15

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q        

[R3-ospf-1]area 1

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.1.129 0.0.0.0

R4配置:

[R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4

[R4-ospf-1]area 1

[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network  192.168.1.130 0.0.0.0

2完成要求2

.R1~R3   R3DR设备,没有BDR

R1配置:

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

R2配置:

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

R3配置:

检测:display ospf peer

 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3

 Neighbors

 Area 0.0.0.0 interface 192.168.1.3(GigabitEthernet0/0/0)'s neighbors

 Router ID: 1.1.1.1          Address: 192.168.1.1    

   State: Full  Mode:Nbr is  Slave  Priority: 0

   DR: 192.168.1.3  BDR: None   MTU: 0   

   Dead timer due in 39  sec

   Retrans timer interval: 5

   Neighbor is up for 00:02:15    

   Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]

 Router ID: 2.2.2.2          Address: 192.168.1.2    

   State: Full  Mode:Nbr is  Slave  Priority: 0

   DR: 192.168.1.3  BDR: None   MTU: 0   

   Dead timer due in 32  sec

   Retrans timer interval: 5

   Neighbor is up for 00:01:32    

   Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]

 Neighbors

 Area 0.0.0.1 interface 192.168.1.129(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)'s neighbors

 Router ID: 4.4.4.4          Address: 192.168.1.130  

   State: Full  Mode:Nbr is  Master  Priority: 1

   DR: 192.168.1.130  BDR: 192.168.1.129  MTU: 0   

   Dead timer due in 29  sec

   Retrans timer interval: 5

   Neighbor is up for 00:13:43    

   Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]

5.完成要求4

R4回环不能宣告,全网可达,保障更新安全,避免环路,减少路由条目

1)R4回环不能宣告

在R4 上配置 [R4-ospf-1]default-route-advertise always

检测:在R1上输入display ip routing-table 进行检查

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Routing Tables: Public

         Destinations : 13       Routes : 13      

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        0.0.0.0/0   O_ASE   150  1           D   192.168.1.3     GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

……………

2)保障更新安全

认证

R3上区域认证

[R3-ospf-1]area 0

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 plain 123456

[R3-ospf-1]area 1

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 plain 123456

R4上接口认证

[R4]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 plain 123456

检测:在R1上输入display ip routing-table 进行检查

3)避免环路

配置空接

[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0  0 NULL 0

4)减少路由条目
R3上配置

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]abr-summary 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.224

检测:在R4上输入display ip routing-table protocol ospf  检查。

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Public routing table : OSPF

         Destinations : 2        Routes : 2       

OSPF routing table status :

         Destinations : 2        Routes : 2

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

    192.168.1.0/27  OSPF    10   2           D   192.168.1.129   GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

   192.168.1.64/28  OSPF    10   2           D   192.168.1.129   GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

OSPF routing table status :

         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

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