python3 树莓派 + usb摄像头 做颜色识别 二维码识别

文件名：colorList.py 这是颜色库。

# -*- coding:UTF-8 -*-
import numpy as np
import collections


def getColorList():
    dict = collections.defaultdict(list)

    # black
    lower_black = np.array([0, 0, 0])
    upper_black = np.array([180, 255, 46])
    color_list_black = []
    color_list_black.append(lower_black)
    color_list_black.append(upper_black)
    dict['black'] = color_list_black

    # gray
    lower_gray = np.array([0, 0, 46])
    upper_gray = np.array([180, 43, 220])
    color_list_gray= []
    color_list_gray.append(lower_gray)
    color_list_gray.append(upper_gray)
    dict['gray'] = color_list_gray

    # white
    lower_white = np.array([0, 0, 221])
    upper_white = np.array([180, 30, 255])
    color_list_white = []
    color_list_white.append(lower_white)
    color_list_white.append(upper_white)
    dict['white'] = color_list_white

    # red
    lower_red = np.array([156, 43, 46])
    upper_red = np.array([180, 255, 255])
    color_list_red = []
    color_list_red.append(lower_red)
    color_list_red.append(upper_red)
    dict['red'] = color_list_red

    # red2

    lower_red = np.array([0, 43, 46])
    upper_red = np.array([10, 255, 255])
    color_list_red2 = []
    color_list_red2.append(lower_red)
    color_list_red2.append(upper_red)
    dict['red2'] = color_list_red2

    # orange
    lower_orange = np.array([11, 43, 46])
    upper_orange = np.array([25, 255, 255])
    color_list_orange = []
    color_list_orange.append(lower_orange)
    color_list_orange.append(upper_orange)
    dict['orange'] = color_list_orange

    # yellow
    lower_yellow = np.array([26, 43, 46])
    upper_yellow = np.array([34, 255, 255])
    color_list_yellow = []
    color_list_yellow.append(lower_yellow)
    color_list_yellow.append(upper_yellow)
    dict['yellow'] = color_list_yellow

    # green
    lower_green = np.array([35, 43, 46])
    upper_green = np.array([77, 255, 255])
    color_list_green = []
    color_list_green.append(lower_green)
    color_list_green.append(upper_green)
    dict['green'] = color_list_green

    # cyan
    lower_cyan = np.array([78, 43, 46])
    upper_cyan = np.array([99, 255, 255])
    color_list_cyan = []
    color_list_cyan.append(lower_cyan)
    color_list_cyan.append(upper_cyan)
    dict['cyan'] = color_list_cyan

    # blue
    lower_blue = np.array([100, 43, 46])
    upper_blue = np.array([124, 255, 255])
    color_list_blue = []
    color_list_blue.append(lower_blue)
    color_list_blue.append(upper_blue)
    dict['blue'] = color_list_blue

    # purple
    lower_purple = np.array([125, 43, 46])
    upper_purple = np.array([155, 255, 255])
    color_list_purple = []
    color_list_purple.append(lower_purple)
    color_list_purple.append(upper_purple)
    dict['purple'] = color_list_purple

    return dict


if __name__ == '__main__':
    color_dict = getColorList()
    print(color_dict)

    num = len(color_dict)
    print('num=', num)

    for d in color_dict:
        print('key=', d)
        print('value=', color_dict[d][1])

然后是 xf_color.py 这就能识别颜色了 （这是识别已有图片文件版的） 原理就是用上面的色库 算出图片颜色面积 哪个最大 就算是啥颜色

# -*- coding:UTF-8 -*-
import cv2
import colorList


def get_color(frame):
    print('go in get_color')
    hsv = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
    maxsum = 0
    color = None
    color_dict = colorList.getColorList()
    for d in color_dict:
        mask = cv2.inRange(hsv, color_dict[d][0], color_dict[d][1])
        # cv2.imwrite(d + ".png", mask)
        binary = cv2.threshold(mask, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)[1]
        binary = cv2.dilate(binary, None, iterations=2)
        # cv2.imwrite(d +"1.png", binary)
        cnts = cv2.findContours(binary, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)[-2]
        sum = 0
        for c in cnts:
            sum += cv2.contourArea(c)
        # print("%s  , %d" %(d, sum ))
        if sum > maxsum:
            maxsum = sum
            color = d
    return color


if __name__ == '__main__':
    filename = "./images/test_yellow.png"
    frame = cv2.imread(filename)
    print(get_color(frame))

文件名：xf_realize.py 这是用摄像头来识别颜色。加了个拍照功能 ，只返回红绿蓝三种颜色

# -*- coding:UTF-8 -*-
import cv2            
import xf_color


def videox():
    vix = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
    while True:
        ret, tu = vix.read()
        cv2.imshow("take_photo", tu)
        cv2.waitKey(1)
        cv2.imwrite("color.png", tu)
        filename = cv2.imread("color.png")
        color = xf_color.get_color(filename)

        if color == "red" or color == "red2":
            print("red")
            result = "1"
            break
        elif color == "green":
            print("green")
            result = "2"
            break
        elif color == "blue":
            print("blue")
            result = "3"
            break
    vix.release()
    cv2.destroyAllWindows()
    return result


if __name__ == '__main__':
    videox()

接下来是识别二维码的（有二维码图片文件） 文件名： xf_scance.py

# -*- coding:UTF-8 -*-
import pyzbar.pyzbar as pyzbar
from PIL import Image, ImageEnhance


def scance():

    image = "photo.png"

    img = Image.open(image)

    # img = ImageEnhance.Brightness(img).enhance(2.0)  # 增加亮度
    #
    # img = ImageEnhance.Sharpness(img).enhance(17.0)  # 锐利化
    #
    img = ImageEnhance.Contrast(img).enhance(4.0)  # 增加对比度
    #
    img = img.convert('L')  # 灰度化

    barcodes = pyzbar.decode(img)

    for barcode in barcodes:
        barcodeData = barcode.data.decode("utf-8")
        return barcodeData


if __name__ == '__main__':
    scance()

摄像头扫二维码的

# -*- coding:UTF-8 -*-
import cv2
import xf_scance


def videox():
    vix = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
    while True:
        ret, tu = vix.read()
        cv2.imshow("take_photo", tu)
        cv2.waitKey(1)
        cv2.imwrite("photo.png", tu)
        result = xf_scance.scance()
        if result:
            # print(result)
            break
    vix.release()
    cv2.destroyAllWindows()
    return result


if __name__ == '__main__':
    r = videox()
    print(r)

注：需要将以上的脚本文件放在同一个文件夹里

本篇文章转自
https://www.cnblogs.com/xf1262048067/p/10640050.html
如有冒犯，请原著联系，即刻删除。
（想着以后查看会方便些，所以把它放到了自己的博客上。）