Stream是Java 8的新特性,基于lambda表达式,是对集合对象功能的增强,它专注于对集合对象进行各种高效、方便聚合操作或者大批量的数据操作,提高了编程效率和代码可读性。Collectors通常在Stream处理后,返回转换成集合类时使用,本文主要介绍Java Stream中Collectors.toList()、Collectors.toSet()、Collectors.toCollection()和Collectors.toMap()的使用,以及相关的示例代码。
1、Collectors.toList()的使用
Collectors.toList()
是将Stream转换成List,List为ArrayList
,需要转换成其它,则需要使用Collectors.toCollection()
,例如,
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
public class Main {
public static class Person {
int age;
Person (int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Person> pList = Arrays.asList(new Person(11),new Person(22), new Person(33), new Person(44), new Person(55));
List<Person> result = pList.stream()
.map(o -> {
o.setAge(18);
return o;
}).collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println("stream() result :"+result.getClass());
System.exit(0); //success
}
}
2、Collectors.toSet()的使用
Collectors.toSet()
是将Stream转换成Set,Set为HashSet
,需要转换成其它,则也需要使用Collectors.toCollection()
,例如,
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
public class Main {
public static class Person {
int age;
Person (int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Person> pList = Arrays.asList(new Person(11),new Person(22), new Person(33), new Person(44), new Person(55));
Set<Person> setResult = pList.stream()
.map(o -> {
o.setAge(18);
return o;
}).collect(Collectors.toSet());
System.out.println("stream() result :"+setResult.getClass());
System.exit(0); //success
}
}
3、Collectors.toCollection()的使用
toList()
和toSet()
使用时,需要转换成指定的集合类型,则可以使用Collectors.toCollection()
,如下,
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
public class Main {
public static class Person {
int age;
String name;
Person (int age,String name) {
this.age = age;
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Person> pList = Arrays.asList(new Person(11,"mike"),new Person(22,"lynn"), new Person(33,"john"), new Person(44,"mickey"), new Person(55,"fiona"));
List<Person> listResult = pList.stream().collect(Collectors.toCollection(LinkedList::new));
System.out.println("stream() result :"+listResult.getClass());
System.exit(0); //success
}
}
4、Collectors.toMap()的使用
Collectors.toMap()
是将Stream转换成Map,Map为HashMap
,需要转换成其它,则也需要使用Collectors.toCollection()
,
例如,
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
public class Main {
public static class Person {
int age;
String name;
Person (int age,String name) {
this.age = age;
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Person> pList = Arrays.asList(new Person(11,"mike"),new Person(22,"lynn"), new Person(33,"john"), new Person(44,"mickey"), new Person(55,"fiona"), new Person(31,"fiona"));
//(oldValue, newValue) -> newValue是重复key时,使用的值,可以指定
Map<String, Integer> map = pList.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(Person::getName, Person::getAge,(oldValue, newValue) -> newValue));
System.out.println("stream() result :"+map);
System.out.println("stream() result :"+map.getClass());
//指定转换成集合类型LinkedHashMap
Map<String, Integer> map1 = pList.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(Person::getName, Person::getAge,(oldValue, newValue) -> newValue,LinkedHashMap::new));
System.out.println("stream() result :"+map1);
System.out.println("stream() result :"+map1.getClass());
System.exit(0); //success
}
}
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