通过SpringBoot源码学习自动配置原理基础、IOC容器配置修改

目录

  • 1. 引导加载自动配置类
    • 1.1 @SpringBootConfiguration
    • 1.2 @ComponentScan
    • 1.3 @EnableAutoConfiguration
      • 1.3.1 @AutoConfigurationPackage
      • 1.3.2 @Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})
  • 2. 按需添加组件到IOC容器
  • 3. 修改添加到IOC容器的配置

1. 引导加载自动配置类

我们都知道@SpringBootApplication注解修饰的类,是我们程序的入口。我们看@SpringBootApplication注解。如下所示:

......省略部分......
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(
    excludeFilters = {@Filter(
    type = FilterType.CUSTOM,
    classes = {TypeExcludeFilter.class}
), @Filter(
    type = FilterType.CUSTOM,
    classes = {AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class}
)}
)
public @interface SpringBootApplication {
......省略部分......
}

可以看到@SpringBootConfiguration、@EnableAutoConfiguration、@ComponentScan这三个注解是我们关心的

这里用@ComponentScan,在AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter中,对重复的配置类和自动配置类进行了排查,不重复添加到IOC容器

1.1 @SpringBootConfiguration

这个注解只是说明,是一个配置类,如下所示:

......省略部分......
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Configuration
@Indexed
public @interface SpringBootConfiguration {
    @AliasFor(
        annotation = Configuration.class
    )
    boolean proxyBeanMethods() default true;
}

1.2 @ComponentScan

这个注解说明要扫描哪些路径。如下所示:

......省略部分......
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Documented
@Repeatable(ComponentScans.class)
public @interface ComponentScan {
......省略部分......
}

1.3 @EnableAutoConfiguration

这个只需关心@AutoConfigurationPackage、@Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})这两个注解。如下所示:

......省略部分......
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@AutoConfigurationPackage    // 再加载这个
@Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})    // 先加载这个
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {
    String ENABLED_OVERRIDE_PROPERTY = "spring.boot.enableautoconfiguration";

    Class[] exclude() default {};

    String[] excludeName() default {};
}

1.3.1 @AutoConfigurationPackage

可以看到组件的导入是由AutoConfigurationPackages.Registrar.class完成,如下所示:

......省略部分......
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@Import({AutoConfigurationPackages.Registrar.class})
public @interface AutoConfigurationPackage {
    String[] basePackages() default {};

    Class[] basePackageClasses() default {};
}

如下所示。通过DEBUG,可以得到metadata中包含我们的程序入口全类名com.hh.springbootTest.MyApplication。所有这里做的主要是批量添加MyApplication所在包下的所有组件

......省略部分......
    static class Registrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar, DeterminableImports {
        Registrar() {
        }

        public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata metadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
            AutoConfigurationPackages.register(registry, (String[])(new PackageImports(metadata)).getPackageNames().toArray(new String[0]));
        }

        public Set determineImports(AnnotationMetadata metadata) {
            return Collections.singleton(new PackageImports(metadata));
        }
    }
......省略部分......
 
  

1.3.2 @Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})

AutoConfigurationImportSelector类,主要是通过调用this.getAutoConfigurationEntry(annotationMetadata)加载组件。如下所示:

......省略部分......
public class AutoConfigurationImportSelector implements DeferredImportSelector, BeanClassLoaderAware, ResourceLoaderAware, BeanFactoryAware, EnvironmentAware, Ordered {
......省略部分......
    public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
        if (!this.isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
            return NO_IMPORTS;
        } else {
            AutoConfigurationEntry autoConfigurationEntry = this.getAutoConfigurationEntry(annotationMetadata);
            return StringUtils.toStringArray(autoConfigurationEntry.getConfigurations());
        }
    }
......省略部分......

getAutoConfigurationEntry方法中,通过调用this.getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes)获取到所有需要加载的配置类。然后将重复的和需要排查的进行移除。如下所示:

......省略部分......
    protected AutoConfigurationEntry getAutoConfigurationEntry(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
        if (!this.isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
            return EMPTY_ENTRY;
        } else {
            AnnotationAttributes attributes = this.getAttributes(annotationMetadata);
            List configurations = this.getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);
            configurations = this.removeDuplicates(configurations);
            Set exclusions = this.getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);
            this.checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);
            configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
            configurations = this.getConfigurationClassFilter().filter(configurations);
            this.fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);
            return new AutoConfigurationEntry(configurations, exclusions);
        }
    }
......省略部分......

getCandidateConfigurations方法,通过ImportCandidates.load(…省略部分…)从所有依赖包的jar包中的META-INF/spring.factories中,加载需要的组件

......省略部分......
    protected List getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
        List configurations = new ArrayList(SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(this.getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), this.getBeanClassLoader()));
        ImportCandidates.load(AutoConfiguration.class, this.getBeanClassLoader()).forEach(configurations::add);
        Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories nor in META-INF/spring/org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfiguration.imports. If you are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
        return configurations;
    }
......省略部分......

这里DEBUG得到的有144个组件。如下所示:

通过SpringBoot源码学习自动配置原理基础、IOC容器配置修改_第1张图片

2. 按需添加组件到IOC容器

虽然我们前面加载了很多组件,但是很多其实是没有必要添加到IOC容器的

在spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.7.5.jar中,有针对很多情况的按需加载,如aop、cache、web等。我们这里以web为例进行讲解。如下所示:

通过SpringBoot源码学习自动配置原理基础、IOC容器配置修改_第2张图片

在自动配置类上面,或自动配置类的方法上面,都有很多@Conditional注解,这个就是根据不同的条件,将需要的组件添加到IOC容器中

3. 修改添加到IOC容器的配置

这里有两种方式:

方式一:对于@ConditionalOnMissingxxxxxx等方式,IOC容器没有的,才进行springboot默认的加载。所以我们可以在我们自己的程序中,向IOC容器添加对应的组件,这样就不会进行springboot默认的加载了。如spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.7.5.jar\org\springframework\boot\autoconfigure\web\servlet\HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration.class所示:

......省略部分......
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    public CharacterEncodingFilter characterEncodingFilter() {
        CharacterEncodingFilter filter = new OrderedCharacterEncodingFilter();
        filter.setEncoding(this.properties.getCharset().name());
        filter.setForceRequestEncoding(this.properties.shouldForce(org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.server.Encoding.Type.REQUEST));
        filter.setForceResponseEncoding(this.properties.shouldForce(org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.server.Encoding.Type.RESPONSE));
        return filter;
    }
......省略部分......

方式二:修改application.properties配置文件。因为@ConfigurationProperties + @EnableConfigurationProperties可以将application.properties中以指定前缀的配置绑定到配置类上,然后再将配置类添加到IOC容器。这样springboot就可以使用IOC容器的配置类组件。也就能达到修改IOC容器的行为。如spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.7.5.jar\org\springframework\boot\autoconfigure\web\servlet\DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.class所示:

......省略部分......
    @Configuration(
        proxyBeanMethods = false
    )
    @Conditional({DefaultDispatcherServletCondition.class})
    @ConditionalOnClass({ServletRegistration.class})
    @EnableConfigurationProperties({WebMvcProperties.class})
    protected static class DispatcherServletConfiguration {
    ......省略部分......
    }
}

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