什么是CSRF攻击，以及如何防御
什么是CSRF攻击，以及如何防御
- 1.CSRF攻击的概念
- 2.CSRF攻击简单案例
-
- 2.1 银行网站项目
- 2.2 危险网站的项目
- 2.3 测试
- 3.默认的CSRF防御策略
- 4前后端分离的CSRF防御策略
1.CSRF攻击的概念
1.CSRF全称为Cross Site Request Forgery，跨域请求伪造。这是一种很常见的Web攻击方式，如下为一个简单的攻击流程。
1）假设用户打开了一个银行网站，并且登录了
2）登录成功后，会返回一个cookie给前端，浏览器将cookie保存下来
3）用户在没有登出银行网站的情况下，在当前浏览器又新打开多了一个选项卡，访问了一个危险的网站
4）这个网站有个危险的超链接，这个超链接指向了银行网站
5）用户点击这个超链接，由于这个超链接会自动携带上cookie,所以用户不知不觉在点击这个超链接的时候，还要一些请求是发到了银行网站那里去。
2.CSRF攻击简单案例
2.1 银行网站项目
1.pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.6.6</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.yl</groupId>
<artifactId>csrf-1</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>csrf-1</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>11</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2.application.properties
spring.security.user.name=admin
spring.security.user.password=123
3.security的配置
package com.yl.csrf1.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.authorizeRequests()
.anyRequest()
.authenticated()
.and()
.formLogin()
.permitAll()
.and()
.csrf().disable();
}
}
4.controller,假设这个接口就是真实涉及到转账的
package com.yl.csrf1.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@PostMapping("/transfer")
public void transfer(String username,Double money) {
System.out.println("username=" + username);
System.out.println("money=" + money);
}
}
2.2 危险网站的项目
1.pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.6.6</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.yl</groupId>
<artifactId>csrf2</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>csrf2</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>11</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2.application.properties
server.port=8081
3.static下的静态资源
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" action="http://localhost:8080/transfer">
<input type="hidden" name="username" value="张三">
<input type="hidden" name="money" value="1000">
<input type="submit" value="点击查看美女图片">
</form>
</body>
</html>
2.3 测试
1.登录银行网站
2.访问危险网站，并且点击超链接
可以看到在危险网站上点击某些超链接，其可以访问到银行网站的转账接口
3.默认的CSRF防御策略
1.pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.6.6</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.yl</groupId>
<artifactId>csrf3</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>csrf3</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>11</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity5</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2.application.properties
spring.security.user.name=root
spring.security.user.password=123
3.controller
package com.yl.csrf3.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@PostMapping("/hello")
@ResponseBody
public String hello() {
return "hello";
}
@GetMapping("/01")
public String hello2() {
return "01";
}
}
4.template目录下的静态资源
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" action="/hello">
<input type="hidden" th:name="${_csrf.parameterName}" th:value="${_csrf.token}">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>
5.访问01接口，然后登录
6.然后提交，获取内容
7.然后我们观察hello请求，发现，其实在发请求的时候，不仅仅是把cookie传到后台，还把一个随机参数传到了后台，后台还要校验这个随机参数，这种方式可以解决CSRF攻击
4前后端分离的CSRF防御策略
1.pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.6.6</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.yl</groupId>
<artifactId>csrf3</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>csrf3</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>11</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity5</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2.application.properties
spring.security.user.name=root
spring.security.user.password=123
3.security的配置
package com.yl.csrf3.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.WebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationSuccessHandler;
import org.springframework.security.web.csrf.CookieCsrfTokenRepository;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Override
public void configure(WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
web.ignoring().antMatchers("/js/**");
}
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.authorizeRequests()
.anyRequest()
.authenticated()
.and()
.formLogin()
.loginPage("/01.html")
.loginProcessingUrl("/login")
.successHandler(new AuthenticationSuccessHandler() {
@Override
public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
response.getWriter().write("login success");
}
})
.permitAll()
.and()
.csrf()
.csrfTokenRepository(CookieCsrfTokenRepository.withHttpOnlyFalse());
}
}
4.static下的静态资源，01.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<script src="js/jquery-1.8.3.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/jquery.cookie.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<input type="text" id="username"/>
<input type="text" id="password"/>
<input type="submit" value="登录" id="loginBtn">
</div>
<script>
$('#loginBtn').click(function () {
$.post('/login',{username:$('#username').val(),password:$('#password').val(),_csrf:$.cookie('XSRF-TOKEN')},function (data) {
alert(data)
})
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
5.还要在satic目录下加入jquery.js和jquery-cookie.js
6.访问登录页面，登录root账号
7.再去看登录接口，发现其实它也传了一个随机参数
