【Golang 接口自动化01】使用标准库net/http发送Get请求

目录

发送Get请求

响应信息

拓展

 资料获取方法


发送Get请求

使用Golang发送get请求很容易,我们还是使用http://httpbin.org作为服务端来进行演示。

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"net/url"
	"reflect"
)

func main() {
	resp, err := http.Get("http://httpbin.org/get?name=Detector")

	if err != nil {
		log.Println(err)
		return
	}

	defer resp.Body.Close()

	headers := resp.Header
	// headers 打印报文头部信息
	for k, v := range headers {
		fmt.Printf("%v, %v\n", k, v) // %v 打印interfac{}的值
	}

	// 打印响应信息内容
	fmt.Printf("响应状态:%s,响应码: %d\n", resp.Status, resp.StatusCode)
	fmt.Printf("协议:%s\n", resp.Proto)
	fmt.Printf("响应内容长度: %d\n", resp.ContentLength)
	fmt.Printf("编码格式:%v\n", resp.TransferEncoding) // 未指定时为空
	fmt.Printf("是否压缩:%t\n", resp.Uncompressed)
	fmt.Println(reflect.TypeOf(resp.Body)) // *http.gzipReader
	fmt.Println(resp.Close)

	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, 512))
	length, _ := buf.ReadFrom(resp.Body)
	fmt.Println(len(buf.Bytes()))
	fmt.Println(length)
	fmt.Println(string(buf.Bytes()))
}

响应信息

λ go run goHttp.go
Access-Control-Allow-Credentials, [true]
Via, [1.1 vegur]
Connection, [keep-alive]
Server, [gunicorn/19.9.0]
Date, [Tue, 18 Sep 2018 02:25:16 GMT]
Content-Type, [application/json]
Content-Length, [271]
Access-Control-Allow-Origin, [*]
"响应状态":200 OK,响应码: 200
"协议":HTTP/1.1
"响应内容长度": 271
"编码格式":[]
"是否压缩":false
*http.bodyEOFSignal
false
271
271
{
  "args": {
    "name": "Detector"
  },
  "headers": {
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip",
    "Connection": "close",
    "Host": "httpbin.org",
    "User-Agent": "Go-http-client/1.1"
  },
  "origin": "14.152.49.250",
  "url": "http://httpbin.org/get?name=Detector"
}

更多的响应内容我们查看安装路径的net包中Response struct 的信息,里面有详细的注释,参考路径:C:\Go\src\net\http\response.go:

【Golang 接口自动化01】使用标准库net/http发送Get请求_第1张图片

拓展

用过Python的同学都知道,Python的requests发送get请求时是可以直接传递字典的(dict/map)的,比如:

#! /usr/bin/python
import requests

a = {"name": "bingo", "age": "18", "location": "shenzhen"}

name = {"name": "Detector"}
resp = requests.get("http://httpbin.org/get", params=a)
print(resp.text)

响应信息:

{
  "args": {
    "age": "18", 
    "location": "shenzhen", 
    "name": "bingo"
  }, 
  "headers": {
    "Accept": "*/*", 
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate", 
    "Connection": "close", 
    "Host": "httpbin.org", 
    "User-Agent": "python-requests/2.18.4"
  }, 
  "origin": "14.152.49.250", 
  "url": "http://httpbin.org/get?name=bingo&age=18&location=shenzhen"
}

那么在golang中有没有想过的方法呢,答案是有的,但是只有一个半成品。

C:\Go\src\net\url\url.go中我们可以看到一个结构体type Values map[string][]string,他有一个Encode()方法可以把key:value键值对转化为key=value&key=value的形式:

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"net/url"
)

func main() {
	name := url.Values{"name": {"bingo"}, "age": {"18"}, "local": {"shenzhen"}}
	param := name.Encode()
	url := fmt.Sprintf("http://httpbin.org/get?%s", param)
	fmt.Println(url)

	resp, err := http.Get(url)

	if err != nil {
		log.Println(err)
		return
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()
	body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	fmt.Println(string(body))
}

输出:

http://httpbin.org/get?age=18&local=shenzhen&name=bingo
{
  "args": {
    "age": "18", 
    "local": "shenzhen", 
    "name": "bingo"
  }, 
  "headers": {
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip", 
    "Connection": "close", 
    "Host": "httpbin.org", 
    "User-Agent": "Go-http-client/1.1"
  }, 
  "origin": "103.84.19.17", 
  "url": "http://httpbin.org/get?age=18&local=shenzhen&name=bingo"
}

考虑到篇幅,我们把发送Get、Post单独出来。我们在下一篇一起学习怎么发送Post请求。


 资料获取方法

【留言777】

各位想获取源码等教程资料的朋友请点赞 + 评论 + 收藏,三连!

三连之后我会在评论区挨个私信发给你们~

你可能感兴趣的:(接口测试,接口自动化,自动化测试,golang,自动化,http,程序人生,软件测试,软件测试工程师,自动化测试)