Java新建Maven项目学习Spring注解开发显示：Unsupported class file major version 60

发生缘由

• 学习Spring中注解开发

环境

• jdk版本：jdk-16.0.2
• Idea版本：2021.2
• 电脑系统：win10

问题描述

1. 新建一个Maven项目，pom.xml文件中添加Spring依赖

       <dependencies>
           <dependency>
               <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
               <artifactId>spring-contextartifactId>
               <version>5.2.10.RELEASEversion>
           dependency>
       dependencies>
   

2. 创建BookDao接口和BookDaoImpl类

   package com.linxuan.dao;
   
   public interface BookDao {
       public void save();
       public void update();
   }
   

   package com.linxuan.dao.impl;
   
   import com.linxuan.dao.BookDao;
   import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
   
   // 相当于Component注解，不过是dao层的Component注解。
   // 创建一个Been对象，让Spring管理，默认名字是当前类名首字母小写
   @Repository
   public class BookDaoImpl implements BookDao {
   
       @Override
       public void save() {
           System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis());
           System.out.println("book dao save ...");
       }
   
       @Override
       public void update() {
           System.out.println("book dao update ...");
       }
   }
   

3. 创建Spring的配置类

   package com.linxuan.config;
   
   import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
   import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
   
   @Configuration
   @ComponentScan("com.linxuan")
   public class SpringConfig {
   }
   

4. 编写运行类以及主方法

   package com.linxuan;
   
   import com.linxuan.config.SpringConfig;
   import com.linxuan.dao.BookDao;
   import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
   import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
   
   public class App {
       public static void main(String[] args) {
           ApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
   
           BookDao bookDao = ctx.getBean(BookDao.class);
           bookDao.update();
       }
   }
   

5. 运行主方法。结果发现报错，报错信息如下：

   Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Failed to read candidate component class: file [D:\Java\IdeaProjects\ssm\spring02\spring01_aop\target\classes\com\linxuan\App.class]; nested exception is org.springframework.core.NestedIOException: ASM ClassReader failed to parse class file - probably due to a new Java class file version that isn't supported yet: file [D:\Java\IdeaProjects\ssm\spring02\spring01_aop\target\classes\com\linxuan\App.class]; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Unsupported class file major version 60
   	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.scanCandidateComponents(ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.java:452)
   	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.findCandidateComponents(ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.java:315)
   	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.doScan(ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.java:276)
   	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScanAnnotationParser.parse(ComponentScanAnnotationParser.java:132)
   	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.doProcessConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClassParser.java:296)
   	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.processConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClassParser.java:250)
   	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.parse(ConfigurationClassParser.java:207)
   	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.parse(ConfigurationClassParser.java:175)
   	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.processConfigBeanDefinitions(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:319)
   	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:236)
   	at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:280)
   	at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:96)
   	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:707)
   	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:533)
   	at org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext.(AnnotationConfigApplicationContext.java:89)
   	at com.linxuan.App.main(App.java:10)
   Caused by: org.springframework.core.NestedIOException: ASM ClassReader failed to parse class file - probably due to a new Java class file version that isn't supported yet: file [D:\Java\IdeaProjects\ssm\spring02\spring01_aop\target\classes\com\linxuan\App.class]; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Unsupported class file major version 60
   	at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.SimpleMetadataReader.getClassReader(SimpleMetadataReader.java:60)
   	at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.SimpleMetadataReader.<init>(SimpleMetadataReader.java:49)
   	at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.SimpleMetadataReaderFactory.getMetadataReader(SimpleMetadataReaderFactory.java:103)
   	at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.CachingMetadataReaderFactory.getMetadataReader(CachingMetadataReaderFactory.java:123)
   	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.scanCandidateComponents(ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.java:429)
   	... 15 more
   Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Unsupported class file major version 60
   	at org.springframework.asm.ClassReader.<init>(ClassReader.java:196)
   	at org.springframework.asm.ClassReader.<init>(ClassReader.java:177)
   	at org.springframework.asm.ClassReader.<init>(ClassReader.java:163)
   	at org.springframework.asm.ClassReader.<init>(ClassReader.java:284)
   	at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.SimpleMetadataReader.getClassReader(SimpleMetadataReader.java:57)
   	... 19 more
   

解决方案

1. 点击IDEA左上角的File，然后再点击Settings
2. 依次点击Build, Execution, Deployment > Compiler > Java Compiler。
   
3. 将右方出现的Moudle模块里面的项目和模块的版本切换值8即可
   
   
4. 点击Apply，然后再点击OK。
   
5. 点击主方法运行，发现没得问题！