xxl-job分布式调度入门

1.什么是分布式调度
分布式调度==》分布式 + 调度中心 + 执行器，调度中心根据对应任务执行条件去分布式的执行任务。
2.什么时候需要使用分布式调度
当在单机的情况下，我们的任务执行服务，无法满足任务处理的时候，我们就需将执行服务进行集群，这个时候我们就需要使用分布式调度协调 各个服务从而是任务有条不紊的执行。
3.分布式调度框架有哪些？
常见的分布式调度框架有：cronsun、Elastic-job、saturn、its、TBSchedule、xxl-job等
这里我整合了xxl-job,xx-job比较轻量级而且简单易学
4.整合xxl-job
下载xxl-job源码：https://github.com/xuxueli/xxl-job/
解压后使用idea打开项目，
a.执行sql : \xxl-job-master\doc\db\tables_xxl_job.sql

b.修改配置： \xxl-job-master\xxl-job-admin\src\main\resources\application.properties

####web port
server.port=8080
server.servlet.context-path=/xxl-job-admin

### actuator
management.server.servlet.context-path=/actuator
management.health.mail.enabled=false

### resources
spring.mvc.servlet.load-on-startup=0
spring.mvc.static-path-pattern=/static/**
spring.resources.static-locations=classpath:/static/

### freemarker
spring.freemarker.templateLoaderPath=classpath:/templates/
spring.freemarker.suffix=.ftl
spring.freemarker.charset=UTF-8
spring.freemarker.request-context-attribute=request
spring.freemarker.settings.number_format=0.##########

### mybatis
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:/mybatis-mapper/*Mapper.xml
#mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.xxl.job.admin.core.model

### xxl-job, datasource
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/xxl_job?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

### datasource-pool
spring.datasource.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
spring.datasource.hikari.minimum-idle=10
spring.datasource.hikari.maximum-pool-size=30
spring.datasource.hikari.auto-commit=true
spring.datasource.hikari.idle-timeout=30000
spring.datasource.hikari.pool-name=HikariCP
spring.datasource.hikari.max-lifetime=900000
spring.datasource.hikari.connection-timeout=10000
spring.datasource.hikari.connection-test-query=SELECT 1
spring.datasource.hikari.validation-timeout=1000

### xxl-job, email
spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com
spring.mail.port=25
[email protected]
[email protected]
spring.mail.password=123456
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.auth=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.enable=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.required=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.socketFactory.class=javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory

### 7、管理界面的登录用户名密码
xxl.job.login.username=admin
xxl.job.login.password=123456

### xxl-job, access token
xxl.job.accessToken=

### xxl-job, i18n (default is zh_CN, and you can choose "zh_CN", "zh_TC" and "en")
xxl.job.i18n=zh_CN

## xxl-job, triggerpool max size
xxl.job.triggerpool.fast.max=200
xxl.job.triggerpool.slow.max=100

### xxl-job, log retention days
xxl.job.logretentiondays=30

c.启动xxl-job-admin，访问地址为: http://localhost:8080/xxl-job-admin

image.png

d.启动执行器： \xxl-job-master\xxl-job-executor-samples

或者自己实现执行器：
1.新建一个空的maven项目，引入maven依赖：

        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-web
        
        
                com.xuxueli
                xxl-job-core
                2.3.0-SNAPSHOT
        

2. 配置application.properties

# web port
server.port=8081
# no web
#spring.main.web-environment=false

# log config
logging.config=classpath:logback.xml


### xxl-job admin address list, such as "http://address" or "http://address01,http://address02"
xxl.job.admin.addresses=http://127.0.0.1:8080/xxl-job-admin

### xxl-job, access token
xxl.job.accessToken=

### xxl-job executor appname 
xxl.job.executor.appname=xxl-job-executor-rj
### xxl-job executor registry-address: default use address to registry , otherwise use ip:port if address is null
xxl.job.executor.address=
### xxl-job executor server-info
xxl.job.executor.ip=
xxl.job.executor.port=9999
### xxl-job executor log-path
xxl.job.executor.logpath=/data/applogs/xxl-job/jobhandler
### xxl-job executor log-retention-days,值为-1表示永不删除
xxl.job.executor.logretentiondays=30

3.执行器配置 XxlJobConfig ：

/**
 * Create by YSOcean
 */
@Configuration
public class XxlJobConfig {
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(XxlJobConfig.class);

    @Value("${xxl.job.admin.addresses}")
    private String adminAddresses;

    @Value("${xxl.job.executor.appname}")
    private String appName;

    @Value("${xxl.job.executor.ip}")
    private String ip;

    @Value("${xxl.job.executor.port}")
    private int port;

    @Value("${xxl.job.accessToken}")
    private String accessToken;

    @Value("${xxl.job.executor.logpath}")
    private String logPath;

    @Value("${xxl.job.executor.logretentiondays}")
    private int logRetentionDays;


    @Bean(initMethod = "start", destroyMethod = "destroy")
      public XxlJobSpringExecutor xxlJobExecutor() {
        logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>> xxl-job config init,port：{}",port);
        XxlJobSpringExecutor xxlJobSpringExecutor = new XxlJobSpringExecutor();
        xxlJobSpringExecutor.setAdminAddresses(adminAddresses);
        xxlJobSpringExecutor.setAppname(appName);
        xxlJobSpringExecutor.setIp(ip);
        xxlJobSpringExecutor.setPort(port);
        xxlJobSpringExecutor.setAccessToken(accessToken);
        xxlJobSpringExecutor.setLogPath(logPath);
        xxlJobSpringExecutor.setLogRetentionDays(logRetentionDays);

        return xxlJobSpringExecutor;
    } 
}

4.执行器：

/**
 * 任务Handler示例（Bean模式）
 *
 * 开发步骤：
 * 1、继承"IJobHandler"：“com.xxl.job.core.handler.IJobHandler”；
 * 2、注册到Spring容器：添加“@Component”注解，被Spring容器扫描为Bean实例；
 * 3、注册到执行器工厂：添加“@JobHandler(value="自定义jobhandler名称")”注解，注解value值对应的是调度中心新建任务的JobHandler属性的值。
 * 4、执行日志：需要通过 "XxlJobLogger.log" 打印执行日志；
 */

@Component
public class JobHandlerDemo{
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JobHandlerDemo.class);

    /**
     * 1、简单任务示例（Bean模式）
     */
    @XxlJob("demoJobHandler")
    public void demoJobHandler() throws Exception {
        XxlJobHelper.log("XXL-JOB, Hello World.");
       //执行业务逻辑

        // default success
    } 
    /**
     * 2、分片广播任务
     */
    @XxlJob("shardingJobHandler")
    public void shardingJobHandler(String param) throws Exception {
        // 分片参数
        int shardIndex = XxlJobHelper.getShardIndex();
        int shardTotal = XxlJobHelper.getShardTotal(); 
        logger.info("shardingJobHandler() ,port：{},param:{}",9997,param);
        XxlJobHelper.log("分片参数：当前分片序号 = {}, 总分片数 = {},port:{}", shardIndex, shardTotal,9997);

        // 业务逻辑
        for (int i = 0; i < shardTotal; i++) {
            if (i == shardIndex) {
                XxlJobHelper.log("第 {} 片, 命中分片开始处理", i);
            } else {
                XxlJobHelper.log("第 {} 片, 忽略", i);
            }
        }

    }


    /**
     * 3、命令行任务
     */
    @XxlJob("commandJobHandler")
    public void commandJobHandler() throws Exception {
        String command = XxlJobHelper.getJobParam();
        int exitValue = -1;

        BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
        try {
            // command process
            ProcessBuilder processBuilder = new ProcessBuilder();
            processBuilder.command(command);
            processBuilder.redirectErrorStream(true);

            Process process = processBuilder.start();
            //Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);

            BufferedInputStream bufferedInputStream = new BufferedInputStream(process.getInputStream());
            bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(bufferedInputStream));

            // command log
            String line;
            while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                XxlJobHelper.log(line);
            }

            // command exit
            process.waitFor();
            exitValue = process.exitValue();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            XxlJobHelper.log(e);
        } finally {
            if (bufferedReader != null) {
                bufferedReader.close();
            }
        }

        if (exitValue == 0) {
            // default success
        } else {
            XxlJobHelper.handleFail("command exit value("+exitValue+") is failed");
        }

    }


    /**
     * 4、跨平台Http任务
     *  参数示例：
     *      "url: http://www.baidu.com\n" +
     *      "method: get\n" +
     *      "data: content\n";
     */
    @XxlJob("httpJobHandler")
    public void httpJobHandler() throws Exception {

        // param parse
        String param = XxlJobHelper.getJobParam();
        if (param==null || param.trim().length()==0) {
            XxlJobHelper.log("param["+ param +"] invalid.");

            XxlJobHelper.handleFail();
            return;
        }

        String[] httpParams = param.split("\n");
        String url = null;
        String method = null;
        String data = null;
        for (String httpParam: httpParams) {
            if (httpParam.startsWith("url:")) {
                url = httpParam.substring(httpParam.indexOf("url:") + 4).trim();
            }
            if (httpParam.startsWith("method:")) {
                method = httpParam.substring(httpParam.indexOf("method:") + 7).trim().toUpperCase();
            }
            if (httpParam.startsWith("data:")) {
                data = httpParam.substring(httpParam.indexOf("data:") + 5).trim();
            }
        }

        // param valid
        if (url==null || url.trim().length()==0) {
            XxlJobHelper.log("url["+ url +"] invalid.");

            XxlJobHelper.handleFail();
            return;
        }
        if (method==null || !Arrays.asList("GET", "POST").contains(method)) {
            XxlJobHelper.log("method["+ method +"] invalid.");

            XxlJobHelper.handleFail();
            return;
        }
        boolean isPostMethod = method.equals("POST");

        // request
        HttpURLConnection connection = null;
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
        try {
            // connection
            URL realUrl = new URL(url);
            connection = (HttpURLConnection) realUrl.openConnection();

            // connection setting
            connection.setRequestMethod(method);
            connection.setDoOutput(isPostMethod);
            connection.setDoInput(true);
            connection.setUseCaches(false);
            connection.setReadTimeout(5 * 1000);
            connection.setConnectTimeout(3 * 1000);
            connection.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
            connection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");

            // do connection
            connection.connect();

            // data
            if (isPostMethod && data!=null && data.trim().length()>0) {
                DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());
                dataOutputStream.write(data.getBytes("UTF-8"));
                dataOutputStream.flush();
                dataOutputStream.close();
            }

            // valid StatusCode
            int statusCode = connection.getResponseCode();
            if (statusCode != 200) {
                throw new RuntimeException("Http Request StatusCode(" + statusCode + ") Invalid.");
            }

            // result
            bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
            StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
            String line;
            while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                result.append(line);
            }
            String responseMsg = result.toString();

            XxlJobHelper.log(responseMsg);

            return;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            XxlJobHelper.log(e);

            XxlJobHelper.handleFail();
            return;
        } finally {
            try {
                if (bufferedReader != null) {
                    bufferedReader.close();
                }
                if (connection != null) {
                    connection.disconnect();
                }
            } catch (Exception e2) {
                XxlJobHelper.log(e2);
            }
        }

    }

    /**
     * 5、生命周期任务示例：任务初始化与销毁时，支持自定义相关逻辑；
     */
    @XxlJob(value = "demoJobHandler2", init = "init", destroy = "destroy")
    public void demoJobHandler2() throws Exception {
        XxlJobHelper.log("XXL-JOB, Hello World.");
    }
    public void init(){
        logger.info("init");
    }
    public void destroy(){
        logger.info("destory");
    }

}

5.启动执行器，此时控制台上还没有显示你启动的执行器，此时需要手动添加，执行器的名称和项目配置中的一致，机器地址可以采用自动注册的方式也可以使用手动注入的方式

image.png

执行器启动成功后，因为我设置的是自动注册，所以成功后会自动注册机器地址：

image.png

6.新建任务，然后执行测试

image.png

点击操作下的执行一次或者启动来启动一个任务

image.png

7.查看执行任务日志

image.png

完成以上的任务，我们的xxl-job也就入门了,后面就可以进行集群搭建了