java 实现websocket两种方式

简单说明
1.两种方式，一种使用tomcat的websocket实现，一种使用spring的websocket

2.tomcat的方式需要tomcat 7.x，JEE7的支持。

3.spring与websocket整合需要spring 4.x，并且使用了socketjs，对不支持websocket的浏览器可以模拟websocket使用

方式一：tomcat
使用这种方式无需别的任何配置，只需服务端一个处理类，

package com.Socket;  
  
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.util.Map;  
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;  
import javax.websocket.*;  
import javax.websocket.server.PathParam;  
import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;  
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;  
  
@ServerEndpoint("/websocket/{username}")  
public class WebSocket {  
  
    private static int onlineCount = 0;  
    private static Map<String, WebSocket> clients = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, WebSocket>();  
    private Session session;  
    private String username;  
      
    @OnOpen  
    public void onOpen(@PathParam("username") String username, Session session) throws IOException {  
  
        this.username = username;  
        this.session = session;  
          
        addOnlineCount();  
        clients.put(username, this);  
        System.out.println("已连接");  
    }  
  
    @OnClose  
    public void onClose() throws IOException {  
        clients.remove(username);  
        subOnlineCount();  
    }  
  
    @OnMessage  
    public void onMessage(String message) throws IOException {  
  
        JSONObject jsonTo = JSONObject.fromObject(message);  
          
        if (!jsonTo.get("To").equals("All")){  
            sendMessageTo("给一个人", jsonTo.get("To").toString());  
        }else{  
            sendMessageAll("给所有人");  
        }  
    }  
  
    @OnError  
    public void onError(Session session, Throwable error) {  
        error.printStackTrace();  
    }  
  
    public void sendMessageTo(String message, String To) throws IOException {  
        // session.getBasicRemote().sendText(message);  
        //session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(message);  
        for (WebSocket item : clients.values()) {  
            if (item.username.equals(To) )  
                item.session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(message);  
        }  
    }  
      
    public void sendMessageAll(String message) throws IOException {  
        for (WebSocket item : clients.values()) {  
            item.session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(message);  
        }  
    }  
      
      
  
    public static synchronized int getOnlineCount() {  
        return onlineCount;  
    }  
  
    public static synchronized void addOnlineCount() {  
        WebSocket.onlineCount++;  
    }  
  
    public static synchronized void subOnlineCount() {  
        WebSocket.onlineCount--;  
    }  
  
    public static synchronized Map<String, WebSocket> getClients() {  
        return clients;  
    }  
}  

前端

var websocket = null;  
var username = localStorage.getItem("name");  
  
//判断当前浏览器是否支持WebSocket  
if ('WebSocket' in window) {  
    websocket = new WebSocket("ws://" + document.location.host + "/WebChat/websocket/" + username + "/"+ _img);  
} else {  
    alert('当前浏览器 Not support websocket')  
}  
  
//连接发生错误的回调方法  
websocket.onerror = function() {  
    setMessageInnerHTML("WebSocket连接发生错误");  
};  
  
//连接成功建立的回调方法  
websocket.onopen = function() {  
    setMessageInnerHTML("WebSocket连接成功");  
}  
  
//接收到消息的回调方法  
websocket.onmessage = function(event) {  
    setMessageInnerHTML(event.data);  
}  
  
//连接关闭的回调方法  
websocket.onclose = function() {  
    setMessageInnerHTML("WebSocket连接关闭");  
}  
  
//监听窗口关闭事件，当窗口关闭时，主动去关闭websocket连接，防止连接还没断开就关闭窗口，server端会抛异常。  
window.onbeforeunload = function() {  
    closeWebSocket();  
}  
  
//关闭WebSocket连接  
function closeWebSocket() {  
    websocket.close();  
}  

发送消息只需要使用websocket.send(“发送消息”)，就可以触发服务端的onMessage()方法，当连接时，触发服务器端onOpen()方法，此时也可以调用发送消息的方法去发送消息。关闭websocket时，触发服务器端onclose()方法，此时也可以发送消息，但是不能发送给自己，因为自己的已经关闭了连接，但是可以发送给其他人。

方法二：spring整合

此方式基于spring mvc框架，相关配置可以看我的相关博客文章

WebSocketConfig.java

这个类是配置类，所以需要在spring mvc配置文件中加入对这个类的扫描，第一个addHandler是对正常连接的配置，第二个是如果浏览器不支持websocket，使用socketjs模拟websocket的连接。

[java]
package com.websocket;  
  
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;  
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;  
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocket;  
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketConfigurer;  
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketHandlerRegistry;  
import org.springframework.web.socket.handler.TextWebSocketHandler;  
  
@Configuration  
@EnableWebSocket  
public class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketConfigurer {  
    @Override  
    public void registerWebSocketHandlers(WebSocketHandlerRegistry registry) {  
        registry.addHandler(chatMessageHandler(),"/webSocketServer").addInterceptors(new ChatHandshakeInterceptor());  
        registry.addHandler(chatMessageHandler(), "/sockjs/webSocketServer").addInterceptors(new ChatHandshakeInterceptor()).withSockJS();  
    }  
   
    @Bean  
    public TextWebSocketHandler chatMessageHandler(){  
        return new ChatMessageHandler();  
    }  
  
}  

ChatHandshakeInterceptor.java

这个类的作用就是在连接成功前和成功后增加一些额外的功能，Constants.java类是一个工具类，两个常量。

package com.websocket;  
  
import java.util.Map;  
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;  
import org.springframework.http.server.ServerHttpRequest;  
import org.springframework.http.server.ServerHttpResponse;  
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketHandler;  
import org.springframework.web.socket.server.support.HttpSessionHandshakeInterceptor;  
  
public class ChatHandshakeInterceptor extends HttpSessionHandshakeInterceptor {  
  
    @Override  
    public boolean beforeHandshake(ServerHttpRequest request, ServerHttpResponse response, WebSocketHandler wsHandler,  
            Map<String, Object> attributes) throws Exception {  
        System.out.println("Before Handshake");  
        /* 
         * if (request instanceof ServletServerHttpRequest) { 
         * ServletServerHttpRequest servletRequest = (ServletServerHttpRequest) 
         * request; HttpSession session = 
         * servletRequest.getServletRequest().getSession(false); if (session != 
         * null) { //使用userName区分WebSocketHandler，以便定向发送消息 String userName = 
         * (String) session.getAttribute(Constants.SESSION_USERNAME); if 
         * (userName==null) { userName="default-system"; } 
         * attributes.put(Constants.WEBSOCKET_USERNAME,userName); 
         *  
         * } } 
         */  
  
        //使用userName区分WebSocketHandler，以便定向发送消息(使用shiro获取session,或是使用上面的方式)  
        String userName = (String) SecurityUtils.getSubject().getSession().getAttribute(Constants.SESSION_USERNAME);  
        if (userName == null) {  
            userName = "default-system";  
        }  
        attributes.put(Constants.WEBSOCKET_USERNAME, userName);  
  
        return super.beforeHandshake(request, response, wsHandler, attributes);  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void afterHandshake(ServerHttpRequest request, ServerHttpResponse response, WebSocketHandler wsHandler,  
            Exception ex) {  
        System.out.println("After Handshake");  
        super.afterHandshake(request, response, wsHandler, ex);  
    }  
  
}  

ChatMessageHandler.java

这个类是对消息的一些处理，比如是发给一个人，还是发给所有人，并且前端连接时触发的一些动作

package com.websocket;  
  
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.util.ArrayList;  
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;  
import org.springframework.web.socket.CloseStatus;  
import org.springframework.web.socket.TextMessage;  
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketSession;  
import org.springframework.web.socket.handler.TextWebSocketHandler;  
  
public class ChatMessageHandler extends TextWebSocketHandler {  
  
    private static final ArrayList<WebSocketSession> users;// 这个会出现性能问题，最好用Map来存储，key用userid  
    private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(ChatMessageHandler.class);  
  
    static {  
        users = new ArrayList<WebSocketSession>();  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * 连接成功时候，会触发UI上onopen方法 
     */  
    @Override  
    public void afterConnectionEstablished(WebSocketSession session) throws Exception {  
        System.out.println("connect to the websocket success......");  
        users.add(session);  
        // 这块会实现自己业务，比如，当用户登录后，会把离线消息推送给用户  
        // TextMessage returnMessage = new TextMessage("你将收到的离线");  
        // session.sendMessage(returnMessage);  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * 在UI在用js调用websocket.send()时候，会调用该方法 
     */  
    @Override  
    protected void handleTextMessage(WebSocketSession session, TextMessage message) throws Exception {  
        sendMessageToUsers(message);  
        //super.handleTextMessage(session, message);  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * 给某个用户发送消息 
     * 
     * @param userName 
     * @param message 
     */  
    public void sendMessageToUser(String userName, TextMessage message) {  
        for (WebSocketSession user : users) {  
            if (user.getAttributes().get(Constants.WEBSOCKET_USERNAME).equals(userName)) {  
                try {  
                    if (user.isOpen()) {  
                        user.sendMessage(message);  
                    }  
                } catch (IOException e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
                }  
                break;  
            }  
        }  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * 给所有在线用户发送消息 
     * 
     * @param message 
     */  
    public void sendMessageToUsers(TextMessage message) {  
        for (WebSocketSession user : users) {  
            try {  
                if (user.isOpen()) {  
                    user.sendMessage(message);  
                }  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void handleTransportError(WebSocketSession session, Throwable exception) throws Exception {  
        if (session.isOpen()) {  
            session.close();  
        }  
        logger.debug("websocket connection closed......");  
        users.remove(session);  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void afterConnectionClosed(WebSocketSession session, CloseStatus closeStatus) throws Exception {  
        logger.debug("websocket connection closed......");  
        users.remove(session);  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public boolean supportsPartialMessages() {  
        return false;  
    }  
  
}