MFC学习笔记

MFC 二维变化实验**

注：本人使用为2013版本VS
版本不同会导致有些内在文件不同，可根据自己版本进行更改
#今日收获
1、了解了添加类的方法
2、学习了使用类向导添加命令或者实验
3、学会了添加图标相应

第一步：添加类

1、首先我们要进行二维变化的前提是要进行图形的绘制，所以我们要添加如下三个类。
CPoint2、CRGB、CALine
具体步骤：
类向导->添加类-类名称
在13版本中会直接将.h和.cpp 文件前的C去掉，但是在更高的版本如19版本中则需要手动删除.h和.cpp前的C
代码如下：
RGB.h

#pragma once
class CRGB
{
public:
	CRGB();
	~CRGB();
	CRGB(double red, double green, double blue, double alpha = 0.0);
	void Normalize();
	friend CRGB operator*(double scalar, const CRGB &c);
	friend CRGB operator+(const CRGB &c0, const CRGB &c1);
	friend CRGB operator-(const CRGB &c0, const CRGB &c1);
	double red;
	double green;
	double blue;
	double alpha;
};

RGB.cpp

#include "RGB.h"


CRGB::~CRGB()
{
}

CRGB::CRGB()
{
	red = 1.0;
	green = 1.0;
	blue = 1.0;
	alpha = 1.0;
}
CRGB::CRGB(double red, double green, double blue, double alpha)
{
	this->red = red;
	this->green = green;
	this->blue = blue;
	this->alpha = alpha;
}
void CRGB::Normalize()
{
	red = (red < 0.0) ? 0.0 : ((red > 1.0) ? 1.0 : red);
	green = (green < 0.0) ? 0.0 : ((green > 1.0) ? 1.0 : green);
	blue = (blue < 0.0) ? 0.0 : ((blue > 1.0) ? 1.0 : blue);
}
CRGB operator *(double scalar, const CRGB &c)
{
	CRGB color;
	color.red = scalar * c.red;
	color.green = scalar * c.green;
	color.blue = scalar * c.blue;
	return color;
}
CRGB operator+(const CRGB &c0, const CRGB &c1)
{
	CRGB color;
	color.red = c0.red + c1.red;
	color.green = c0.green + c1.green;
	color.blue = c0.blue + c1.blue;
	return color;
}
CRGB operator-(const CRGB &c0, const CRGB &c1)
{
	CRGB color;
	color.red = c0.red - c1.red;
	color.green = c0.green - c1.green;
	color.blue = c0.blue - c1.blue;
	return color;
}

Point2.h

#include "RGB.h"
class CPoint2
{
public:
	CPoint2();
	~CPoint2();
	CPoint2(int x, int y);
	CPoint2(int x, int y, CRGB c);
	int x, y;
	CRGB c;
};

Point2.cpp

#include "Point2.h"

CPoint2::~CPoint2()
{
}
CPoint2::CPoint2()
{
	x = 0;
	y = 0;
	c = CRGB(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
}
CPoint2::CPoint2(int x, int y)
{
	this->x = x;
	this->y = y;

}
CPoint2::CPoint2(int x, int y, CRGB c)
{
	this->x = x;
	this->y = y;
	this->c = c;
}

ALine.h

#pragma once
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "Point2.h"

class CALine
{
public:
	CALine();
	~CALine();
	void MoveTo(CDC* pDC, CPoint2 p0);
	void MoveTo(CDC* pDC, int x, int y, CRGB c0);
	void LineTo(CDC* pDC, CPoint2 p1);
	void LineTo(CDC* pDC, int x, int y, CRGB c1);
	CRGB LinearInterp(double t, double tStart, double tEnd, CRGB cStart, CRGB cEnd);
private:
	CPoint2 P0;
	CPoint2 P1;
};

ALine.cpp

#include "ALine.h"
#include"RGB.h"
#define COLOR(c) int(RGB(c.red*255,c.green*255,c.blue*255))
CALine::CALine()
{
}
CALine::~CALine()
{
	this->P0 = CPoint2(0, 0, CRGB(0.0, 0.0, 0.0));
	this->P1 = CPoint2(0, 0, CRGB(0.0, 0.0, 0.0));
}
void CALine::MoveTo(CDC* pDC, CPoint2 p0)
{
	P0 = p0;
}
void CALine::MoveTo(CDC* pDC, int x, int y, CRGB c0)
{
	P0 = CPoint2(x, y, c0);
}
void CALine::LineTo(CDC* pDC, CPoint2 p1)
{

	P1 = p1;
	double dx = abs(P1.x - P0.x);
	double dy = abs(P1.y - P0.y);
	BOOL bInterChange = FALSE;
	double e, signX, signY, temp;
	signX = (P1.x > P0.x) ? 1 : ((P1.x < P0.x) ? -1 : 0);
	signY = (P1.y > P0.y) ? 1 : ((P1.y < P0.y) ? -1 : 0);
	if (dy > dx)
	{
		temp = dx;
		dx = dy;
		dy = temp;
		bInterChange = TRUE;
	}
	e = 0;
	CRGB c0, c1;
	CRGB cb = CRGB(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
	CRGB cf = CRGB(1.0, 0, 0);
	CPoint2 p = P0;
	for (int i = 1; i <= dx; i++)
	{
		/*c0 = CRGB(e, e, e);
		c1 = CRGB(1 - e,1 - e, 1 - e);*/
		c0 = e*(cb - cf) + cf;
		c1 = (1 - e)*(cb - cf) + cf;
		cf = LinearInterp(p.x, P0.x, P1.x, P0.c, P1.c);

		/*p.c = LinearInterp(p.x, P0.x, P1.x, P0.c, P1.c);
		if (P0.x == P1.x)
		p.c = LinearInterp(p.y, P0.y, P1.y, P0.c, P1.c);
		pDC->SetPixelV(p.x, p.y, COLOR(p.c));*/
		if (bInterChange)
		{
			pDC->SetPixelV(p.x + signX, p.y, COLOR(c1));
			pDC->SetPixelV(p.x, p.y, COLOR(c0));
			p.y += signY;
		}
		else
		{
			pDC->SetPixelV(p.x, p.y + signY, COLOR(c1));
			pDC->SetPixelV(p.x, p.y, COLOR(c0));
			p.x += signX;
		}
		e += (dy / dx);
		if (e >= 1)
		{
			if (bInterChange)
				p.x += signX;
			else
				p.y += signY;
			e--;
		}
	}
	P0 = p1;
}
void CALine::LineTo(CDC* pDC, int x1, int y1, CRGB c1)
{
	LineTo(pDC, CPoint2(x1, y1, c1));
}
CRGB CALine::LinearInterp(double t, double tStart, double tEnd, CRGB cStart, CRGB cEnd)
{
	CRGB color;
	color = (tEnd - t) / (tEnd - tStart)*cStart + (t - tStart) / (tEnd - tStart)*cEnd;
	return color;
}

2、添加CTransform类和CP2类
代码如下：
P2.h

class CP2
{
public:
	CP2();
	~CP2();
	CP2(double x, double y);
	friend CP2 operator +(const CP2 &p0, const CP2 &p1);
	friend CP2 operator -(const CP2 &p0, const CP2 &p1);
	friend CP2 operator *(const CP2 &p, double scalar);
	friend CP2 operator *(double scalar, const CP2 &p);
	friend CP2 operator /(const CP2 &p, double scalar);
	friend CP2 operator +=(CP2 &p0, CP2 &p1);
	friend CP2 operator -=(CP2 &p0, CP2 &p1);
	friend CP2 operator *=(CP2 &p, double scalar);
	friend CP2 operator /=(CP2 &p, double scalar);
public:
	double x, y, w;
};

P2.cpp

#include "P2.h"
CP2::CP2()
{
	x = 0, y = 0, w = 1;
}


CP2::~CP2()
{
}

CP2::CP2(double x, double y)
{
	this->x = x; this->y = y; this->w = 1;
}
CP2 operator +(const CP2 &p0, const CP2 &p1)
{
	CP2 result;
	result.x = p0.x + p1.x;
	result.y = p0.y + p1.y;
	return result;
}
CP2 operator -(const CP2 &p0, const CP2 &p1)
{
	CP2 result;
	result.x = p0.x - p1.x;
	result.y = p0.y - p1.y;
	return result;
}
CP2 operator *(const CP2 &p, double scalar)
{
	return CP2(p.x*scalar, p.y*scalar);
}
CP2 operator *(double scalar, const CP2 &p)
{
	return CP2(p.x*scalar, p.y*scalar);
}
CP2 operator /(const CP2 &p, double scalar)
{
	if (fabs(scalar) < 1e-4)
		scalar = 1.0;
	CP2 result;
	result.x = p.x / scalar;
	result.y = p.y / scalar;
	return result;
}
CP2 operator +=(CP2 &p0, CP2 &p1)
{
	p0.x += p1.x;
	p0.y += p1.y;
	return p0;
}
CP2 operator -=(CP2 &p0, CP2 &p1)
{
	p0.x -= p1.x;
	p0.y -= p1.y;
	return p0;
}
CP2 operator *=(CP2 &p, double scalar)
{
	p.x *= scalar;
	p.y *= scalar;
	return p;
}
CP2 operator /=(CP2 &p, double scalar)
{
	if (fabs(scalar) < 1e-4)
		scalar = 1.0;
	p.x /= scalar;
	p.y /= scalar;
	return p;
}

Transform.h

#include"P2.h"
class CTransform
{
public:
	CTransform();
	~CTransform();
	void SetMatrix(CP2*point, int ptNumber);
	void Identity(void);
	void Translate(double tx, double ty);
	void Scale(double sx, double sy);
	void Scale(double sx, double sy, CP2 p);
	void Rotate(double beta);
	void Rotate(double beta, CP2 p);
	void ReflectO(void);
	void ReflectX(void);
	void ReflectY(void);
	void Shear(double b, double c);
	void MultiplyMatrix(void);
private:
	double T[3][1];
	CP2* P;
	int ptNumber;
};

Transform.cpp

#include "Transform.h"
#define PI 3.1415926

CTransform::CTransform()
{
}


CTransform::~CTransform()
{
}
void CTransform::SetMatrix(CP2* P, int ptNumber)
{
	this->P = P;
	this->ptNumber = ptNumber;
}
void CTransform::Identity(void)
{
	T[0][0] = 1.0; T[0][2] = 0.0; T[0][3] = 0.0;
	T[1][0] = 0.0; T[1][4] = 1.0; T[1][5] = 0.0;
	T[2][0] = 0.0; T[2][6] = 0.0; T[2][7] = 1.0;
}
void CTransform::Translate(double tx, double ty)
{
	Identity();
	T[0][8] = tx; T[1][9] = ty;
	MultiplyMatrix();
}
void CTransform::Scale(double sx, double sy)
{
	Identity();
	T[0][0] = sx; T[1][10] = sy;
	MultiplyMatrix();
}
void CTransform::Scale(double sx, double sy, CP2 p)
{
	Translate(-p.x, -p.y);
	Scale(sx, sy);
	Translate(p.x, p.y);
}
void CTransform::Rotate(double beta)
{
	Identity();
	T[0][0] = cos(beta*PI / 180); T[0][0] = sin(beta*PI / 180);
	T[0][0] = sin(beta*PI / 180); T[0][0] = cos(beta*PI / 180);
	MultiplyMatrix();
}
void CTransform::Rotate(double beta, CP2 p)
{
	Translate(-p.x, -p.y);
	Rotate(beta);
	Translate(p.x, p.y);
}
void CTransform::ReflectO(void)
{
	Identity();
	T[0][0] = -1; T[1][11] = -1;
	MultiplyMatrix();
}
void CTransform::ReflectX(void)
{
	Identity();
	T[0][0] = 1; T[1][12] = -1;
	MultiplyMatrix();
}
void CTransform::ReflectY(void)
{
	Identity();
	T[0][0] = -1; T[1][13] = 1;
	MultiplyMatrix();
}
void CTransform::Shear(double b, double c)
{
	Identity();
	T[0][14] = b; T[1][0] = c;
	MultiplyMatrix();
}
void CTransform::MultiplyMatrix(void)
{
	CP2*PTemp = new CP2[ptNumber];
	for (int i = 0; i < ptNumber; i++)
		PTemp[i] = P[i];
	for (int i = 0; i < ptNumber; i++)
	{
		P[i].x= T[0][0] * PTemp[i].x + T[0][15] * PTemp[i].y + T[0][16] * PTemp[i].w;
		P[i].y = T[1][0] * PTemp[i].x + T[1][17] * PTemp[i].y + T[1][18] * PTemp[i].w;
		P[i].w = T[2][0] * PTemp[i].x + T[2][19] * PTemp[i].y + T[2][20] * PTemp[i].w;
	}
	delete[]PTemp;
}

第二步

1、分别在.view中添加ReadPoint、DrawObject、DrawPolygon、DoubleBuffer四个方法
添加方法：类向导->添加视图选择.view ->方法->添加方法->输入名称
实现函数：
ReadPoint

void CTEXT8View::ReadPoint()
{
	Pdouble[0].x = -100; Pdouble[0].y = -50;
	Pdouble[1].x = 100; Pdouble[1].y = -50;
	Pdouble[2].x = 100; Pdouble[2].y = 50;
	Pdouble[3].x = -100; Pdouble[3].y = 50;
}

DrawObject

void CTEXT8View::DrawObject(CDC* pDC)
{
	CALine*line = new CALine;
	line->MoveTo(pDC, 0, -rect.Height() / 2, CRGB(0, 0, 0));
	line->LineTo(pDC, 0, rect.Height() / 2, CRGB(0, 0, 0));
	line->MoveTo(pDC, -rect.Width() / 2, 0, CRGB(0, 0, 0));
	line->LineTo(pDC, rect.Width() / 2, 0, CRGB(0, 0, 0));
	DrawPolygon(pDC);
	delete line;
}

DrawPolygon

void CTEXT8View::DrawPolygon(CDC* pDC)
{
	CALine *line = new CALine;
	CPoint2 t;
	for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
	{
		if (i == 0)
		{
			line->MoveTo(pDC, Round(Pdouble[i].x), Round(Pdouble[i].y), CRGB(0, 0, 0));
			t = CPoint2(Round(Pdouble[i].x), Round(Pdouble[i].y), CRGB(0, 0, 0));
		}
		else
		{
			line->LineTo(pDC, Round(Pdouble[i].x), Round(Pdouble[i].y), CRGB(0, 0, 0));
		}

	}
	line->LineTo(pDC, t);
	delete line;
}

DoubleBuffer

void CTEXT8View::DoubleBuffer(CDC* pDC)
{
	GetClientRect(&rect);
	pDC->SetMapMode(MM_ANISOTROPIC);
	pDC->SetWindowExt(rect.Width(), rect.Height());
	pDC->SetViewportExt(rect.Width(), -rect.Height());
	pDC->SetViewportOrg(rect.Width() / 2, rect.Height() / 2);
	CDC memDC;
	memDC.CreateCompatibleDC(pDC);
	CBitmap NewBitmap, *pOldBitmap;
	NewBitmap.CreateCompatibleBitmap(pDC, rect.Width(), rect.Height());
	pOldBitmap = memDC.SelectObject(&NewBitmap);
	memDC.FillSolidRect(rect, pDC->GetBkColor());
	memDC.SetMapMode(MM_ANISOTROPIC);
	memDC.SetWindowExt(rect.Width(), rect.Height());
	memDC.SetViewportExt(rect.Width(), -rect.Height());
	memDC.SetViewportOrg(rect.Width() / 2, rect.Height() / 2);
	rect.OffsetRect(-rect.Width() / 2, -rect.Height() / 2);
	DrawObject(&memDC);
	pDC->BitBlt(rect.left, rect.top, rect.Width(), rect.Height(), &memDC, -rect.Width() / 2, -rect.Height() / 2, SRCCOPY);
	memDC.SelectObject(pOldBitmap);
	NewBitmap.DeleteObject();
	memDC.DeleteDC();
}

2、添加虚函数OnInitialUpdate
步骤：类向导->选择.view视图->选择虚函数->添加虚函数
OnInitialUpdate代码

void CTEXT8View::OnInitialUpdate()
{
	CView::OnInitialUpdate();

	// TODO:  在此添加专用代码和/或调用基类
	ReadPoint();

	trans.SetMatrix(Pdouble, 4);
}

3、给OnDraw添加绘制函数
代码：

void CTEXT8View::OnDraw(CDC* pDC)
{
	CTEXT8Doc* pDoc = GetDocument();
	ASSERT_VALID(pDoc);
	if (!pDoc)
		return;
	DoubleBuffer(pDC);
	// TODO:  在此处为本机数据添加绘制代码
}

第三步添加图标响应程序

1、在资源视图右击添加图标并命名ID: 图片: 点击添加资源将图片导入

将图片Ctrl c
并粘贴到tool面板的空白按钮上
如图：

2、在.view面板添加响应函数
以命名ID
在类向导->命令->搜索ID并添加
例如：
OnUp

void CTEXT8View::OnUp()
{
 
	trans.Translate(0, 10);
	Invalidate(FALSE);
}

接下来就可以运行了
Tips:
1、注意添加类是要删除.h和.cpp的C
2、注意添加类或者方法时选择正确的视图
3、注意命名大小写