如何用套索和RobustScalar建立预测函数？

我试图弄清楚如何在不使用Sklearn提供的.predict函数的情况下使用LASSO回归来预测值。这基本上只是为了扩大我对套索内部工作原理的理解。我在Cross Validated上问了一个关于套索回归如何工作的问题，其中一条评论提到了预测函数的工作原理与线性回归中的相同。正因为如此，我想试着用我自己的函数来做这个。在

{I>在使用不同的输出时，{I>可以成功地使用cd2>函数。在这个例子中，Sklearn的预测值是4.33，我自己的函数是6.18。我错过了什么？我不是在最后正确地反变换了预测吗？在

import pandas as pd
from sklearn.preprocessing import RobustScaler
from sklearn.linear_model import Lasso
import numpy as np

df = pd.DataFrame({'Y':[5, -10, 10, .5, 2.5, 15], 'X1':[1., -2.,  2., .1, .5, 3], 'X2':[1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1], 
              'X3':[6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 4], 'X4':[6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1]})

X = df[['X1','X2','X3','X4']]
y = df[['Y']]

#Scaling 
transformer_x = RobustScaler().fit(X)
transformer_y = RobustScaler().fit(y) 
X_scal = transformer_x.transform(X)
y_scal = transformer_y.transform(y)

#LASSO
lasso = Lasso()
lasso = lasso.fit(X_scal, y_scal)

#LASSO info
print('Score: ', lasso.score(X_scal,y_scal))
print('Raw Intercept: ', lasso.intercept_.round(2)[0]) 
intercept = transformer_y.inverse_transform([lasso.intercept_])[0][0]
print('Unscaled Intercept: ', intercept) 
print('\nCoefficients Used: ')
coeff_array = lasso.coef_
inverse_coeff_array = transformer_x.inverse_transform(lasso.coef_.reshape(1,-1))[0]
for i,j,k in zip(X.columns, coeff_array, inverse_coeff_array):
    if j != 0:
        print(i, j.round(2), k.round(2))

#Predictions
example = [[3,1,1,1]]
pred = lasso.predict(example)
pred_scal = transformer_y.inverse_transform(pred.reshape(-1, 1))
print('\nRaw Prediction where X1 = 3: ', pred[0])
print('Unscaled Prediction where X1 = 3: ', pred_scal[0][0])

#Predictions without using the .predict function 
def lasso_predict_value_(X1,X2,X3,X4): 
    print('intercept: ', intercept)
    print('coef: ', inverse_coeff_array[0])
    print('X1: ', X1)
    preds = intercept + inverse_coeff_array[0]*X1
    print('Your predicted value is: ', preds)

lasso_predict_value_(3,1,1,1)

受过训练的^{cd1>}没有任何信息，无论给定数据点是否缩放。因此，您手动进行预测的方法不应该考虑到它的缩放方面。

如果我删除您对模型效率的处理，我们可以得到sklearn模型的结果

example = [[3,1,1,1]]
lasso.predict(example)

# array([0.07533937])


#Predictions without using the .predict function 
def lasso_predict_value_(X1,X2,X3,X4): 
    x_test = np.array([X1,X2, X3, X4])
    preds = lasso.intercept_ + sum(x_test*lasso.coef_)
    print('Your predicted value is: ', preds)


lasso_predict_value_(3,1,1,1)

# Your predicted value is:  [0.07533937]