Oracle database 静默安装 oracle 11g 一键安装

基于oracle安装包中应答文件实现一键安装

支持环境：

Linux ：centerOS 7
oracle ：11.2.0

---

Oracle应答文件

runInstaller应答文件
/database/response/db_install.rsp
netca应答文件
/database/response/netca.rsp
dbca应答文件
/database/response/dbca.rsp

解压oracle安装包后在生成database目录
静默安装需先编辑对应应答文件
编辑完成后执行安装程序指定对应应答文件

---

一键安装脚本

基于oracle可以实现静默安装的前提、
我们可以将安装oracle的步骤整合为shell脚本、
同时增加命令行控制、
增加可自定义项、

#!/bin/bash
#Create by：zhangyongze
#为什么不问问神奇的海螺呢丶
#oracle一键安装脚本
#############################
#变量初始化
oracle_version=11.2.0
oracle_base=/oracledata/app/oracle
oracle_instance_name=orcl
oracle_file=""
oracle_unzip=/oracledata
oracle_log_file=`pwd`/oracle_install.log
oracle_password="sysadmin"
help_str="参数说明:
   --oracleversion, -v:  oracle版本（支持11.2.0）
   --oraclebase,    -b  : oracle_base  选填 默认 /oracledata/app/oracle
   --oraclesid,     -s  : oracle_sid 选填 默认 orcl
   --installfile,   -f  : 安装文件（绝对路径） 必填
   --installdir,    -d  : 安装文件存放目录（绝对路径）选填 默认 /oracledata
   --installlog,    -l  : 安装日志（绝对路径） 选填 默认当前目录
   --syspasswd,     -p  : sys用户密码  选填 默认 sysadmin
   --help,          -h   : 帮助
   oracle_home =\${oracle_base}/product/\${oracle_version}/dbhome_1"

# 定义命令执行选项
getopt_cmd=$(getopt -o v:b:s:f:d:l:p:h --long oracleversion:,oraclebase::,oraclesid::,installfile:,installdir:,installlog::,syspasswd::,help  -n $(basename $0) -- "$@")
[ $? -ne 0 ] && exit 1
# 将规范化后的命令行参数分配至位置参数（$1,$2,...)
eval set -- "$getopt_cmd"
  
# 接受执行选项;赋值给变量
while [ -n "$1" ] 
do
case "$1" in
-h|--help)
    echo -e "$help_str"
            exit ;;
-v|--oracleversion)
            oracle_version="$2"
            shift ;;
-b|--oraclebase)
            oracle_base="$2"
            shift ;;
-s|--oraclesid)
            oracle_instance_name="$2"
            shift ;;
-f|--installfile)
            oracle_file="$2"
            shift ;;
-d|--installdir)
            oracle_unzip="$2"
            shift ;;
-l|--installlog)
            oracle_log_file="$2"
            shift ;;
-p|--syspasswd)
            oracle_password="$2"
            shift ;;
--) 
            shift
            break ;;
*)          
            echo "$1 is not an option"
            exit 1 ;;  # 发现未知参数，直接退出
        
 esac
 shift
done

##########变量################
oracle_home=${oracle_base}/product/${oracle_version}/dbhome_1
host_name=`hostname`
host_ip=`ip addr | grep inet | grep -v 127 | grep -v inet6 |awk '{print $2}'| grep -Eo "[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}"|head -n 1`

###########函数区#############
#打印输出
function wlog()
{
    content_str=$1
    var_color=$2
    var_curr_timestamp=`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%N" | cut -b 1-23`
	content_echo_str=""
	

    ## 判断参数1 是否是空字符串
    if [ "x${content_str}" == "x" ];then
        return
    else
        content_str="[${var_curr_timestamp}] ${content_str}"
    fi
	content_echo_str="${content_str}"

    ## 判断颜色
    if [ "${var_color}" == "green" ];then
        content_echo_str="\033[32m${content_str}\033[0m"
    elif [ "${var_color}" == "yellow" ];then
        content_echo_str="\033[33m${content_str}\033[0m"
    elif [ "${var_color}" == "red" ];then
        content_echo_str="\033[1;41;33m${content_str}\033[0m"
    fi

    ## 打印输出
    echo -e "${content_echo_str}"
	
	echo "${content_str}" >> ${oracle_log_file}
}
#判断/dev/shm是否足够2G，不够予以添加
addShm(){
  swap_zize=`df | grep /dev/shm | awk '{print $2 / 1024 / 1024}'`
  swap_zize=${swap_zize%.*}
  if [ ${swap_zize} -lt 2 ]
	then 
		wlog '/dev/shm空间小于2G,正在为您扩充/dev/shm空间...'
		mount -o size=2000M -o nr_inodes=1000000 -o noatime,nodiratime -o remount /dev/shm
		echo 'tmpfs                /dev/shm             tmpfs   defaults,size=1200M        0 0' >>  /etc/fstab
		mount -o remount /dev/shm
  fi
}

#判断交换空间是否足够，不够予以添加
addSwap(){
  swap_zize=`free | grep Swap | awk '{print $2 / 1024 / 1024}'`
  swap_zize=${swap_zize%.*}
  if [ ${swap_zize} -lt 1 ]
	then 
		wlog '交换空间小于1G,正在为您扩充交换空间...'
		dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/swap bs=1024k count=1024 >> ${oracle_log_file} 2>&1
		mkswap /root/swap >> ${oracle_log_file} 2>&1
		swapon /root/swap >> ${oracle_log_file} 2>&1
		echo "/sbin/swapon /root/swap" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
  fi
}

#添加oracle12c需要的依赖
installDependence(){
  wlog "正在安装数据库依赖环境..."
  yum -y install libnsl.x86_64 binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33* elfutilslibelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc* glibc glibc-devel glibc-devel* ksh libgcc* libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel* libaio libaio* libaio-devel libaio-devel*.i686 make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC* unixODBC-devel unixODBCdevel* libXp unzip wget vim epel-release >> ${oracle_log_file} 2>&1
  wlog "数据库依赖环境已完成"
}

#添加oracle用户组以及用户
addOracleUserAndGroup(){
  groupadd oinstall
  groupadd dba
  groupadd oper
  useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
  wlog "oracle用户以及用户组已创建，使用oracle用户时自行修改密码"
}

#修改环境变量
modifyEnvironment(){
  echo "${host_ip} ${host_name}" >> /etc/hosts
  sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/" /etc/selinux/config 
  setenforce 0
  wlog "已关闭selinux"
  cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf.bak_`date "+%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S"`
  echo "fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
  echo "fs.file-max = 6815744" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
  echo "kernel.shmall = 1073741824" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
  echo "kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
  echo "kernel.shmmni = 4096" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
  echo "kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
  echo "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
  echo "net.core.rmem_default = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
  echo "net.core.rmem_max = 4194304" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
  echo "net.core.wmem_default = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
  echo "net.core.wmem_max = 1048576" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
  sysctl -p >> ${oracle_log_file} 2>&1
  wlog "/etc/sysctl.conf文件已经备份且修改为oracle官方要求的最小值"
  
  cp /etc/security/limits.conf /etc/security/limits.conf.bak_`date "+%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S"`
  echo "oracle soft nproc 10240" >> /etc/security/limits.conf
  echo "oracle hard nproc 10240" >> /etc/security/limits.conf
  echo "oracle soft nofile 65536" >> /etc/security/limits.conf
  echo "oracle hard nofile 65536" >> /etc/security/limits.conf
  wlog "/etc/security/limits.conf文件已经备份且修改为oracle官方要求的最小值"
  
  cp /etc/pam.d/login /etc/pam.d/login_`date "+%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S"`
  echo "session  required      pam_limits.so" >>  /etc/pam.d/login
  wlog "/etc/pam.d/login已修改，添加session  required      pam_limits.so"
  
  # echo "if [ $USER = ""oracle"" ]; then" >>  /etc/profile
  # echo "  if [ $SHELL = ""/bin/ksh"" ]; then" >>  /etc/profile
  # echo "    ulimit -p 16384" >>  /etc/profile
  # echo "    ulimit -n 65536" >>  /etc/profile
  # echo "  else" >>  /etc/profile
  # echo "    ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536" >>  /etc/profile
  # echo "  fi" >>  /etc/profile
  # echo "fi" >>  /etc/profile
  # source /etc/profile
  # wlog "/etc/profile已修改，限制其他用户使用"
}

showBar(){
  i=$1
  jj=0
  ((jj=i+3))
  jj=`echo "$i $jj"|awk '{printf "%d\n",$1/$2*100}'`
  msg=$2
  b=`echo "" | sed ":a; s/^/-/; /-\{${jj}\}/b; ta"`
  b="${b}>"
  if [ $msg == "执行中" ]
    then	  
	  printf "[%-101s] %d%% %3s \r" "$b" "$jj" "$msg";
  else
      jj=100
	  b=`echo "" | sed ":a; s/^/-/; /-\{${jj}\}/b; ta"`
	  b="${b}>"
      printf "[%-101s] %d%% %3s \n" "$b" "$jj" "$msg";
  fi
}

function installOracle(){
  wlog "#########开始安装oracle数据库#########" "green"

  rm -rf ${oracle_unzip}/database >> ${oracle_log_file} 2>&1
  wlog "开始解压oracle数据库文件..."
  unzip ${oracle_file} -d ${oracle_unzip}/ >> ${oracle_log_file} 2>&1
  chown oracle:oinstall -R ${oracle_unzip}
 # mkdir -p ${oracle_home}
 # chown -R oracle:oinstall ${oracle_home}
 # chmod -R 775 ${oracle_home}

  wlog "oracle数据库文件解压完毕"
  echo "export TMP=/tmp" >>  /home/oracle/.bash_profile
  echo "export TMPDIR=\$TMP" >>  /home/oracle/.bash_profile
  echo "export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=${host_name}" >>  /home/oracle/.bash_profile
  echo "export ORACLE_UNQNAME=${oracle_instance_name}" >>  /home/oracle/.bash_profile
  echo "export ORACLE_BASE=${oracle_base}" >>  /home/oracle/.bash_profile
  echo "export ORACLE_HOME=${oracle_home}" >>  /home/oracle/.bash_profile
  echo "export ORACLE_SID=${oracle_instance_name}" >>  /home/oracle/.bash_profile
  echo "export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH" >>  /home/oracle/.bash_profile
  echo "export PATH=\${ORACLE_HOME}/bin:\$PATH" >>  /home/oracle/.bash_profile
  echo "export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib" >>  /home/oracle/.bash_profile
  echo "export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib" >>  /home/oracle/.bash_profile
  echo "export NLS_LANG=\"SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK\"" >>  /home/oracle/.bash_profile

  
  source /home/oracle/.bash_profile
  wlog "oracle环境变量已经配置"  
  
  wlog "正在修改安装文件......"
  a[0]="oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY"
  a[1]="UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall"
  a[2]="INVENTORY_LOCATION=${oracle_base}/oraInventory"
  a[3]="ORACLE_HOME=${oracle_home}"
  a[4]="ORACLE_BASE=${oracle_base}"
  a[5]="oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE"
  a[6]="oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba"
  a[7]="oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oper"
  a[8]="oracle.install.db.BACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba"
  a[9]="oracle.install.db.DGDBA_GROUP=dba"
  a[10]="oracle.install.db.KMDBA_GROUP=dba"
  a[11]="oracle.install.db.RACDBA_GROUP=dba"
  a[12]="oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE"
  a[13]="oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=${oracle_instance_name}"
  a[14]="oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=${oracle_instance_name}"
  a[15]="oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=ZHS16GBK"
  a[16]="SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false"
  a[17]="DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true"
  for i in ${a[*]}; do
    sed -i "s#^${i%%=*}=.*#${i}#" "${oracle_unzip}/database/response/db_install.rsp"
  done
  wlog "修改安装文文件完毕......"
  #rm -rf ${oracle_file}
  

  wlog "开始安装数据库..."
  su - oracle <<EOF 
  cd ${oracle_unzip}/database
  if [ -f oracle_install_log.out ]
    then
      rm oracle_install_log.out
  fi
  nohup ./runInstaller -force -silent -noconfig -responseFile ${oracle_unzip}/database/response/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq >> oracle_install_log.out &
EOF
  
  ii=0
  while true
  do
    sleep 1
	egrep -e "FATAL|Failed" ${oracle_unzip}/database/oracle_install_log.out
	msg=$?
	if [ "$msg" == '0' ]
	  then
		showBar ${ii} "失败"
		exit
	fi
	grep "Successfully Setup Software." ${oracle_unzip}/database/oracle_install_log.out >> ${oracle_log_file} 2>&1
	msg=$?	
	if [ "$msg" == '0' ]
	  then
		showBar 100 "成功"
		wlog "oracle数据库安装成功" "green"
		break
	fi
	showBar ${ii} "执行中"
	((ii=ii+2))
  done
  
  `grep "orainstRoot.sh" ${oracle_unzip}/database/oracle_install_log.out  >> ${oracle_log_file} 2>&1`
  `grep "root.sh" ${oracle_unzip}/database/oracle_install_log.out  >> ${oracle_log_file} 2>&1`
  su - oracle -c "netca /silent /responsefile ${oracle_unzip}/database/response/netca.rsp" >> ${oracle_log_file} 2>&1
  
  wlog "oracle数据库初始化完成" "green"
  
}

function installIntance(){
  wlog "#########开始安装oracle数据库单实例#########" "green"
  wlog "正在修改数据库实例配置文件......"
  rm -rf ${oracle_unzip}/database/response/dbca.rsp
  echo "[GENERAL]" >>  ${oracle_unzip}/database/response/dbca.rsp
  echo "RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0" " >>  ${oracle_unzip}/database/response/dbca.rsp
  echo "OPERATION_TYPE =  "createDatabase"" >>  ${oracle_unzip}/database/response/dbca.rsp
  echo "[CREATEDATABASE]" >>  ${oracle_unzip}/database/response/dbca.rsp
  echo "GDBNAME=${oracle_instance_name}" >>  ${oracle_unzip}/database/response/dbca.rsp
  echo "SID=${oracle_instance_name}" >>  ${oracle_unzip}/database/response/dbca.rsp
  echo "TEMPLATENAME =  "General_Purpose.dbc"" >>  ${oracle_unzip}/database/response/dbca.rsp
  echo "SYSPASSWORD=${oracle_password}" >>  ${oracle_unzip}/database/response/dbca.rsp
  echo "SYSTEMPASSWORD=${oracle_password}" >>  ${oracle_unzip}/database/response/dbca.rsp
  echo "DATAFILEJARLOCATION=${ORACLE_HOME}/assistants/dbca/templates/" >>  ${oracle_unzip}/database/response/dbca.rsp
  echo "AUTOMATICMEMORYMANAGEMENT=TRUE" >>  ${oracle_unzip}/database/response/dbca.rsp
  echo "CHARACTERSET=ZHS16GBK" >>  ${oracle_unzip}/database/response/dbca.rsp
  echo "NATIONALCHARACTERSET=AL16UTF16" >>  ${oracle_unzip}/database/response/dbca.rsp
  echo "TOTALMEMORY=30000" >>  ${oracle_unzip}/database/response/dbca.rsp
  echo "RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=${ORACLE_BASE}/flash_recovery_area" >>  ${oracle_unzip}/database/response/dbca.rsp
  echo "STORAGETYPE="FS"" >>  ${oracle_unzip}/database/response/dbca.rsp
  echo "LISTENERS=LISTENER" >>  ${oracle_unzip}/database/response/dbca.rsp

  # a[1]="GDBNAME=${oracle_instance_name}"
  # a[2]="SID=${oracle_instance_name}"
  # a[3]="RESPONSEFILE_VERSION=11.2.0"
  # a[4]="OPERATION_TYPE=createDatabase"
  # a[5]="TEMPLATENAME=General_Purpose.dbc"
  # a[6]="SYSPASSWORD=${oracle_password}"
  # a[7]="SYSTEMPASSWORD=${oracle_password}"
  # a[8]="DATAFILEJARLOCATION=${ORACLE_HOME}/assistants/dbca/templates/"
  # a[9]="DATAFILEDESTINATION=${ORACLE_BASE}/oradata/"
  # a[10]="CHARACTERSET=ZHS16GBK"
  # a[11]="NATIONALCHARACTERSET=AL16UTF16"
  # a[12]="MEMORYPERCENTAGE=40"
  # a[13]="AUTOMATICMEMORYMANAGEMENT=FALSE"
  # a[14]="TOTALMEMORY=30000"
  # a[15]="RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=${ORACLE_BASE}/flash_recovery_area"
  # a[16]="LISTENERS=LISTENER"
  # a[17]="STORAGETYPE="FS""
  # for i in ${a[*]}; do
  #   sed -i "s#^${i%%=*}=.*#${i}#" "${oracle_unzip}/database/response/dbca.rsp"
  # done
  wlog "修改数据库实例配置文件完毕......"
  su - oracle -c "dbca -silent   -responseFile ${oracle_unzip}/database/response/dbca.rsp" >> ${oracle_log_file} 2>&1
  su - oracle -c "mkdir -p ${oracle_home}/oradata/${oracle_instance_name}/" >> ${oracle_log_file} 2>&1
  wlog "oracle数据库实例安装完成！" "green"
}
addBootstrap(){
  sed -i "s/^ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=.*/ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=\$ORACLE_HOME/" ${oracle_home}/bin/dbstart
  sed -i "s/^ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=.*/ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=\$ORACLE_HOME/" ${oracle_home}/bin/dbshut
  rm -rf /etc/oratab 
  echo "${oracle_instance_name}:${oracle_home}:Y" >>  /etc/oratab
  cat >>/etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle<<EOF
#!/bin/bash
# whoami # root 
# chkconfig: 345 51 49  
# description: starts the oracle dabasedeamons 
# 
ORACLE_HOME=${oracle_home}
ORACLE_OWNER=oracle 
ORACLE_DESC=oracledatabase
case "\$1" in 
'start') 
echo -n \"Starting \${ORACLE_DESC}:\" 
runuser - \$ORACLE_OWNER -c '\$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start' 
runuser - \$ORACLE_OWNER -c '\$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart' 
runuser - \$ORACLE_OWNER -c '\$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl start dbconsole' 
touch \${ORACLE_LOCK} 
echo 
;; 
'stop') 
echo -n "shutting down \${ORACLE_DESC}: " 
runuser - \$ORACLE_OWNER -c '\$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop' 
runuser - \$ORACLE_OWNER -c '\$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut' 
rm -f \${ORACLE_LOCK} 
echo  
;; 
'restart') 
echo -n "restarting \${ORACLE_DESC}:" 
\$0 stop 
\$0 start 
echo 
;; 
*)  
echo "usage: \$0 { start | stop | restart }" 
exit 1 
esac 
exit 0
EOF
  chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle
  chkconfig --add oracle
}

main(){
  clear
  cat null > ${oracle_log_file}
  chmod 777 ${oracle_log_file}
  wlog "开始为您一键安装oracle数据库，请确认一下信息" "green"
  wlog "Oracle版本号：${oracle_version}"
  wlog "Oracle主目录：${oracle_base}"
  wlog "Oracle安装目录：${oracle_home}"
  wlog "Oracle数据库实例名称：${oracle_instance_name}"
  wlog "Oracle数据库系统用户初始密码：${oracle_password}"
  wlog "Oracle数据库解压目录：${oracle_unzip}"
  wlog "Oracle数据库安装文件：${oracle_file}"
  wlog "安装详细日志文件：${oracle_log_file}"
  wlog "确认以此参数安装，请输入Y，开始安装，修改参数请按其他任意键结束安装:" "red"
  read -t 10 confirm_str
  if [ "$confirm_str" != 'y' ] && [ "$confirm_str" != 'Y' ];
    then
	  echo ""
	  wlog "一键安装oracle数据库已停止，您可以再修改完参数后再次执行。" "red"
	  exit
  fi
  if [ $(id -u) != "0" ];
    then 
      wlog "Oracle数据库安装需要以root用户执行!" "red"
    exit
  fi
  
  if [ ! -f ${oracle_file} ];
    then 
      wlog "Oracle数据库文件不存在!" "red"
      exit 
  fi
  wlog "#########开始初始化安装环境#########" "green"  

  installDependence

  modifyEnvironment
  
  addSwap
  
  addShm
  
  addOracleUserAndGroup
  
  installOracle
  
  installIntance
  
  addBootstrap
  wlog "已为您添加自启动脚本..." "green"
  
  wlog "安装程序已全部结束，请留意防火墙状态并尝试连接数据库进行测试" "red"
  wlog "关闭防火墙命令：    systemctl stop firewalld" "green"
  wlog "关闭数据库命令：    service oracle stop" "green"
  wlog "开启数据库命令：    service oracle start" "green"
  wlog "重启数据库命令：    service oracle restart" "green"
  wlog "您的数据库连接地址：${host_ip}:1521/${oracle_instance_name}" "green"
  wlog "管理员用户名：      system" "green"
  wlog "初始密码：          ${oracle_password}" "green"
}

main

执行脚本 -h 查看帮助文档

oracle11g一键安装脚本

寻找缺失的依赖包

解决思路

找同系统版本未安装Oracle的数据库

配置网络yum源

使用yum downloadonly 命令 下载包

yum install --downloadonly binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 glibc glibc.i686 glibc-devel glibc-devel.i686 ksh libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 libX11 libX11.i686 libXau libXau.i686 libXi libXi.i686 libXtst libXtst.i686 libgcc libgcc.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel.i686 libxcb libxcb.i686 make nfs-utils net-tools smartmontools sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel gcc gcc-c++ libXext libXext.i686 zlib-devel zlib-devel.i686 unzip wget vim epel-release --downloaddir=/oralcepkg

打包传输到需要安装Oracle的服务器

解压后 yum -y install *