前言:三种安装方法
官方参考:Install Docker Engine on Ubuntu
1.使用 repository 安装(本文)
2.使用脚本快速安装
$ curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
$ sudo sh get-docker.sh
3.下载软件包离线安装
$ sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc
当前称为 Docker Engine 软件包 docker-ce 。
更新 apt 包索引。
$ sudo apt-get update
安装 apt 依赖包,用于通过HTTPS来获取仓库:
$ sudo apt-get install \
apt-transport-https \
ca-certificates \
curl \
gnupg-agent \
software-properties-common
添加 Docker 的官方 GPG 密钥:
$ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
OK
9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88 通过搜索指纹的后8个字符,验证您现在是否拥有带有指纹的密钥。
$ sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88
pub rsa4096 2017-02-22 [SCEA]
9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88
uid [ unknown] Docker Release (CE deb) [email protected]
sub rsa4096 2017-02-22 [S]
使用以下指令设置官方稳定版仓库
$ sudo add-apt-repository \
"deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
$(lsb_release -cs) \
stable"
提示:删除命令 add-apt-repository --remove
或者,使用阿里云镜像仓库
sudo add-apt-repository \
"deb [arch=amd64] https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu \
$(lsb_release -cs) \
stable"
注意:目前 20.04 还没有官方仓库和国内镜像,暂时用 18.04 版本。
当前日期:2020.05.03
$ sudo apt-get update
安装最新版本的 Docker Engine 和 containerd
$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
安装特定版本的 Docker Engine:
a. 列出可用版本:
$ apt-cache madison docker-ce
docker-ce | 5:19.03.83-0ubuntu-bionic | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
docker-ce | 5:19.03.83-0ubuntu-bionic | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
docker-ce | 18.06.3ce3-0~ubuntu | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
docker-ce | 18.06.3ce3-0~ubuntu | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages
…
b. 使用第二列的版本号安装指定版本, 例如: 5:19.03.83-0ubuntu-bionic
$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce= docker-ce-cli= containerd.io
$ sudo docker run hello-world
该命令将下载一个测试镜像并运行一个容器,容器运行后输出如下信息并退出。
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
0e03bdcc26d7: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:8e3114318a995a1ee497790535e7b88365222a21771ae7e53687ad76563e8e76
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest
Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
(amd64)
3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
to your terminal.
To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
$ docker run -it ubuntu bash
Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
https://hub.docker.com/
For more examples and ideas, visit:
https://docs.docker.com/get-started/
$ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
重启 Docker
$ sudo systemctl restart docker
退出当前用户重新登录
sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo echo '
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://registry.docker-cn.com"]
}
' > /etc/docker/daemon.json
# 可以考虑多个镜像
sudo echo '
{
"registry-mirrors": [
"https://hub-mirror.c.163.com",
"https://reg-mirror.qiniu.com",
"https://registry.docker-cn.com"
]
}
' > /etc/docker/daemon.json
阿里云容器,生成自己的加速地址
登录:https://cr.console.aliyun.com/
点击“创建我的容器镜像”,得到专属加速地址。