数据分片概述、环境准备、部署MyCAT服务、全局表、分片表、ER表

Top

NSD DBA DAY08

1. 案例1：部署mycat服务
2. 案例2：测试配置

1 案例1：部署mycat服务

1.1 问题

1. 把主机mysql60 配置为 MySQL59 的从服务器
2. 把主机mysql62 配置为 MySQL61 的从服务器
3. 把主机mycat63 配置为mycat服务器
4. 客户端192.168.88.50访问mycat服务

1.2 方案

准备6台虚拟机，具体配置如表-1

1.3 步骤

实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

步骤一：把MySQL60配置为MySQL59的从服务器

1）配置主服务器MySQL59

 

1. //启用binlog日志
2. [root@mysql59 ~]# yum –y install mysql-server mysql
3. [root@mysql59 ~]# systemctl start mysqld
4. [root@mysql59 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-server.cnf
5. [mysqld]
6. server-id=59
7. log-bin=mysql59
8. :wq
9. [root@mysql59 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
10. //用户授权
11. [root@mysql59 ~]# mysql
12. mysql> create user repluser@"%" identified by "123qqq...A"; 创建用户
13. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)
14. mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to repluser@"%"; 授予权限
15. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)
16. //查看日志信息
17. mysql> show master status;
18. +----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
19. | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
20. +----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
21. | mysql59.000001 | 667 | | | |
22. +----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
23. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

2）配置slave服务器MySQL60

1. //指定server-id 并重启数据库服务
2. [root@mysql60 ~]# yum –y install mysql-serv    er mysql
3. [root@mysql60 ~]# systemctl start mysqld
4. [root@mysql60 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-server.cnf
5. [mysqld]
6. server-id=60
7. :wq
8. [root@mysql60 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
9. //登陆服务指定主服务器信息
10. [root@mysql60 ~]# mysql
11. mysql> change master to master_host="192.168.88.59" , master_user="repluser" , master_password="123qqq...A" ,master_log_file="mysql59.000001" , master_log_pos=667;
12. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 8 warnings (0.34 sec)
13. //启动slave进程
14. mysql> start slave ;
15. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.04 sec)
16. //查看状态信息
17. mysql> show slave status \G
18. *************************** 1. row ***************************
19. Slave_IO_State: Waiting for source to send event
20. Master_Host: 192.168.88.59
21. Master_User: repluser
22. Master_Port: 3306
23. Connect_Retry: 60
24. Master_Log_File: mysql59.000001
25. Read_Master_Log_Pos: 667
26. Relay_Log_File: mysql60-relay-bin.000002
27. Relay_Log_Pos: 322
28. Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql59.000001
29. Slave_IO_Running: Yes //IO线程
30. Slave_SQL_Running: Yes //SQL线程
31. Replicate_Do_DB:
32. Replicate_Ignore_DB:
33. Replicate_Do_Table:
34. Replicate_Ignore_Table:
35. Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
36. Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
37. Last_Errno: 0
38. Last_Error:
39. Skip_Counter: 0
40. Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 667
41. Relay_Log_Space: 533
42. Until_Condition: None
43. Until_Log_File:
44. Until_Log_Pos: 0
45. Master_SSL_Allowed: No
46. Master_SSL_CA_File:
47. Master_SSL_CA_Path:
48. Master_SSL_Cert:
49. Master_SSL_Cipher:
50. Master_SSL_Key:
51. Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
52. Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
53. Last_IO_Errno: 0
54. Last_IO_Error:
55. Last_SQL_Errno: 0
56. Last_SQL_Error:
57. Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
58. Master_Server_Id: 59
59. Master_UUID: 38c02165-005e-11ee-bd2d-525400007271
60. Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
61. SQL_Delay: 0
62. SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
63. Slave_SQL_Running_State: Replica has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
64. Master_Retry_Count: 86400
65. Master_Bind:
66. Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
67. Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
68. Master_SSL_Crl:
69. Master_SSL_Crlpath:
70. Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
71. Executed_Gtid_Set:
72. Auto_Position: 0
73. Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
74. Channel_Name:
75. Master_TLS_Version:
76. Master_public_key_path:
77. Get_master_public_key: 0
78. Network_Namespace:
79. 1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
80. mysql>

步骤二：把MySQL62配置为MySQL61的从服务器

1）配置主服务器MySQL61

1. //启用binlog日志
2. [root@mysql61 ~]# yum –y install mysql-server mysql
3. [root@mysql61 ~]# systemctl start mysqld
4. [root@mysql61 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-server.cnf
5. [mysqld]
6. server-id=61
7. log-bin=mysql61
8. :wq
9. [root@mysql61 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
10. //用户授权
11. [root@mysql61 ~]# mysql
12. mysql> create user repluser@"%" identified by "123qqq...A"; 创建用户
13. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)
14. mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to repluser@"%"; 授予权限
15. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)
16. //查看日志信息
17. mysql> show master status;
18. +----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
19. | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
20. +----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
21. | mysql61.000001 | 667 | | | |
22. +----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
23. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

2）配置slave服务器MySQL62

1. //指定server-id 并重启数据库服务
2. [root@mysql62 ~]# yum –y install mysql-server mysql
3. [root@mysql62 ~]# systemctl start mysqld
4. [root@mysql62 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-server.cnf
5. [mysqld]
6. server-id=62
7. :wq
8. [root@mysql62 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
9. //登陆服务指定主服务器信息
10. [root@mysql62 ~]# mysql
11. mysql> change master to master_host="192.168.88.61" , master_user="repluser" , master_password="123qqq...A" ,master_log_file="mysql61.000001" , master_log_pos=667;
12. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 8 warnings (0.34 sec)
13. //启动slave进程
14. mysql> start slave ;
15. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.04 sec)
16. //查看状态信息
17. mysql> show slave status \G
18. *************************** 1. row ***************************
19. Slave_IO_State: Waiting for source to send event
20. Master_Host: 192.168.88.61
21. Master_User: repluser
22. Master_Port: 3306
23. Connect_Retry: 60
24. Master_Log_File: mysql61.000001
25. Read_Master_Log_Pos: 667
26. Relay_Log_File: mysql62-relay-bin.000002
27. Relay_Log_Pos: 322
28. Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql61.000001
29. Slave_IO_Running: Yes //IO线程
30. Slave_SQL_Running: Yes //SQL线程
31. Replicate_Do_DB:
32. Replicate_Ignore_DB:
33. Replicate_Do_Table:
34. Replicate_Ignore_Table:
35. Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
36. Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
37. Last_Errno: 0
38. Last_Error:
39. Skip_Counter: 0
40. Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 667
41. Relay_Log_Space: 533
42. Until_Condition: None
43. Until_Log_File:
44. Until_Log_Pos: 0
45. Master_SSL_Allowed: No
46. Master_SSL_CA_File:
47. Master_SSL_CA_Path:
48. Master_SSL_Cert:
49. Master_SSL_Cipher:
50. Master_SSL_Key:
51. Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
52. Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
53. Last_IO_Errno: 0
54. Last_IO_Error:
55. Last_SQL_Errno: 0
56. Last_SQL_Error:
57. Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
58. Master_Server_Id: 61
59. Master_UUID: 38c02165-005e-11ee-bd2d-525400007271
60. Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
61. SQL_Delay: 0
62. SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
63. Slave_SQL_Running_State: Replica has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
64. Master_Retry_Count: 86400
65. Master_Bind:
66. Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
67. Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
68. Master_SSL_Crl:
69. Master_SSL_Crlpath:
70. Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
71. Executed_Gtid_Set:
72. Auto_Position: 0
73. Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
74. Channel_Name:
75. Master_TLS_Version:
76. Master_public_key_path:
77. Get_master_public_key: 0
78. Network_Namespace:
79. 1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
80. mysql>

步骤三：把主机mycat63配置为mycat服务器。

1)拷贝软件到mycat63主机

1. [root@server1 ~]# scp /linux-soft/s3/mycat2-1.21-release-jar-with-dependencies.jar [email protected]:/root/
2. [root@server1 ~]# scp /linux-soft/s3/mycat2-install-template-1.21.zip [email protected]:/root/

2)安装mycat软件

1. //安装jdk
2. [root@mycat63 ~]# yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64
3. //安装mycat
4. [root@mycat63 ~]# which unzip || yum -y install unzip
5. [root@mycat63 ~]# unzip mycat2-install-template-1.21.zip
6. [root@mycat63 ~]# mv mycat /usr/local/
7. //安装依赖
8. [root@mycat63 ~]# cp mycat2-1.21-release-jar-with-dependencies.jar /usr/local/mycat/lib/
9. //修改权限
10. [root@mycat63 ~]# chmod -R 777 /usr/local/mycat/

3)定义客户端连接时使用的用户：

1. [root@mycat63 ~]# vim /usr/local/mycat/conf/users/root.user.json
2. {
3. "dialect":"mysql",
4. "ip":null,
5. "password":"654321",
6. "transactionType":"proxy",
7. "username":"mycat"
8. }
9. :wq

1. 定义连接的数据库服务

1. [root@mycat63 ~]# vim /usr/local/mycat/conf/datasources/prototypeDs.data
2. {
3. "dbType":"mysql",
4. "idleTimeout":60000,
5. "initSqls":[],
6. "initSqlsGetConnection":true,
7. "instanceType":"READ_WRITE",
8. "maxCon":1000,
9. "maxConnectTimeout":3000,
10. "maxRetryCount":5,
11. "minCon":1,
12. "name":"prototypeDs",
13. "password":"123456", 密码
14. "type":"JDBC",
15. "url":"jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql?useUnicode=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&characterEncoding=UTF-8", 连接本机的数据库服务
16. "user":"plj", 用户名
17. "weight":0
18. }
19. :wq

5)在mycat63主机运行数据库服务

1. [root@mycat63 ~]# yum -y install mysql-server mysql
2. [root@mycat63 ~]# systemctl start mysqld
3. //创建plj用户
4. [root@mycat63 ~]# mysql
5. mysql> create user plj@"%" identified by "123456"; 创建用户
6. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
7. mysql> grant all on *.* to plj@"%" ; 授予权限
8. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.39 sec)
9. mysql> exit
10. Bye
11. [root@mycat63 ~]#

6)启动mycat服务

1. [root@mycat63 ~]# /usr/local/mycat/bin/mycat help
2. Usage: /usr/local/mycat/bin/mycat { console | start | stop | restart | status | dump }
3. [root@mycat63 ~]# /usr/local/mycat/bin/mycat start
4. Starting mycat2...
5. //半分钟左右 能看到端口
6. [root@mycat63 ~]# netstat -utnlp | grep 8066
7. tcp6 0 0 :::8066 :::* LISTEN 57015/java
8. [root@mycat63 ~]#

步骤四：连接mycat服务器

1）连接本机的mycat服务

1. [root@mycat63 ~]# mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P8066 -umycat -p654321
2. mysql> show databases;
3. +--------------------+
4. | `Database` |
5. +--------------------+
6. | information_schema |
7. | mysql |
8. | performance_schema |
9. +--------------------+
10. 3 rows in set (0.11 sec)
11. Mysql>

步骤五：添加数据源

1）连接本机的mycat服务，添加数据源

1. [root@mycat63 ~]# mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P8066 -umycat -p654321
2. //添加MySQL59
3. MySQL>/*+ mycat:createdatasource{
4. "name":"dw0", "url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.59:3306","user":"plj","password":"123456"}*/;
5. //添加MySQL60
6. Mysql>/*+ mycat:createdatasource{
7. "name":"dr0", "url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.60:3306","user":"plj","password":"123456"}*/;
8. //添加MySQL61
9. Mysql>/*+ mycat:createdatasource{
10. "name":"dw1", "url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.61:3306","user":"plj","password":"123456"}*/;
11. //添加MySQL62
12. Mysql>/*+ mycat:createdatasource{
13. "name":"dr1", "url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.62:3306","user":"plj","password":"123456"}*/;
14. Mysql>

2）查看存放目录

1. [root@mycat63 ~]# ls /usr/local/mycat/conf/datasources/
2. dr0.datasource.json dr1.datasource.json dw0.datasource.json dw1.datasource.json prototypeDs.datasource.json

3）查看数据信息

1. mysql> /*+mycat:showDataSources{}*/ \G
2. *************************** 1. row ***************************
3. NAME: dw0
4. USERNAME: plj
5. PASSWORD: 123456
6. MAX_CON: 1000
7. MIN_CON: 1
8. EXIST_CON: 0
9. USE_CON: 0
10. MAX_RETRY_COUNT: 5
11. MAX_CONNECT_TIMEOUT: 30000
12. DB_TYPE: mysql
13. URL: jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.59:3306?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true
14. WEIGHT: 0
15. INIT_SQL:
16. INIT_SQL_GET_CONNECTION: true
17. INSTANCE_TYPE: READ_WRITE
18. IDLE_TIMEOUT: 60000
19. DRIVER: {
20. CreateTime:"2023-05-08 16:10:26",
21. ActiveCount:0,
22. PoolingCount:0,
23. CreateCount:0,
24. DestroyCount:0,
25. CloseCount:0,
26. ConnectCount:0,
27. Connections:[
28. ]
29. }
30. TYPE: JDBC
31. IS_MYSQL: true
32. *************************** 2. row ***************************
33. NAME: dw1
34. USERNAME: plj
35. PASSWORD: 123456
36. MAX_CON: 1000
37. MIN_CON: 1
38. EXIST_CON: 0
39. USE_CON: 0
40. MAX_RETRY_COUNT: 5
41. MAX_CONNECT_TIMEOUT: 30000
42. DB_TYPE: mysql
43. URL: jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.61:3306?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true
44. WEIGHT: 0
45. INIT_SQL:
46. INIT_SQL_GET_CONNECTION: true
47. INSTANCE_TYPE: READ_WRITE
48. IDLE_TIMEOUT: 60000
49. DRIVER: {
50. CreateTime:"2023-05-08 16:10:26",
51. ActiveCount:0,
52. PoolingCount:0,
53. CreateCount:0,
54. DestroyCount:0,
55. CloseCount:0,
56. ConnectCount:0,
57. Connections:[
58. ]
59. }
60. TYPE: JDBC
61. IS_MYSQL: true
62. *************************** 3. row ***************************
63. NAME: dr0
64. USERNAME: plj
65. PASSWORD: 123456
66. MAX_CON: 1000
67. MIN_CON: 1
68. EXIST_CON: 0
69. USE_CON: 0
70. MAX_RETRY_COUNT: 5
71. MAX_CONNECT_TIMEOUT: 30000
72. DB_TYPE: mysql
73. URL: jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.61:3306?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true
74. WEIGHT: 0
75. INIT_SQL:
76. INIT_SQL_GET_CONNECTION: true
77. INSTANCE_TYPE: READ_WRITE
78. IDLE_TIMEOUT: 60000
79. DRIVER: {
80. CreateTime:"2023-05-08 16:10:26",
81. ActiveCount:0,
82. PoolingCount:0,
83. CreateCount:0,
84. DestroyCount:0,
85. CloseCount:0,
86. ConnectCount:0,
87. Connections:[
88. ]
89. }
90. TYPE: JDBC
91. IS_MYSQL: true
92. *************************** 4. row ***************************
93. NAME: dr1
94. USERNAME: plj
95. PASSWORD: 123456
96. MAX_CON: 1000
97. MIN_CON: 1
98. EXIST_CON: 0
99. USE_CON: 0
100. MAX_RETRY_COUNT: 5
101. MAX_CONNECT_TIMEOUT: 30000
102. DB_TYPE: mysql
103. URL: jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.62:3306?useUnicode=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true
104. WEIGHT: 0
105. INIT_SQL:
106. INIT_SQL_GET_CONNECTION: true
107. INSTANCE_TYPE: READ_WRITE
108. IDLE_TIMEOUT: 60000
109. DRIVER: {
110. CreateTime:"2023-05-08 16:10:26",
111. ActiveCount:0,
112. PoolingCount:0,
113. CreateCount:0,
114. DestroyCount:0,
115. CloseCount:0,
116. ConnectCount:0,
117. Connections:[
118. ]
119. }
120. TYPE: JDBC
121. IS_MYSQL: true
122. *************************** 5. row ***************************
123. NAME: prototypeDs
124. USERNAME: plj
125. PASSWORD: 123456
126. MAX_CON: 1000
127. MIN_CON: 1
128. EXIST_CON: 0
129. USE_CON: 0
130. MAX_RETRY_COUNT: 5
131. MAX_CONNECT_TIMEOUT: 3000
132. DB_TYPE: mysql
133. URL: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true
134. WEIGHT: 0
135. INIT_SQL:
136. INIT_SQL_GET_CONNECTION: true
137. INSTANCE_TYPE: READ_WRITE
138. IDLE_TIMEOUT: 60000
139. DRIVER: {
140. CreateTime:"2023-05-08 16:10:26",
141. ActiveCount:0,
142. PoolingCount:0,
143. CreateCount:0,
144. DestroyCount:0,
145. CloseCount:0,
146. ConnectCount:0,
147. Connections:[
148. ]
149. }
150. TYPE: JDBC
151. IS_MYSQL: true
152. 5 rows in set (0.07 sec)
154. mysql>

步骤六：配置数据库服务器

1）在主服务器添加plj用户

1. [root@mysql59 ~]# mysql
2. mysql> create user plj@"%" identified by "123456";
3. Mysql> grant all on *.* to plj@"%";
4. [root@mysql61 ~]# mysql
5. mysql> create user plj@"%" identified by "123456";
6. Mysql> grant all on *.* to plj@"%";

2）在从服务器查看用户是否同步

1. [root@mysql60 ~]# mysql -e 'select user from mysql.user where user="plj"'
2. +------+
3. | user |
4. +------+
5. | plj |
6. +------+
7. [root@mysql60 ~]#
9. [root@mysql62 ~]# mysql -e 'select user from mysql.user where user="plj"'
10. +------+
11. | user |
12. +------+
13. | plj |
14. +------+
15. [root@host62 ~]#

步骤七：创建集群

1）连接本机的mycat服务,创建集群

1. [root@mycat63 ~]# mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P8066 -umycat -p654321
2. mysql> /*!mycat:createcluster{"name":"c0","masters":["dw0"],"replicas":["dr0"]}*/;
4. mysql> /*!mycat:createcluster{"name":"c1","masters":["dw1"],"replicas":["dr1"]}*/;
5. Mysql>

2）创建的集群保存在mycat安装目录下

1. [root@MySQL63 ~]# ls /usr/local/mycat/conf/clusters/
2. c0.cluster.json c1.cluster.json prototype.cluster.json
3. [root@mycat63 ~]#

3）查看集群信息

1. mysql> /*+ mycat:showClusters{}*/ \G
2. *************************** 1. row ***************************
3. NAME: prototype
4. SWITCH_TYPE: SWITCH
5. MAX_REQUEST_COUNT: 200
6. TYPE: BALANCE_ALL
7. WRITE_DS: prototypeDs
8. READ_DS: prototypeDs
9. WRITE_L: io.mycat.plug.loadBalance.BalanceRandom$1
10. READ_L: io.mycat.plug.loadBalance.BalanceRandom$1
11. AVAILABLE: true
12. *************************** 2. row ***************************
13. NAME: c0
14. SWITCH_TYPE: SWITCH
15. MAX_REQUEST_COUNT: 2000
16. TYPE: BALANCE_ALL
17. WRITE_DS: dw0
18. READ_DS: dw0,dr0
19. WRITE_L: io.mycat.plug.loadBalance.BalanceRandom$1
20. READ_L: io.mycat.plug.loadBalance.BalanceRandom$1
21. AVAILABLE: true
22. *************************** 3. row ***************************
23. NAME: c1
24. SWITCH_TYPE: SWITCH
25. MAX_REQUEST_COUNT: 2000
26. TYPE: BALANCE_ALL
27. WRITE_DS: dw1
28. READ_DS: dw1,dr1
29. WRITE_L: io.mycat.plug.loadBalance.BalanceRandom$1
30. READ_L: io.mycat.plug.loadBalance.BalanceRandom$1
31. AVAILABLE: true
32. 3 rows in set (0.03 sec)
34. mysql>

2 案例2：测试配置

2.1 问题

• 练习全局表
• 练习分片表
• 练习ER表

2.2 方案

在客户端client50 连接mycat63 存储数据 ，验证mycat63的配置

2.3 步骤

实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

步骤一：练习全局表

全局表 数据会插入到两个库中，并且两个库中都有全部的数据。

1. //在mycat63 连接本机的mycat服务建库
2. [root@mycat63 ~]# mysql -h127.0.0.1 -umycat -p654321 -P8066
3. mysql> create database tarena;
4. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.31 sec)
5. mysql> exit
6. Bye
7. [root@mycat63 ~]#

配置文件存放位置

1. [root@mycat63 ~]# ls /usr/local/mycat/conf/schemas/tarena.schema.json
2. /usr/local/mycat/conf/schemas/tarena.schema.json
3. [root@mycat63 ~]#

创建全局表

1. //客户端client50 连接mycat63主机的 建表存储数据
2. [root@client50 ~]# mysql -h192.168.88.63 -umycat -p654321 -P8066
3. mysql> create table tarena.dept(dept_id int , dept_name char(10),primary key(dept_id)) default charset utf8 broadcast;
4. Query OK, 0 rows affected (4.46 sec)
5. //插入记录
6. mysql> insert into tarena.dept values(1,"开发部"),(2,"运维部"),(3,"测试部");
7. Query OK, 1 row affected (0.23 sec)
8. //查看记录
9. mysql> select * from tarena.dept;
10. +---------+-----------+
11. | dept_id | dept_name |
12. +---------+-----------+
13. | 1 | 开发部 |
14. | 2 | 运维部 |
15. | 3 | 测试部 |
16. +---------+-----------+
17. 3 rows in set (0.33 sec)
18. mysql>

在4台数据库服务器查看

1. [root@mysql59 ~]# mysql -e 'select * from tarena.dept'
2. +---------+-----------+
3. | dept_id | dept_name |
4. +---------+-----------+
5. | 1 | 开发部 |
6. | 2 | 运维部 |
7. | 3 | 测试部 |
8. +---------+-----------+
9. [root@host61 ~]#
10. [root@mysql60 ~]# mysql -e 'select * from tarena.dept'
11. +---------+-----------+
12. | dept_id | dept_name |
13. +---------+-----------+
14. | 1 | 开发部 |
15. | 2 | 运维部 |
16. | 3 | 测试部 |
17. +---------+-----------+
18. [root@host62 ~]#
19. [root@mysql61 ~]# mysql -e 'select * from tarena.dept'
20. +---------+-----------+
21. | dept_id | dept_name |
22. +---------+-----------+
23. | 1 | 开发部 |
24. | 2 | 运维部 |
25. | 3 | 测试部 |
26. +---------+-----------+
27. [root@host63 ~]#
28. [root@mysql62 ~]# mysql -e 'select * from tarena.dept'
29. +---------+-----------+
30. | dept_id | dept_name |
31. +---------+-----------+
32. | 1 | 开发部 |
33. | 2 | 运维部 |
34. | 3 | 测试部 |
35. +---------+-----------+

步骤二：练习分片表

dbpartition 定义分库使用的分片规则，

tbpartition 定义分表使用的分片规则。

mod_hash 分片规则，用employee_id表头的值做取模计算

tbpartitions 1 表的分片数量

dbpartitions 2 库的分片数量

1. //连接mycat服务建表
2. [root@client50 ~]# mysql -h192.168.88.63 -P8066 -umycat –p654321
3. create table tarena.employees(
4. employee_id int primary key,
5. name char(10),dept_id int ,
6. mail varchar(30)
7. ) default charset utf8
8. dbpartition BY mod_hash(employee_id) tbpartition BY mod_hash(employee_id)
9. tbpartitions 1 dbpartitions 2;

在4台数据库服务器查看表

1. [root@mysql59 ~]# mysql -e 'show databases'
2. +--------------------+
3. | Database |
4. +--------------------+
5. | information_schema |
6. | mysql |
7. | performance_schema |
8. | sys |
9. | tarena |
10. | tarena_0 |
11. +--------------------+
12. [root@mysql59 ~]# mysql -e 'use tarena_0 ; show tables'
13. +--------------------+
14. | Tables_in_tarena_0 |
15. +--------------------+
16. | employees_0 |
17. +--------------------+
18. [root@host61 ~]#
21. [root@mysql60 ~]# mysql -e 'show databases'
22. +--------------------+
23. | Database |
24. +--------------------+
25. | information_schema |
26. | mysql |
27. | performance_schema |
28. | sys |
29. | tarena |
30. | tarena_0 |
31. +--------------------+
32. [root@mysql60 ~]# mysql -e 'use tarena_0 ; show tables'
33. +--------------------+
34. | Tables_in_tarena_0 |
35. +--------------------+
36. | employees_0 |
37. +--------------------+
38. [root@host62 ~]#
40. [root@mysql61 ~]# mysql -e 'show databases'
41. +--------------------+
42. | Database |
43. +--------------------+
44. | information_schema |
45. | mysql |
46. | performance_schema |
47. | sys |
48. | tarena |
49. | tarena_1 |
50. +--------------------+
51. [root@mysql61 ~]# mysql -e 'use tarena_1;show tables'
52. +--------------------+
53. | Tables_in_tarena_1 |
54. +--------------------+
55. | employees_1 |
56. +--------------------+
57. [root@host63 ~]#
59. [root@mysql62 ~]# mysql -e 'show databases'
60. +--------------------+
61. | Database |
62. +--------------------+
63. | information_schema |
64. | mysql |
65. | performance_schema |
66. | sys |
67. | tarena |
68. | tarena_1 |
69. +--------------------+
70. [root@mysql62 ~]# mysql -e 'use tarena_1;show tables'
71. +--------------------+
72. | Tables_in_tarena_1 |
73. +--------------------+
74. | employees_1 |
75. +--------------------+
76. [root@host64 ~]#

存储数据

1. [root@client50 ~]# mysql -h192.168.88.63 -P8066 -umycat –p654321
2. mysql> insert into tarena.employees values (9,"a","1","[email protected]");
3. Query OK, 1 row affected (0.08 sec)
4. mysql> insert into tarena.employees values (8,"B","3","[email protected]");
5. Query OK, 1 row affected (0.13 sec)
6. mysql> insert into tarena.employees values (7,"C","2","[email protected]");
7. Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
8. mysql> insert into tarena.employees values (6,"C","2","[email protected]");
9. Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)
10. mysql> select * from tarena.employees;
11. +-------------+------+---------+-----------+
12. | employee_id | name | dept_id | mail |
13. +-------------+------+---------+-----------+
14. | 6 | C | 2 | [email protected] |
15. | 8 | B | 3 | [email protected] |
16. | 7 | C | 2 | [email protected] |
17. | 9 | a | 1 | [email protected] |
18. +-------------+------+---------+-----------+
19. 4 rows in set (2.07 sec)

在数据库服务器本机查看数据

1. [root@mysql59 ~]# mysql -e 'select * from tarena_0.employees_0'
2. +-------------+------+---------+----------+
3. | employee_id | name | dept_id | mail |
4. +-------------+------+---------+----------+
5. | 6 | C | 2 | [email protected] |
6. | 8 | B | 3 | [email protected] |
7. +-------------+------+---------+----------+
8. [root@mysql59 ~]#
10. [root@mysql60 ~]# mysql -e 'select * from tarena_0.employees_0'
11. +-------------+------+---------+----------+
12. | employee_id | name | dept_id | mail |
13. +-------------+------+---------+----------+
14. | 6 | C | 2 | [email protected] |
15. | 8 | B | 3 | [email protected] |
16. +-------------+------+---------+----------+
17. [root@mysql60 ~]#
19. [root@mysql61 ~]# mysql -e 'select * from tarena_1.employees_1'
20. +-------------+------+---------+-----------+
21. | employee_id | name | dept_id | mail |
22. +-------------+------+---------+-----------+
23. | 7 | C | 2 | [email protected] |
24. | 9 | a | 1 | [email protected] |
25. +-------------+------+---------+-----------+
26. [root@mysql61 ~]#
28. [root@mysql62 ~]# mysql -e 'select * from tarena_1.employees_1'
29. +-------------+------+---------+-----------+
30. | employee_id | name | dept_id | mail |
31. +-------------+------+---------+-----------+
32. | 7 | C | 2 | [email protected] |
33. | 9 | a | 1 | [email protected] |
34. +-------------+------+---------+-----------+
35. [root@mysql62 ~]#

步骤三：练习ER表

ER表，称为关联表，表示数据逻辑上有关联性的两个或多个表，例如工资表和员工表。对于关联表，通常希望他们能够有相同的分片规则，这样在进行关联查询时，能够快速定位到同一个数据分片中。MyCat2中对于关联表，不需要有过多的声明，他可以根据分片规则自行判断。

1)连接mycat服务建表

1. [root@client50 ~]# mysql -h192.168.88.63 -P8066 -umycat –p654321
2. mysql> create table tarena.salary(
3. employee_id int primary key,
4. p_date date , basic int , bonus int
5. ) DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
6. dbpartition BY mod_hash(employee_id)
7. tbpartition BY mod_hash(employee_id) tbpartitions 1;
8. Query OK, 1 row affected (1.93 sec)

2）在MyCat2终端查看关联表关系。

1. [root@mycat63 ~]# mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P8066 -umycat –p654321
3. mysql> /*+ mycat:showErGroup{}*/ ;
4. +---------+------------+-----------+
5. | groupId | schemaName | tableName |
6. +---------+------------+-----------+
7. | 0 | tarena | employees |
8. | 0 | tarena | salary |
9. +---------+------------+-----------+
10. 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
11. mysql>

3)在2台主服务器查看表

1. [root@mysql59 ~]# mysql -e 'use tarena_0 ; show tables'
2. +--------------------+
3. | Tables_in_tarena_0 |
4. +--------------------+
5. | employees_0 |
6. | salary_0 |
7. +--------------------+
8. [root@mysql59 ~]#
10. [root@mysql61 ~]# mysql -e 'use tarena_1;show tables'
11. +--------------------+
12. | Tables_in_tarena_1 |
13. +--------------------+
14. | employees_1 |
15. | salary_1 |
16. +--------------------+
17. [root@mysql61~]#

4）插入数据

1. [root@client50 ~]# mysql -h192.168.88.63 -P8066 -umycat –p654321
2. mysql> desc tarena.salary;
3. +-------------+------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4. | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
5. +-------------+------+------+-----+---------+-------+
6. | employee_id | int | NO | PRI | NULL | |
7. | p_date | date | YES | | NULL | |
8. | basic | int | YES | | NULL | |
9. | bonus | int | YES | | NULL | |
10. +-------------+------+------+-----+---------+-------+
11. 4 rows in set (0.07 sec)
13. mysql> insert into tarena.salary values(6,20230110,20000,2000);
14. Query OK, 1 row affected (0.28 sec)
16. mysql> insert into tarena.salary values(7,20230210,25000,2500);
17. Query OK, 1 row affected (0.21 sec)
19. mysql> insert into tarena.salary values(8,20230310,30000,3000);
20. Query OK, 1 row affected (0.26 sec)
22. mysql> insert into tarena.salary values(9,20230410,35000,3500);
23. Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
25. mysql> select * from tarena.salary;
26. +-------------+------------+-------+-------+
27. | employee_id | p_date | basic | bonus |
28. +-------------+------------+-------+-------+
29. | 6 | 2023-01-10 | 20000 | 2000 |
30. | 8 | 2023-03-10 | 30000 | 3000 |
31. | 7 | 2023-02-10 | 25000 | 2500 |
32. | 9 | 2023-04-10 | 35000 | 3500 |
33. +-------------+------------+-------+-------+
34. 4 rows in set (0.16 sec)
36. mysql>

5)在4台数据库服务器本机查看

1. [root@mysql59 ~]# mysql -e 'select * from tarena_0.employees_0'
2. +-------------+------+---------+----------+
3. | employee_id | name | dept_id | mail |
4. +-------------+------+---------+----------+
5. | 6 | C | 2 | [email protected] |
6. | 8 | B | 3 | [email protected] |
7. +-------------+------+---------+----------+
8. [root@mysql59 ~]#
9. [root@mysql60 ~]# mysql -e 'select * from tarena_0.salary_0'
10. +-------------+------------+-------+-------+
11. | employee_id | p_date | basic | bonus |
12. +-------------+------------+-------+-------+
13. | 6 | 2023-01-10 | 20000 | 2000 |
14. | 8 | 2023-03-10 | 30000 | 3000 |
15. +-------------+------------+-------+-------+
16. [root@mysql60 ~]#
18. [root@mysql61 ~]# mysql -e 'select * from tarena_1.employees_1'
19. +-------------+------+---------+-----------+
20. | employee_id | name | dept_id | mail |
21. +-------------+------+---------+-----------+
22. | 7 | C | 2 | [email protected] |
23. | 9 | a | 1 | [email protected] |
24. +-------------+------+---------+-----------+
25. [root@mysql62 ~]# mysql -e 'select * from tarena_1.salary_1'
26. +-------------+------------+-------+-------+
27. | employee_id | p_date | basic | bonus |
28. +-------------+------------+-------+-------+
29. | 7 | 2023-02-10 | 25000 | 2500 |
30. | 9 | 2023-04-10 | 35000 | 3500 |
31. +-------------+------------+-------+-------+
32. [root@mysql62~]#