PHP-RabbitMQ-PHP入门

说明

• RabbitMQ-PHP入门
• 环境：CentOS7+PHP7.3

操作步骤

》安装RabbitMQ

• 可自行安装，也可参考我的相关教程（CentOS7离线安装RabbitMq），本章假设你已经安装好了RabbitMQ。

》PHP安装AMQP扩展

• 下载地址：https://pecl.php.net/package/amqp

• 大小：110k±

  amqp-1.10.2.tgz
  

• 安装AMQP扩展需要先安装rabbitmq-c，否则安装不上

  • 下载地址：https://github.com/alanxz/rabbitmq-c/releases
  • 大小：150k±

    rabbitmq-c-0.10.0.tar.gz
    

• 将下载好的压缩包放入CentOS7能访问到的目录

  [admin@192 src]$ ll
  -rw-r--r-- 1 501 games   107350 Dec 19 23:13 amqp-1.10.2.tgz
  -rw-r--r-- 1 501 games   145361 Dec 19 23:51 rabbitmq-c-0.10.0.tar.gz
  

• 安装rabbitmq-c

  [admin@192 src]$ tar zxvf rabbitmq-c-0.10.0.tar.gz
  [admin@192 src]$ cd rabbitmq-c-0.10.0
  [admin@192 rabbitmq-c-0.10.0]$ cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/rabbitmq-c-0.10.0
  [admin@192 rabbitmq-c-0.10.0]$ make
  # 非root这一步需要加sudo
  [admin@192 rabbitmq-c-0.10.0]$ sudo make install
  
  

• 安装AMQP

  [admin@192 src]$ tar zxvf amqp-1.10.2.tgz
  [admin@192 src]$ cd amqp-1.10.2
  
  # 生成编译文件
  [admin@192 amqp-1.10.2]$ phpize
  Configuring for:
  PHP Api Version:         20180731
  Zend Module Api No:      20180731
  Zend Extension Api No:   320180731
  
  # 查看本机php-config位置
  [admin@192 amqp-1.10.2]$ sudo find / -name php-config
  /usr/local/php/bin/php-config
  
  # 配置
  [admin@192 amqp-1.10.2]$ ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-amqp --with-librabbitmq-dir=/usr/local/rabbitmq-c-0.10.0
  
  # make
  [admin@192 amqp-1.10.2]$ make
  
  # make 报错
  /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lrabbitmq
  collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
  make: *** [amqp.la] Error 1
  
  # 复制/usr/local/rabbitmq-c-0.10.0/lib64一份到/usr/local/rabbitmq-c-0.10.0/lib
  [admin@192 amqp-1.10.2]$ cd /usr/local/rabbitmq-c-0.10.0/
  [admin@192 rabbitmq-c-0.10.0]$ ll
  total 0
  drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  92 Dec 20 00:54 include
  drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 118 Dec 20 00:54 lib64
  [admin@192 rabbitmq-c-0.10.0]$ sudo cp -R ./lib64 ./lib
  
  # 返回amqp-1.10.2的解压缩目录继续make
  [admin@192 amqp-1.10.2]$ make
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  Libraries have been installed in:
     /usr/local/src/RabbitMQ/amqp-1.10.2/modules
  
  If you ever happen to want to link against installed libraries
  in a given directory, LIBDIR, you must either use libtool, and
  specify the full pathname of the library, or use the `-LLIBDIR'
  flag during linking and do at least one of the following:
     - add LIBDIR to the `LD_LIBRARY_PATH' environment variable
       during execution
     - add LIBDIR to the `LD_RUN_PATH' environment variable
       during linking
     - use the `-Wl,--rpath -Wl,LIBDIR' linker flag
     - have your system administrator add LIBDIR to `/etc/ld.so.conf'
  
  See any operating system documentation about shared libraries for
  more information, such as the ld(1) and ld.so(8) manual pages.
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  
  Build complete.
  Don't forget to run 'make test'.
  
  
  # make install，非root这一步需要加sudo
  [admin@192 amqp-1.10.2]$ sudo make install
  Installing shared extensions:     /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20180731/
  
  # 查看扩展
  [admin@192 amqp-1.10.2]$ ll /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20180731/
  total 9672
  -rwxr-xr-x  1 root root  656864 Dec 20 01:03 amqp.so
  
  # php.ini开启扩展
  [admin@192 amqp-1.10.2]$ sudo find / -name php.ini
  /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
  [admin@192 amqp-1.10.2]$ sudo vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
  extension=amqp
  [admin@192 amqp-1.10.2]$ php -m
  [PHP Modules]
  amqp
  
  # 重启php-fpm
  [admin@192 amqp-1.10.2]$ sudo lnmp php-fpm restart
  
  

》简单PHP案例

• 说明
  • 纯原声PHP代码实现方式，不借助三方包，只要PHP安装好amqp扩展即可。
• 代码组成
  • 消费者代码：RabbitmqConsumer.php

     '192.168.3.202',
        'port' => '5672',
        'login' => 'admin',
        'password' => '123456',
        'vhost' => '/'
    ];
    
    // 交换机名字
    $exchangeName = 'exchange001';
    
    // 路由key名字
    $routingKey = 'route001';
    
    // 队列名字
    $queueName001 = 'exchange001-queue001';
    $queueName002 = 'exchange001-queue002';
    
    // 创建connection
    $connection = new \AMQPConnection($conf);
    $connection->connect();
    
    // 创建channel
    $channel = new \AMQPChannel($connection);
    
    // 初始化一个交换机并创建
    $exchange = new \AMQPExchange($channel);
    $exchange->setName($exchangeName);          // 设置交换机名字
    $exchange->setType(AMQP_EX_TYPE_DIRECT);    // 设置类型：直接交换类型
    $exchange->setFlags(AMQP_DURABLE);          // 设置标识：持久交换机
    $res = $exchange->declareExchange();        // 声明交换机
    
    // 创建队列001
    $queue001 = new \AMQPQueue($channel);
    $queue001->setName($queueName001);
    $queue001->setFlags(AMQP_DURABLE);
    $res = $queue001->declareQueue();
    
    // 队列001绑定到交换机，并指定路由key
    $res = $queue001->bind($exchangeName, $routingKey);
    
    // 消费消息
    echo "正在接收消息：\n";
    // consume方法：是一个阻塞方法,有数据执行,没数据则一直阻塞状态
    // $queue->consume('callbackFunction', AMQP_AUTOACK);  // 自动应答
    $queue001->consume('callbackFunction');
    
    // get方法：是consume的非阻塞替代方法
    // $msg = $queue->get(AMQP_AUTOACK);
    
    // 创建队列002
    /**
     * 注意：由于consume方法是阻塞模式,所以之后的代码就不再执行了,故而队列002的代码不会执行
     */
    /*
    $queue002 = new \AMQPQueue($channel);
    $queue002->setName($queueName002);
    $queue002->setFlags(AMQP_DURABLE);
    $res = $queue002->declareQueue();
    
    // 队列002绑定到交换机，并指定路由key
    $res = $queue002->bind($exchangeName, $routingKey);
    
    // 消费消息
    $queue002->consume('callbackFunction');
    */
    
    // 消费消息回调方法
    function callbackFunction(\AMQPEnvelope $envelope, \AMQPQueue $queue)
    {
        $msg = $envelope->getBody();
        // 业务逻辑
        echo '[' . date('YmdHis') . '] 队列：' . $queue->getName() . ' 成功处理了一条消息：' . $msg . "\n"; //处理消息
        $queue->ack($envelope->getDeliveryTag()); //手动发送ACK应答
    }
    

  • 生产者代码：RabbitmqProducer.php

     '192.168.3.202',
        'port' => '5672',
        'login' => 'admin',
        'password' => '123456',
        'vhost' => '/'
    ];
    
    // 交换机名字
    $exchangeName = 'exchange001';
    
    // 路由key名字
    $routingKey = 'route001';
    
    // 创建connection
    $connection = new \AMQPConnection($conf);
    $connection->connect();
    
    // 创建channel
    $channel = new \AMQPChannel($connection);
    
    // 创建交换机
    $exchange = new \AMQPExchange($channel);
    $exchange->setName($exchangeName);          // 设置交换机名字
    
    // 开启事务
    //$channel->startTransaction();
    
    // 发送消息
    for ($i = 0; $i < 3; $i++) {
        $msg = 'msg' . $i;
        $exchange->publish($msg, $routingKey);
        echo "发送消息：[$msg] 成功\n";
        sleep(1);
    }
    
    // 提交事务
    //$channel->commitTransaction();
    
    // 关闭connection
    $connection->disconnect();
    
    echo "全部消息发送完成，程序退出。\n";
    

• 运行消费者

  [admin@192 test]$ php RabbitmqConsumer.php
  正在接收消息：
  
  

• 运行生产者

  [admin@192 test]$ php RabbitmqProducer.php
  

》升级版PHP案例

• 说明
  • 官方文档：https://www.rabbitmq.com/tutorials/tutorial-one-php.html
  • 按照RabbitMQ官方文档，除了PHP安装amqp扩展外，通过composer依赖管理工具安装名为：“php-amqplib/php-amqplib”的依赖包。
• 代码组成
  • composer.phar
    • 下载地址：https://getcomposer.org/download/
  • composer.json

    "require": {
        "php-amqplib/php-amqplib": ">=3.0"
      }
    

  • 消费者代码：Receive.php

    channel();
    
    // 声明一个交换机
    $channel->exchange_declare('exchange01', AMQP_EX_TYPE_DIRECT, false, true, false);
    
    // 声明一个队列
    $channel->queue_declare('queue01', false, true, false, true);
    $channel->queue_declare('queue02', false, true, false, true);
    
    // 绑定队列和交换机并指定路由key
    $channel->queue_bind('queue01', 'exchange01', 'routing01');
    $channel->queue_bind('queue02', 'exchange01', 'routing01');
    
    echo " [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C\n";
    
    $callback = function (\PhpAmqpLib\Message\AMQPMessage $msg) {
        echo ' [x] Received ', $msg->body, "\n";
    };
    
    $channel->basic_consume('queue01', '', false, true, false, false, $callback);
    $channel->basic_consume('queue02', '', false, true, false, false, $callback);
    
    while ($channel->is_open()) {
        $channel->wait();
    }
    

  • 生产者代码：Send.php

    channel();
    
    $channel->queue_declare('queue01', false, true, false, true);
    
    $msg = new AMQPMessage('Hello World!');
    $channel->basic_publish($msg, 'exchange01', 'routing01');
    
    echo " [x] Sent 'Hello World!'\n";
    
    $channel->close();
    $connection->close();
    

• 运行消费者

  [admin@192 Rabbit]$ php Receive.php 
  [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C  
  [x] Received Hello World!
  

• 运行生产者

  [admin@192 Rabbit]$ php Send.php 
  [x] Sent 'Hello World!' 
  

备注

• 该教程部分内容收集自网络，感谢原作者。

附录

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