第一周 第二天 学习总结[路由]

本周学习计划

学习路由部分的知识

1、学习每个路由协议的原理，需要学习的路由协议有默认路由、静态路由、直连路由、rip、ospf ，bgp、isis

2、掌握每个路由协议之间的区别

3、掌握每个路由协议的优先级、学会路由之间的重分发（实验）

4、掌握bgp选路原则

5、掌握路由策略和策略路由

6、学策略ACL（基本acl+扩展acl(选学)）、NAT、VPN【底层原理，规则，实验】

本日（七月三日）学习计划

1.学习动态路由IS-IS，BGP的配置命令，并实验
2.学习策略路由和路由策略的配置命令，并实验
3.复习静态路由的配置
4.复习动态路由 RIP，OSPF，EIGRP的配置
附加：下午两点半做考试题目（边讲边做）

复习静态路由的配置

实验模拟器：Cisco Packet Tracer v8.2

实验拓扑图如下：

步骤一：配置PC的ip、网关

步骤二：配置所有设备的接口ip

交换机Multilayer Switch0：
Switch(config)#int f0/1
Switch(config-if)#no sw
Switch(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#int f0/2
Switch(config-if)#no switchport 
Switch(config-if)#ip add 192.168.20.254 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#int f0/24
Switch(config-if)#no sw
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0

路由器Router1：
Router(config)#int g0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#int s0/0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

路由器Router2：
Router(config)#int s0/0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#int g0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.254 255.255.255.0

步骤三：进行所有设备的静态路由配置

静态路由命令：
ip route <目标ip> <子网掩码> <回路ip>
交换机Multilayer Switch0：
Switch(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2
Switch(config)#ip route 192.168.30.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2
路由器Router1
Router(config)#ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
Router(config)#ip route 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
Router(config)#ip route 192.168.30.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2
路由器Router2
Router(config)#ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
Router(config)#ip route 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
Router(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1

步骤四：测试网络连通性，发现可以连通

ping 192.168.20.1
Pinging 192.168.20.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Ping statistics for 192.168.20.1:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

C:\>ping 192.168.30.1

Pinging 192.168.30.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125

Ping statistics for 192.168.30.1:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 2, Lost = 2 (50% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 2ms, Maximum = 2ms, Average = 2ms

静态路由配置完成，全网互通已经实现

复习动态路由RIPv2的技术配置

实验模拟器：Cisco Packet Tracer v8.2

实验拓扑图如下：

步骤一 ：配置所有PC机的ip以及网关

步骤二：配置所有设备相连端口的ip地址

交换机Multilayer Switch0：
Switch(config)#int f0/1
Switch(config-if)#no switchport 
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#int f0/2
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.254 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#int f0/24
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#no shutdown 

路由器Router0：
Router(config)#int g0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#int s0/0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

路由器Router1：
Router(config)#int s0/0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#int g0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.254 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#

步骤三：配置所有设备的RIP动态路由

交换机Multilayer Switch0：
Switch(config)#ip routing
Switch(config)#router rip 
Switch(config-router)#version 2
Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0
Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0
Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0

路由器Router0：
Router(config)#router rip 
Router(config-router)#version 2
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0

路由器Router1：
Router(config)#router rip 
Router(config-router)#version 2
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0

步骤四：测试网络连通性，发现可以连通

Cisco Packet Tracer PC Command Line 1.0
C:\>ping 192.168.20.1

Pinging 192.168.20.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127

Ping statistics for 192.168.20.1:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

C:\>ping 192.168.30.1

Pinging 192.168.30.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125

Ping statistics for 192.168.30.1:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 2ms, Maximum = 2ms, Average = 2ms

动态路由rip配置完成，全网互通已经实现

复习动态路由EIGRP协议配置

实验模拟器：Cisco Packet Tracer v8.2

实验拓扑图如下：

步骤一：配置所有pc的IP地址

步骤二：配置所有设备相连的端口IP

交换机Multilayer Switch0：
Switch(config)#int f0/1
Switch(config-if)#no switchport 
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#int f0/2
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.254 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#int f0/24
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#no shutdown 

路由器Router0：
Router(config)#int g0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#int s0/0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

路由器Router1：
Router(config)#int s0/0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#int g0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.254 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#

步骤三：配置所有设备的EIGRP的技术

交换机Multilayer Switch0：
Switch(config)#route eigrp 1
Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0
Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0
Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0

路由器Router0：
Router(config)#router eigrp 1
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0

路由器Router1：
Router(config)#router eigrp 1
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0

步骤四：测试网络连通性，发现可以连通

C:\>ping 192.168.30.1

Pinging 192.168.30.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125

Ping statistics for 192.168.30.1:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 2ms, Maximum = 2ms, Average = 2ms

C:\>ping 192.168.20.1

Pinging 192.168.20.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127

Ping statistics for 192.168.20.1:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

动态路由EIGRP配置完成，全网互联已经实现

复习动态路由OSPF协议配置

实验模拟器：Cisco Packet Tracer v8.2

实验拓扑图如下：

步骤一：配置所有PC的IP地址

步骤二：配置所有设备相连的端口IP

交换机Multilayer Switch0：
Switch(config)#int f0/1
Switch(config-if)#no switchport 
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#int f0/2
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.254 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#int f0/24
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#no shutdown 

路由器Router0：
Router(config)#int g0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#int s0/0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

路由器Router1：
Router(config)#int s0/0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#int g0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.254 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#

步骤三：配置OSPF技术

交换机Multilayer Switch0：
Switch(config)#router ospf 1
Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

路由器Router0：
Router(config)#router ospf 1
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

路由器Router1：
Router(config)#router ospf 1
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

步骤四：测试网络连通性，发现可以连通

C:\>ping 192.168.20.1

Pinging 192.168.20.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.20.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127

Ping statistics for 192.168.20.1:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

C:\>ping 192.168.30.1

Pinging 192.168.30.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.30.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125

Ping statistics for 192.168.30.1:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 2ms, Maximum = 2ms, Average = 2ms

动态路由OSPF配置完成，全网互通已经实现

(重点)每日一练：写题目[交换机综合应用]（边讲边做）

实验模拟器：EVE-ng

题目要求：

拓扑图如下：

步骤一：创建所有设备的vlan，并给创建的vlan配置ip（sw3不配）

配ip步骤略

步骤二：配置所有设备相连接口模式为trunk

SW1(config)#int range e0/1-3
SW1(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
SW1(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk

SW2(config)#int range e0/1-3
SW2(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
SW2(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk

SW2(config)#int range e0/1-2
SW2(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
SW2(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk

步骤三：配置SW1与SW2的互联接口配置链路聚合

SW1(config)#int range e0/1-2
SW1(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 mode on
SW1(config-if-range)#

SW2(config)#int range e0/1-2
SW2(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 mode on
SW2(config-if-range)#

步骤四：配置SW1和SW2的生成树协议，vlan10，20为主，vlan30，40为备

SW1(config)#spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst
SW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 10 priority 4096
SW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 20 priority 4096
SW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 30 root primary
SW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 40 root primary

SW2(config)#spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst
SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 10 priority 4096
SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 20 priority 4096
SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 30 root primary
SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 40 root primary

此时通过show run 发现SW1，SW2的生成树vlan优先级相同，因此两边会发生冲突。
此时将SW2的vlan30,40的优先级改为主，10,20的优先级为备即可解决

SW2(config)#no spanning-tree vlan 10 priority 4096
SW2(config)#no spanning-tree vlan 20 priority 4096
SW2(config)#no spanning-tree vlan 30 root primary
SW2(config)#no spanning-tree vlan 40 root primary

SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 30 priority 4096
SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 40 priority 4096
SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 10 root primary
SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 20 root primary

步骤五：配置HSRP的冗余网关组

SW1(config)#int vlan 10
SW1(config-if)#standby 10 priority 100
SW1(config-if)#standby 10 ip 192.168.10.254
SW1(config)#int vlan 20
SW1(config-if)#standby 20 priority 100
SW1(config-if)#standby 20 ip 192.168.20.254
SW1(config)#int vlan 30
SW1(config-if)#standby 30 priority 110
SW1(config-if)#standby 30 ip 192.168.30.254
SW1(config)#int vlan 40
SW1(config-if)#standby 40 priority 110
SW1(config-if)#standby 40 ip 192.168.40.254

SW2(config)#int vlan 10
SW2(config-if)#standby 10 priority 110
SW2(config-if)#standby 10 ip 192.168.10.254
SW2(config)#int vlan 20
SW2(config-if)#standby 20 priority 110
SW2(config-if)#standby 20 ip 192.168.20.254
SW2(config)#int vlan 30
SW2(config-if)#standby 30 priority 100
SW2(config-if)#standby 30 ip 192.168.30.254
SW2(config)#int vlan 40
SW2(config-if)#standby 40 priority 100
SW2(config-if)#standby 40 ip 192.168.40.254

配置完成

本日笔记

明日计划

1.学习动态路由IS-IS，BGP的配置命令，并实验
2.学习策略路由和路由策略的配置命令，并实验

7月3日