Ubuntu安装SSH服务
目录
0、更新软件源
1、安装openssl：
2、启动ssh服务并配置开机自启
3、配置防火墙
3.1 配置防火墙ssh通过及22端口
4、尝试使用SSH登录
4.1 ROOT登录时出现权限问题
4.1.1 修改ssh配置文件，设置允许root登录
4.1.2 保存退出，重启ssh服务
4.1.3 查看ssh服务状态
4.1.4 查看ssh详细进程信息
5 重新登录SSH即可
注：安装前需要先将“源”配置好（以下演示为root账号）
0、更新软件源
apt-get install -y update1、安装openssl：
apt-get install -y update apt-get install -y openssh-server2、启动ssh服务并配置开机自启
systemctl enable ssh #开机启动
systemctl restart ssh #重启ssh
systemctl status ssh #查看ssh状态3、配置防火墙
注：也可以直接将防火墙关掉并禁止自启（不推荐此方式）
apt-get install -y firewalld #安装firewalld防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld #关闭防火墙
systemctl disabled firewalld #禁止防火墙自启3.1 配置防火墙ssh通过及22端口
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=22/tcp #允许22端口通过
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=ssh #允许ssh服务通过
systemctl reload firewalld #刷新防火墙规则
firewall-cmd --list-all #查看防火墙所有规则4、尝试使用SSH登录
查询Server IP地址
- ifconfig
- 若提示未安装需要“apt-get install -y net-tools”安装
root@alone:~# ifconfig
ens160: flags=4163 mtu 1500
inet 192.168.0.70 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255
inet6 fe80::54ca:4141:8163:edcc prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20
ether 00:50:56:8c:ba:ab txqueuelen 1000 (以太网)
RX packets 5141 bytes 2567997 (2.5 MB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1318 bytes 154200 (154.2 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73 mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10
loop txqueuelen 1000 (本地环回)
RX packets 196 bytes 18395 (18.3 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 196 bytes 18395 (18.3 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
- ip add
root@alone:~# ip add
1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:50:56:8c:ba:ab brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
altname enp3s0
inet 192.168.0.70/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens160
valid_lft 1306sec preferred_lft 1306sec
inet6 fe80::54ca:4141:8163:edcc/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 4.1 ROOT登录时出现权限问题
PS C:\Users\Alone> ssh [email protected]
[email protected]'s password:
Permission denied, please try again.4.1.1 修改ssh配置文件，设置允许root登录
注：找到“PermitRootLogin”修改或新增一行“PermitRootLogin yes”
root@alone:~# vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
#LoginGraceTime 2m
#PermitRootLogin prohibit-password
PermitRootLogin yes
#StrictModes yes
#MaxAuthTries 6
#MaxSessions 104.1.2 保存退出，重启ssh服务
方式一：
root@alone:~# /etc/init.d/ssh restart
Restarting ssh (via systemctl): ssh.service.
方式二：
root@alone:~# systemctl restart ssh4.1.3 查看ssh服务状态
root@alone:~# systemctl status ssh
● ssh.service - OpenBSD Secure Shell server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/ssh.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2022-10-11 14:05:26 CST; 9min ago
Docs: man:sshd(8)
man:sshd_config(5)
Process: 3686 ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/sshd -t (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 3687 (sshd)
Tasks: 1 (limit: 19119)
Memory: 4.0M
CPU: 130ms
CGroup: /system.slice/ssh.service
└─3687 "sshd: /usr/sbin/sshd -D [listener] 0 of 10-100 startups"
10月 11 14:05:26 alone systemd[1]: Starting OpenBSD Secure Shell server...
10月 11 14:05:26 alone sshd[3687]: Server listening on 0.0.0.0 port 22.
10月 11 14:05:26 alone sshd[3687]: Server listening on :: port 22.
10月 11 14:05:26 alone systemd[1]: Started OpenBSD Secure Shell server.
10月 11 14:05:48 alone sshd[3689]: Accepted password for root from 192.168.2.124 port 53758 ssh2
10月 11 14:05:48 alone sshd[3689]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by (uid=0)
4.1.4 查看ssh详细进程信息
root@alone:~# ps -ef | grep ssh
root 3687 1 0 14:05 ? 00:00:00 sshd: /usr/sbin/sshd -D [listener] 0 of 10-100 startups
root 3689 3687 0 14:05 ? 00:00:00 sshd: root@pts/1
root 3764 3725 0 14:16 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto ssh5 重新登录SSH即可
PS C:\Users\Alone> ssh [email protected]
[email protected]'s password:
Welcome to Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS (GNU/Linux 5.15.0-50-generic x86_64)
* Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com
* Management: https://landscape.canonical.com
* Support: https://ubuntu.com/advantage
0 更新可以立即应用。
Last login: Tue Oct 11 14:03:02 2022 from 192.168.2.124
root@alone:~#