并发编程01(Lock Condition 生产者消费者)详细讲解

并发

并发编程∶并发、并行 
并发(多线程操作同一个资源)
CPU一核,模拟出来多条线程,天下武功,唯快不破,快速交替并行(多个人一起行走) 
CPU 多核,多个线程可以同时执行;

public class QuickSort {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //获取cpu核数
        System.out.println(Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors());
    }

线程有六种状态

线程wait 和 sleep的区别

  • wait:会释放锁   sleep会抱着锁睡不释放
  • wait:  sleep:在任何地方睡
  • wait:不会捕获异常  sleep:必须要捕获异常

代码来展示并发(传统Synchronized)

public class QuickSort {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //并发,多个线程操作一个资源类 把资源丢入线程
        Ticket tic=new Ticket();
        //Lambda表达式(参数)->{代码}
/*        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {

            }
        }).start();*/
        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 60; i++) {
                tic.sale();
            }
        },"A").start();
        new Thread(()->{for (int i = 0; i < 60; i++) {
            tic.sale();
        }},"B").start();
        new Thread(()->{for (int i = 0; i < 60; i++) {
            tic.sale();
        }},"C").start();


    }
}
class Ticket{
    private int number =50;
    public  synchronized void sale(){
        if(number>0){
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"卖出了"+number--+"剩下"+number);
        }
    }
}

  

并发编程01(Lock Condition 生产者消费者)详细讲解_第1张图片

Lock

并发编程01(Lock Condition 生产者消费者)详细讲解_第2张图片

 

并发编程01(Lock Condition 生产者消费者)详细讲解_第3张图片

 

公平锁:十分公平 可以分先来后到

非公平锁: 十分不公平 可以插队

public class QuickSort {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //并发,多个线程操作一个资源类 把资源丢入线程
        Ticket tic=new Ticket();

        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {

            }
        }).start();
        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 60; i++) {
                tic.sale();
            }
        },"A").start();
        new Thread(()->{for (int i = 0; i < 60; i++) {
            tic.sale();
        }},"B").start();
        new Thread(()->{for (int i = 0; i < 60; i++) {
            tic.sale();
        }},"C").start();
    }
}
/*Lock三部曲
        1  new ReentrantLock();
        2  新ReentrantLock()
        3  finaLly=> lock. unLock(); (/解锁*/
class Ticket{
    private int number=50;
    Lock lock=new ReentrantLock();
    public  void sale(){
        lock.lock();
        if(number>0){
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"卖出了"+number--+"剩下"+number);
        }
        lock.unlock();
    }
}

结果

并发编程01(Lock Condition 生产者消费者)详细讲解_第4张图片

  Synchronized和Lock区别

  • Synchronized内置的Java关键字,Lock是一个Java类 
  • Synchronized 无法判断获取锁的状态,Lock 可以判断是否获取到了锁
  • Synchronized 会自动释放锁,lock必须要手动释放锁!如果不释放锁,死锁
  • Synchronized线程1(获得锁,阻塞)、线程2(等待,傻傻的等)
  • Synchronized可重入锁,不可以中断的,非公平;Lock,可重入锁,可以判断锁,非公平(可以自己设置); 同步可重入锁,不可以中断的,非公平;锁,可重入锁,可以判断锁,非公平(可以自己设置);

什么是锁

生产者和消费者问题

并发编程01(Lock Condition 生产者消费者)详细讲解_第5张图片

 

代码

public class QuickSort {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Data data=new Data();
        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                data.printA();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }

        },"A").start();
        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                data.printB();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        },"B").start();
        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                data.printC();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        },"C").start();
    }
}
class Data{
    private Lock lock=new ReentrantLock();
    //监视器condition
    private Condition condition =lock.newCondition();
    private Condition condition1 =lock.newCondition();
    private Condition condition2 =lock.newCondition();
    private int number=1;
    public void printA() throws InterruptedException {
        lock.lock();
        //业务 判断-》执行-》通知
        while (number!=1){
            //等待
            condition.await();
        }
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"A");
        number=2;
        condition.signal();
        lock.unlock();
    }

    public void printB() throws InterruptedException {
        lock.lock();
        //业务 判断-》执行-》通知
        while (number!=2){
            //等待
            condition1.await();
        }
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"B");
        number=3;
        condition.signal();
        lock.unlock();

    }
    public void printC() throws InterruptedException {
        lock.lock();
        //业务 判断-》执行-》通知
        while (number!=3){
            //等待
            condition2.await();
        }
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"C");
        number=1;
        condition.signal();
        lock.unlock();

    }
}

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