说明:
服务器为虚拟机Centos7
mysql版本为5.7
mycat2 文档等资料: https://www.yuque.com/ccazhw/ml3nkf
mycat2 命令:https://www.yuque.com/ccazhw/ml3nkf/f9f24306bbd3992c1baff00cdb0956a4
架构图:
Maste1负责所有写请求,Master2,Slave1,Slave2负责所有读请求。当Master1宕机时,Master2则负责所有读请求,Slave1,Slave2负责所有读请求。Master2为备用机。
编号 | 角色名称 | IP地址 | 机器名称 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Master1 | 192.168.1.124 | vm4 |
2 | Slave1 | 192.168.1.125 | vm5 |
3 | Master2 | 192.168.1.126 | vm6 |
4 | Slave2 | 192.168.1.127 | vm7 |
步骤
可能出现问题
# 下载unzip插件
yum install unzip
# 给bin/文件夹赋权
chmod -R 777 bin/
执行步骤
步骤1-4
# 1.下载mycat2的zip文件
wget http://dl.mycat.org.cn/2.0/install-template/mycat2-install-template-1.21.zip
# 2.下载mycat2的jar文件
wget http://dl.mycat.org.cn/2.0/1.21-release/mycat2-1.21-release-jar-with-dependencies.jar
# 3.解压.zip文件
unzip mycat2-install-template-1.21.zip
# 4.把jar文件当如解压的文件
mv mycat2-1.21-release-jar-with-dependencies.jar mycat/lib/
步骤5
# 5.编辑prototypeDs.datasource.json文件,连接master数据库
# 源文件如下
{
"dbType":"mysql",
"idleTimeout":60000,
"initSqls":[],
"initSqlsGetConnection":true,
"instanceType":"READ_WRITE",
"maxCon":1000,
"maxConnectTimeout":3000,
"maxRetryCount":5,
"minCon":1,
"name":"prototypeDs",
"password":"123456",
"type":"JDBC",
"url":"jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql?useUnicode=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&characterEncoding=UTF-8",
"user":"root",
"weight":0
}
# password ---> 修改成master数据库密码;
# user ---> 修改成master数据库账号
# url修改成业务库(mysql物理库,需要有生成这个数据库)
# 修改后
{
"dbType":"mysql",
"idleTimeout":60000,
"initSqls":[],
"initSqlsGetConnection":true,
"instanceType":"READ_WRITE",
"maxCon":1000,
"maxConnectTimeout":3000,
"maxRetryCount":5,
"minCon":1,
"name":"prototypeDs",
"password":"Root@123",
"type":"JDBC",
"url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.124:3306/clound_kernel?useUnicode=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&characterEncoding=UTF-8",
"user":"root",
"weight":0
}
步骤6
# 6.启动mycat2(url链接中数据库如果不存在,则启动报错)
mycat/bin/mycat start
# 登录mycat2的数据库(检查mycat2的是否启动成功)
mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 192.168.1.124 -P8066
说明:源文件字段说明,以及mycat其他命令可查看mycat2官方文档
步骤
执行步骤
步骤1:修改Master配置文件(Master1,Master2),重启mysql
# 查看mysql原配置文件
cat /etc/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
max_allowed_packet=16M
修改Master1后的配置文件
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
max_allowed_packet=16M
# 以下是新增配置
# 服务器唯一id
server-id=4
# 启用二进制日志
log-bin=mysql-bin
# 设置不要复制的数据库
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
# 设置需要复制的数据库
binlog-do-db=clound_kernel
# 设置logbin格式
binlog_format=STATEMENT
# 在作为从库的时,有写入操作也要更新二进制日志文件
log-slave-updates
修改后的Master2配置文件
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
max_allowed_packet=16M
# 以下是新增配置
# 服务器唯一id
server-id=5
# 启用二进制日志
log-bin=mysql-bin
# 设置不要复制的数据库
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
# 设置需要复制的数据库
binlog-do-db=clound_kernel
# 设置logbin格式
binlog_format=STATEMENT
# 在作为从库的时,有写入操作也要更新二进制日志文件
log-slave-updates
ps : Master2与Master1配置区别就只有server-id值不一样
重启Master1,Master2的mysql服务
# 重启mysql服务命令
service mysqld restart
步骤2:修改Slave配置文件(Slave1,Slave2),重启mysql
修改后的Slave1配置文件
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
max_allowed_packet=16M
# 以下是新增配置
# 服务器唯一id
server-id=6
# 启用中继日志
relay-log=mysql-relay
修改后的Slave2配置文件
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
max_allowed_packet=16M
# 以下是新增配置
# 服务器唯一id
server-id=7
# 启用中继日志
relay-log=mysql-relay
ps:my.cnf配置文件中binlog_format值说明
STATEMENT模式(SBR)
每一条会修改数据的sql语句会记录到binlog中。
优点是并不需要记录每一条sql语句和每一行的数据变化,减少了binlog日志量,节约IO,提高性能。
缺点是在某些情况下会导致master-slave中的数据不一致(如sleep()函数, last_insert_id(),以及user-defined functions(udf)等会出现问题)
ROW模式(RBR)
不记录每条sql语句的上下文信息,仅需记录哪条数据被修改了,修改成什么样了。而且不会出现某些特定情况下的存储过程、或function、或trigger的调用和触发无法被正确复制的问题。
缺点是会产生大量的日志,尤其是alter table的时候会让日志暴涨。
MIXED模式(MBR)
以上两种模式的混合使用,一般的复制使用STATEMENT模式保存binlog,对于STATEMENT模式无法复制的操作使用ROW模式保存binlog,MySQL会根据执行的SQL语句选择日志保存方式。
生产环境建议使用MIXED模式
重启Slave1,Slave2的mysql服务
# 重启mysql服务命令
service mysqld restart
步骤3:Master主机上生成Slave用户,并授权(Master1,Master2)
需要分别在Master1,Master2 执行
# 生成Slave用户,并授权
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Slave@123';
步骤4:配置slave复制Master(Slave1,Slave2)
# 查看Master1状态
SHOW MASTER STATUS;
# 执行复制Master1命令
CHANGE MASTER TO
master_host='192.168.1.124',
master_user='slave',
master_password='Slave@123',
master_port=3306,
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',
master_log_pos=324;
# 启动复制功能
START SLAVE;
# 检查是否复制成功
SHOW SLAVE STATUS;
结果如下:
Slave_IO_Running与Slave_SQL_Running为Yes,则表示复制成功
执行复制Master2逻辑
# 查看Master2状态
SHOW MASTER STATUS;
执行复制Master2逻辑
# 执行复制Master2命令
CHANGE MASTER TO
master_host='192.168.1.126',
master_user='slave',
master_password='Slave@123',
master_port=3306,
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002',
master_log_pos=154;
# 启动复制功能
START SLAVE;
# 检查是否复制成功
SHOW SLAVE STATUS;
结果如下:
Slave_IO_Running与Slave_SQL_Running为Yes,则表示复制成功
步骤5: 配置Master主机之间相互复制(Master1,Master2)
Master1复制Master2
# 执行复制Master2命令
CHANGE MASTER TO
master_host='192.168.1.126',
master_user='slave',
master_password='Slave@123',
master_port=3306,
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002',
master_log_pos=154;
# 启动复制功能
START SLAVE;
# 检查是否复制成功
SHOW SLAVE STATUS;
结果如下:
Slave_IO_Running与Slave_SQL_Running为Yes,则表示复制成功
Master2复制Master1
# 执行复制Master2命令
CHANGE MASTER TO
master_host='192.168.1.124',
master_user='slave',
master_password='Slave@123',
master_port=3306,
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',
master_log_pos=324;
# 启动复制功能
START SLAVE;
# 检查是否复制成功
SHOW SLAVE STATUS;
结果如下:
Slave_IO_Running与Slave_SQL_Running为Yes,则表示复制成功
ps: 相关主从mysql命令
# 停止从库复制功能
STOP SLAVE;
# 重置Master
RESET MASTER;
# 重置Slave
RESET SLAVE;
mycat执行命令
# 创建clound_kernel数据库
CREATE DATABASE clound_kernel;
# Master1数据源
/*+ mycat:createDataSource{ "name":"rwSepw1","url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.124:3306/clound_kernel?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useJDBCCompliantTimezoneShift=true", "user":"root","password":"Root@123" } */;
# Slave1数据源
/*+ mycat:createDataSource{ "name":"rwSepr1","url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.125:3306/clound_kernel?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useJDBCCompliantTimezoneShift=true", "user":"root","password":"Root@123" } */;
# Master2数据源
/*+ mycat:createDataSource{ "name":"rwSepw2","url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.126:3306/clound_kernel?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useJDBCCompliantTimezoneShift=true", "user":"root","password":"Root@123" } */;
# Slave2数据源
/*+ mycat:createDataSource{ "name":"rwSepr2","url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.127:3306/clound_kernel?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useJDBCCompliantTimezoneShift=true", "user":"root","password":"Root@123" } */;
查看mycat数据库中数据源
# 查看数据源
/*+ mycat:showDataSources{} */
# 生成集群
/*! mycat:createCluster{
"clusterType":"MASTER_SLAVE",
"heartbeat":{
"heartbeatTimeout":1000,
"maxRetry":3,
"minSwitchTimeInterval":300,
"slaveThreshold":0
},
"masters":[
"rwSepw1","rwSepw2"
],
"maxCon":2000,
"name":"clound_kernel_cluster",
"readBalanceType":"BALANCE_ALL",
"replicas":[
"rwSepw2","rwSepr1","rwSepr2"
],
"switchType":"SWITCH"
} */;
# 查看集群
/*+ mycat:showClusters{} */;
结果如图:
编辑schema下clound_kernel数据库对应的clound_kernel.schema.json文件
# 编辑clound_kernel.schema.json文件
vi conf/schemas/clound_kernel.schema.json
# 原文件内容
{
"customTables":{},
"globalTables":{},
"normalProcedures":{},
"normalTables":{},
"schemaName":"clound_kernel",
"shardingTables":{},
"views":{}
}
# 修改后文件
{
"customTables":{},
"globalTables":{},
"normalProcedures":{},
"normalTables":{},
"schemaName":"clound_kernel",
"shardingTables":{},
"views":{},
"targetName":"clound_kernel_cluster" //值为集群或者数据源
}
最后重启mycat
# 重启mycat
mycat/bin/mycat restart
mycat数据库执行sql命令
# mycat 打开clound_kernel数据库
use clound_kernel;
# 创建测试表
CREATE TABLE clound_kernel.`test_model`(`id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,PRIMARY KEY (`id`)) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
# 插入数据
INSERT INTO clound_kernel.test_model(`name`)VALUES('zhangsan');
# 插入服务器名称,查询时用于辨别mycat是否配置成功
INSERT INTO clound_kernel.test_model(`name`)VALUES(@@hostname);
# 查看test_model数据库
SELECT * FROM clound_kernel.test_model;
# 执行命令(清除master信息和relay日志的信息,删除所有的relay日志文件,并开始创建一个全新的中继日志)
RESET SLAVE;
报错原因: 从库已经存在之前的relay log
STOP SLAVE
报错原因: SLAVE已启动(看报错内容则可得知)
问题原因: 从库访问不了主库,auto.conf值一致
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/12nee3d1fVuvNGKKowa6u5g
提取码:av5u